Effect of inhaling cold air on autonomic functions and on the state of the central nervous system in rabbits with hyperthermia

1971 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 1008-1010
Author(s):  
G. V. Bavro ◽  
Yu. G. Pletenskii
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
The State ◽  
Autonomic Functions ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Takata-Aga reaction in the study of cerebrospinal fluid

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1182-1182
Author(s):  
D. K. Bogoroditsky
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
The State ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The technique of this reaction, suggested by two Japanese authors, Takata and Aga, in 1926, consists in adding 1 drop of a 10% Na carbonici solution and 0.3 of a freshly prepared mixture of equal parts 0.5% sulfa solution and 0.02% fuchsin (non-acid) solution to 1 cc of liquid. The mixture is shaken well and left in a test tube, and examined now after shaking, after h, after h, and after 24 h. Having tested this reaction in 60 patients, D.K. Bogoroditsky found that it is a very subtle indicator of the state of the central nervous system.

Qualimetric Model for Assessing the State of the Central Nervous System of Animals When Studying the Mechanism of Biological Activity for Mineral Waters

2021 ◽  
pp. 424-434
Author(s):  
Alona Kysylevska ◽  
Konstantin Babov ◽  
Sergey Gushcha ◽  
Ihor Prokopovych ◽  
Tatiana Bezverkhniuk
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The role of metabolites and the role of histo-hematological barriers in the regulation of body functions. (End)

1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-532
Author(s):  
L. S. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
The State ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Physiological Systems

Evaluation of the results obtained in the study of the effect of cerebrospinal fluid on various physiological systems is complicated by the fact that the composition of the cerebrospinal fluid depends to a large extent on the state of the blood-brain barrier, and thus reflects not only a certain physiological state of the central nervous system. There is no doubt that the metabolic products of the brain, secreted into the cerebrospinal fluid, exert their effect not only on the activity of various parts of the brain and on the coordination of their functions, but due to the rapid transition of these substances from the cerebrospinal fluid into the general circulation, they also affect as a humoral a factor on the function of other physiological systems, as it was revealed in a number of experiments carried out in recent years in our laboratories. For example, it turned out that under various influences (direct irritation of the central nervous system in experimental epilepsy, irritation of the sensory nerves associated with severe pain, traumatic shock, toxemic or chemical shock, as well as starvation, prolonged insomnia, etc.) - substances appear in the cerebrospinal fluid that affect the state and activity of the cardiovascular system, the tone of smooth muscles, the excitability of the central nervous system, etc. These are the results of the work of our employees: Zeitlin, Weiss, Harles, Voskresensky, Gromakovskaya , Bazarova, Gotsman, Komarova and others. Work in this direction continues at the present time.

Morphofunctional Indicators of the Effects of Protons on the Central Nervous System

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
К. Ляхова ◽  
K. Lyakhova ◽  
И. Колесникова ◽  
I. Kolesnikova ◽  
Д. Утина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Early Period ◽  
The State ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Accelerated Protons

Purpose: Investigation of the dose–time–effect dependency of the behavior of mice and rats after irradiation with accelerated protons and comparison of these data with the morphological changes in the hippocampus and the cerebellum of rodents. Material and methods: Experiments were performed on outbred adult female ICR mice (CD-1), SPF categories, body weight 30–35 g, of the age of 10 weeks – total number 61 animals, and on 39 male Sprague Dawley outbred rats weighing 190–230 g, aged 6.5–7.5 weeks. The animals were irradiated with accelerated protons with energy of 70 MeV on the medical beam of the phasotron of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna). Mice were placed in individual containers and irradiated 4 ones at a time. Irradiation was performed in a modified Bragg peak at doses of 0.5; 1; 2.5 and 5 Gy in caudocranial and craniocaudal direction. Rats were divided into 2 groups: intact control and group irradiated with 170 MeV protons at a dose of 1 Gy, dose rate of 1 Gy / min in the craniocaudal direction. The behavioral responses of experimental animals were tested in the Open Field test on days 1, 7, 14, 30, 90 in rats and on days 8, 30, and 90 in mice. Quantitative analysis of the dilution of Purkinje cells in the rat cerebellum was made, as well as morphological changes in the rat hippocampal neurons. It was shown a development of structural changes after irradiation with protons in neurons of different severity at different times after exposure: after 30 and 90 days. Results: In the period of 1–8 days after proton irradiation of mice and rats in non-lethal doses (0.5–5.0 Gy), there is a dose-independent decrease in the main indicators of the spontaneous locomotor activity of rodents. By the 90th day after irradiation, there is a clear tendency to normalize the indicators of OIR in all groups of irradiated animals, while the ES remains elevated. Disruption of motor activity of rodents irradiated with protons in the early period and its relative normalization in the late post-irradiation period occur on the background of an increased number of morphologically altered and dystrophic neurons in the hippocampus and rarefied of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. Conclusion: The complex hierarchical structure of the central nervous system, the dependence of its function on the state of the whole organism and its hormonal background, as well as on the state of the blood supply and other factors, along with its high plasticity, require complex physiological, morphological and neurochemical approaches in analyzing the radiobiological effect of corpuscular radiation, taking into consideration the unevenness in dose distribution during irradiation.

