The average rate of growth of individual cells in a cellular structure: Effect of the number of topological elements

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2509-2513 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Fortes
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Structure Effect ◽  
Rate Of Growth

Growth rate of secondary hydatid cysts of the brain

1985 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Sierra ◽  
Jorge Oviedo ◽  
Marcelo Berthier ◽  
Ramon Leiguarda
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Bilateral intracerebral hydatid cysts developed in a 14-year-old patient after an infarct of presumed embolic origin in the left frontotemporoparietal region. The average rate of growth of these cysts was about 5 cm per year. This suggests that the growth rate is far from uniform and indeed, particularly in young patients, may be much faster than originally estimated.

Prospects for the UK Economy

2004 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 37-56
Author(s):  
Simon Kirby ◽  
Robert Metz ◽  
Rebecca Riley
Keyword(s):  
Average Rate ◽  
Output Gap ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
The Uk

The economy continued to grow faster than its trend rate in the first half of 2004. Preliminary estimates show GDP rising by 0.9 per cent in the second quarter of the year. Measured on an annualised basis, this brings the average rate of growth since the middle of last year to 3.6 per cent. It is our view that this brings the economy very close to capacity. We expect the output gap to average 0.1 per cent of trend GDP this year (see chart 1).

The influence of vaccination with Fecundin and supplementation with lupin grain on the reproductive performance of Merino ewes in Western Australia

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 469
Author(s):  
KP Croker ◽  
MA Johns ◽  
SH Bell ◽  
GA Brown ◽  
JF Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Average Quantity

The reproductive performances of groups of 4-6-year-old medium wool Merino ewes that were vaccinated with Fecundin and/or fed sweet lupin grain prior to and during the early part of the joining period were compared with untreated ewes over 2 years. The rams were joined with the ewes in early January of each year. In both years the Fecundin and lupin treatments increased ovulation rates (between 0.13 and 0.56) and the incidence of multiple pregnancies (between 1 and 36%). The proportions of lambs born following treatment with Fecundin were larger than those from the ewes fed only lupins. When the treatments were combined, there were no increases in lambs born above that of Fecundin alone. Pregnancy significantly depressed wool production from individual ewes, while those with more than 1 lamb produced less wool than those with only 1 lamb. However, the average quantity (4.6 kg greasy) and quality of wool produced by the ewes each year was similar for all groups, indicating that the variation in the incidence of multiple pregnancies had not affected flock wool production. The average rate of growth of the progeny from marking to weaning was also similar for each group (191 and 238 g/head.day for years 1 and 2, respectively) even though there were more multiple-born lambs in the Fecundin-treated groups. On a flock basis, it would appear that the nutritional conditions experienced during this study were adequate to avoid significant penalties associated with multiple pregnancies.

scholarly journals Some Reflections on "Planning Experience in Pakistan"

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-398
Author(s):  
Taufiq M. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Reasonable Accuracy ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Statistical Series ◽  
Economic Association ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Analytical Tools

In his address delivered at the 15th Annual Conference of the Pakistan Economic Association, Dr. M. N. Huda has reviewed the planning experience in Pakistan. He is eminently suited to undertake this review as he has been very intimately associated with the planning processes at both the provincial and central government levels. The address, though brief, raises a number of important issues in regard to the formulation and implementation of the annual and five-year plans of the country, issues which deserve serious consideration by the planning authorities. The following discussion of his address is an attempt to supplement some of the points raised' by him. With the quickening pace of economic development, the need for more and accurate data is being increasingly felt in the country. Lack of adequate and reliable data not only hampers the use of sophisticated analytical tools for formulating comprehensive national and regional plans but also adversely affects the measurement of the performance of the economy from year to year. This is not the occasion to go into the details of the merits and demerits of the statistical series which are now being published by various sources. Suffice it to say that there is a great need of improving the contents, quality and regular¬ity of these data. The collection of statistics is not keeping pace with the improvements in the economic activity. Even such vital information as the size of population and its rate of growth is not known with any reasonable accuracy. The results of the 1961 Census of Population are generally adjusted upward by 8.25 per cent for underenumeration in the census. Similarly, the average rate of inter-censal increase in 1961 Census was estimated to be 2.15 per cent for Pakistan, 2.36 per cent for West and 1.91 per cent for East Pakistan. The annual rate of growth of population is now assumed to be 2.6 per cent although there is evidence that it exceeds 3 per cent.

scholarly journals Global and regional emissions estimates of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a, CH<sub>3</sub>CHF<sub>2</sub>) from in situ and air archive observations

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Simmonds ◽  
M. Rigby ◽  
A. J. Manning ◽  
M. F. Lunt ◽  
S. O'Doherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Global Growth ◽  
Hfc 152A