Is Survival Possible Without Arachidonate Metabolites in the Brain During Systemic Infection?

Physiology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Zhang ◽  
Serge Rivest
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Neuronal Circuits ◽  
Autonomic Functions ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Arachidonate Metabolites ◽  
The Brain

The central nervous system mediates a coordinated set of biological responses during systemic immune stimuli. These responses are essential for the organism to eliminate invading pathogens and restore health. Coincidentally, centrally produced prostaglandins play a determinant role in activating the neuronal circuits involved in the control of autonomic functions.

scholarly journals Perfil epidemiológico das malformações congênitas do sistema nervoso central no estado do Pará, Brasil / Epidemiological profile of congenital malformations of the central nervous system in the state of Pará, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 2765-2776
Author(s):  
Tiago Sousa da Costa ◽  
Matheus Sallys Oliveira Silva ◽  
Adjanny Estela Santos de Souza ◽  
Alana Carla Sousa Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Amaral Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
The State ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

scholarly journals The rate of the assumption of chloroform by the blood during anæsthesia

1907 ◽  
Vol 79 (535) ◽  
pp. 555-565 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Pulmonary Alveoli ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Although it is obvious that the essential condition of anæsthesia is one in which chloroform is associated with the cells of the body, and among these the cells of the central nervous system, the gradual storing-up of the drug must depend upon the supply available in the blood, the red corpuscles of which are, as we have shown, the chief agents for the transport of chloroform either from or to the pulmonary alveoli. A definite threshold-value for the percentage of chloroform in arterial blood must be reached in order that anæsthesia shall occur, and the state be maintained. The drug, as Tissot, Nicloux, and ourselves have found, is eliminated at first rapidly, and subsequently more slowly, on the cessation of the administration of chloroform. During anæsthesia the drug does not simply accumulate, since the processes of intake and output go on side by side. Though chloroform is eliminated at first with great rapidity, the last traces of the drug take a long time to slowly leak out of the tissues, but apart from this fact the elimination of a high percentage of chloroform in the blood takes place nearly as rapidly, and perhaps at times even as rapidly, as the assumption of a high percentage.

Post-Traumatic Mechanisms of Epileptogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
S. A. Antonenko ◽  
◽  
A. N. Stoyanov ◽  
G. V. Gryshchenko ◽  
V. Z. Skorobrekh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The State ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Post Traumatic Epilepsy ◽  
Traumatic Epilepsy

One of the most frequent and severe consequences of traumatic brain injury is post-traumatic epilepsy, which is the main identified cause of symptomatic epilepsy at a young age. Post-traumatic epilepsy develops in 11-20% of people who have had traumatic brain injury, its frequency and severity depends on the degree of damage to the central nervous system due to traumatic brain injury, the localization of the traumatic focus, the state of premorbid background, the presence of somatic and comorbid pathology, the state of the autonomic nervous system, etc. According to general population studies, severe traumatic brain injury increases the risk of post-traumatic epilepsy development by 29 times against mild, in which this indicator increases by 1.5 times. In children under 14 years old, the proportion of post-traumatic epilepsy can be up to 14%, while in people over 65 years old, this figure is 8%. The neurophysiological polymorphism of post-traumatic epilepsy is that traumatic brain injury is characterized by a predominantly focal nature of the development of the pathological process, but recently there have been many clinical and experimental confirmations of the presence of diffuse brain damage. These morphological and functional changes coexist and interact with each other with varying degrees of predominance. The work highlights the mechanisms of brain injury, including oxidative stress, leading to disruption of the functioning of all levels of the central nervous system. In the early period after traumatic brain injury, ischemic damage to the central nervous system dominates with the development of glutamate cascade, oxidative stress, etc. As a result of all pathological reactions, disintegration of the central nervous system develops with the development of basic neuropathological syndromes. In the intermediate period, with an unfavorable course of the pathological process, irritation syndromes are formed, in particular, epileptization of the brain with the possible appearance of repeated unprovoked paroxysms, as well as impairment of most neuropsychiatric functions due to excessive neuronal discharges. The formation of post-traumatic epilepsy has a delayed period of the emergence of a focus of epiactivity based on a cascade of morphofunctional "rewiring" of cortical and other networks, disorders of the functioning of the nervous system and depends on a number of "trigger" factors, incl. on the nature, localization, degree of damage, the state of the antiepileptic system and other factors stimulating the generator of hyperextension with the possible occurrence of secondary generators. At the same time, a pathological determinant is fully formed, which "epilepsizes" the brain. Conclusion. The issues of differentiation of post-traumatic epilepsy from other epileptic seizures, the dependence of post-traumatic epilepsy development on the severity of traumatic brain injury, the main risk factors for this type of epileptogenesis, as well as disorganization and damage to the antiepileptic system are considered. The existing wide range of seizures is described, incl. focal, taking into account the localization characteristic of traumatic brain injury

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