Abstract. High frequency, in situ observations from 11 globally distributed sites for the period 1994–2014 and archived air measurements dating from 1978 onward have been used to determine the global growth rate of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a, CH3CHF2). These observations have been combined with a range of atmospheric transport models to derive global emission estimates in a top-down approach. HFC-152a is a greenhouse gas with a short atmospheric lifetime of about 1.5 years. Since it does not contain chlorine or bromine, HFC-152a makes no direct contribution to the destruction of stratospheric ozone and is therefore used as a substitute for the ozone depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs). The concentration of HFC-152a has grown substantially since the first direct measurements in 1994, reaching a maximum annual global growth rate of 0.84 ± 0.05 ppt yr−1 in 2006, implying a substantial increase in emissions up to 2006. However, since 2007, the annual rate of growth has slowed to 0.38 ± 0.04 ppt yr−1 in 2010 with a further decline to an annual average rate of growth in 2013–2014 of −0.06 ± 0.05 ppt yr−1. The annual average Northern Hemisphere (NH) mole fraction in 1994 was 1.2 ppt rising to an annual average mole fraction of 10.1 ppt in 2014. Average annual mole fractions in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) in 1998 and 2014 were 0.84 and 4.5 ppt, respectively. We estimate global emissions of HFC-152a have risen from 7.3 ± 5.6 Gg yr−1 in 1994 to a maximum of 54.4 ± 17.1 Gg yr−1 in 2011, declining to 52.5 ± 20.1 Gg yr−1 in 2014 or 7.2 ± 2.8 Tg-CO2 eq yr−1. Analysis of mole fraction enhancements above regional background atmospheric levels suggests substantial emissions from North America, Asia, and Europe. Global HFC emissions (so called “bottom up” emissions) reported by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) are based on cumulative national emission data reported to the UNFCCC, which in turn are based on national consumption data. There appears to be a significant underestimate ( >  20 Gg) of “bottom-up” reported emissions of HFC-152a, possibly arising from largely underestimated USA emissions and undeclared Asian emissions.

scholarly journals A Biological Study of Fucus Vesiculosus L. and F. Serratus L.

1950 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margery Knight ◽  
Mary Parke
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Fucus Vesiculosus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Biological Study ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Rough Water

A certain variation in level of the fucoid zone with latitude is demonstrated. The belt of Fucus vesiculosus and F. serratus lies lower on the Devon coast than on either the Manx or the Argyll coast.The conditions for the optimum germination of fertilized eggs are dissimilar to those for maximum rate of frond-extension.Normal growth-rates have been established for both species for the first 3 years of life. In F. vesiculosus the average rate of elongation per week is 0·48 cm. on the Devon coast, 0·45 cm. on the Manx coast and 0·68 cm. on the Argyll coast. In F. serratus the average rate of elongation per week is 0·49 cm. on the Devon coast, 0·68 cm. on the Manx coast and 0·85 cm. on the Argyll coast. The rate of growth is shown to vary with the conditions of the environment. Shelter from rough water tends to enhance growth-rate, and there is an indication that greater stature is achieved by the plants from the Argyll station than from either of the other stations.

New Method New Estimates

2014 ◽  
pp. 185-216
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Growth Effects ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Long Run ◽  
State Growth ◽  
Almost All

This chapter discusses Rao and Singh's (2007) approach in detail and applies it with alternative datasets to estimate the growth effects of selected variables. Country-specific results obtained using LSE-Hendry's method show that growth effects vary between countries, but openness to trade seems to be important for almost all the economies. Human capital and policy-related variables had theoretically consistent and statistically significant growth effects. In summary, the results show investment and education together with trade openness could be important stabilization tools in most of these economies. The cross-country estimates support the importance of these factors. The estimates show that private investment has contributed most to the regional growth since 1970s and that these variables combined account for about 90% to the average rate of growth. Conclusions from the various growth accounting exercises noted in the previous chapter indicated that whilst growth rates in these economies will eventually taper-off, the panel data estimates obtained in this chapter with systems methods of moments indicate that the region will have an average steady-state growth rate of around 3.2% in the long-run. This will lead to a serious drag in development because such a low rate of growth, relative to their current averages, implies a dramatic fall in incomes and welfare of Asia. This also suggests that such a scenario will have significant effects on the global economy since the region is being considered as the center of world growth.

scholarly journals Influence of Time of Planting on the Growth of Sugarcane Variety P.R. 980 at Río Piedras

1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
S. Alers-Alers ◽  
G. Samuels ◽  
P. Landrau, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Sugarcane Variety ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Rate Of Growth

Sugarcane variety P.R. 980 was planted at 28-day intervals throughout the year in Río Piedras, P. R. Measurements of growth were made on these plantings each month. The influence of the time of planting on growth was found to be as follows: 1. The best growth, as measured by heights of cane at 7 months, was made by sugarcane planted in May and June and the poorest growth by October and November plantings. 2. The highest average rate of growth for the 7-month period was made by cane planted in May and June and the lowest for October and November plantings. 3. A comparison of the heights of cane reached at 4 months revealed that cane planted from April to August attained 3 feet or more and required less weeding than cane planted from September to February, which measured 2 feet and under. 4. The lowest cane tonnage at 12 and 18 months was associated with the lowest average rate of growth per month, but the highest cane tonnages were not necessarily associated with highest average growth rates nor heights of cane at 4 or 7 months.

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