Event-specific attributions and daily life events as predictors of depression symptom change

1995 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Symptom Change ◽  
Predictors Of Depression

Examining the Impact of Sexual Revictimization in a Sample of Veterans Undergoing Intensive PTSD Treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626051989733
Author(s):  
Vanessa Tirone ◽  
Dale Smith ◽  
Victoria L. Steigerwald ◽  
Jenna M. Bagley ◽  
Michael Brennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Cognitive Processing Therapy ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Symptom Change ◽  
Sexual Revictimization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Predominately Female

Sexual revictimization refers to exposure to more than one incident of rape and is a known risk factor for poor mental health among civilians. This construct has been understudied among veterans. In addition, although individuals who have experienced revictimization generally have greater symptom severity than those who have experienced one rape, it is unclear whether these differences persist following treatment. This study examined differences between veterans who reported histories of revictimization ( n =111) or a single rape ( n = 45), over the course of a 3-week intensive cognitive processing therapy (CPT)-based treatment program for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The sample consisted of predominately female (70.5%) post–9/11 veterans (82.7%). Self-reported PTSD and depression symptom severity were assessed regularly throughout the course of treatment. Controlling for non-interpersonal trauma exposure and whether veterans were seeking treatment for combat or military sexual trauma, sexual revictimization was generally associated with greater pretreatment distress and impairment. However, sexual revictimization did not impact rates of PTSD or depression symptom change over the course of intensive treatment, or overall improvement in these symptoms posttreatment. Our findings suggest that the rates of sexual revictimization are high among treatment-seeking veterans with PTSD. Although veteran survivors of sexual revictimization tend to enter treatment with higher levels of distress and impairment than their singly victimized peers, they are equally as likely to benefit from treatment.

Integrating personality, daily life events and emotion: Role of anxiety and positive affect in emotion regulation dynamics

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Congard ◽  
Bruno Dauvier ◽  
Pascal Antoine ◽  
Pierre-Yves Gilles
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Daily Life

scholarly journals Sexual Problems Predict PTSD and Depression Symptom Change Among Male OEF/OIF Veterans Completing Exposure Therapy

Psychiatry ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christal L. Badour ◽  
Daniel F. Gros ◽  
Derek D. Szafranski ◽  
Ron Acierno
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Therapy ◽  
Sexual Problems ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Symptom Change

Dhaka Stress Scale-Adult: A scale for assessing psychosocial stressors among adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Mohammad S. I. Mullick ◽  
Sultana Algin ◽  
Monirul Islam ◽  
Adrian Phillipson ◽  
Jhunu S. Nahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Psychosocial Stressors ◽  
Life Change ◽  
Validation Process ◽  
Stress Scale

Stress is an integral part of daily life and inevitable. This study was aimed to produce a culturally validated scale for measuring stressful life events of adults in Bangladesh and formulate the relative life change units of each event. The study used qualitative research, including a focus group and questionnaire, as well as quantitative statistical analysis in the validation process. Researchers first developed a provisional scale with 62 items that were translated in Bangla through a translation exercise. Using an open-ended question along with this provisional scale on 518 (260 rated on imagination and 258 on experience) subjects, researchers developed Dhaka Stress Scale-Adult with 58 items and the predictive interpretation of the overall score was made. Content validity was found excellent as I-CVI was 1 except 3 items and S-CVI was 0.91. In factor analysis on the two-factor model, no item had salient loading on more than one factor and there were 3 items failed to load on either factor. The correlation coefficient was 0.84 between this scale and the Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale. In term of reliability, Cronbach’s alpha values were ranging from 0.53-0.88. The scale is simple to administer to assess stress and usable for both clinical and research purpose.

Do life events have their effect on psychosis by influencing the emotional reactivity to daily life stress?

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. MYIN-GERMEYS ◽  
L. KRABBENDAM ◽  
P. A. E. G. DELESPAUL ◽  
J. VAN OS
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Daily Hassles ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Daily Events

Background. Life events (LE) have consistently been found to influence course and outcome of psychotic disorders. However, the mechanism through which they operate is not known. The present study investigated whether LE have their effect by impacting on the emotional sensitivity for daily hassles.Method. Patients with clinically remitted psychotic illness (N=42) were studied with the Experience Sampling Method (a structured diary technique assessing current context and mood in daily life) to assess: (1) appraised subjective stress related to daily events and activities; and (2) emotional reactivity conceptualized as changes in both negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA). LE were assessed with the Brown & Harris Life Event and Difficulties Schedule.Results. Multilevel regression analyses showed that previous exposure to LE influenced the appraised stressfulness of neither daily events nor the activities in which the subjects were involved. However, a history of LE did modify the emotional reaction to daily life stress, both in models predicting NA and in models predicting PA.Conclusions. By their cumulative effect on emotional reactivity to daily activities and events, LE may render individuals more vulnerable to the onset or persistence of psychotic experiences.

scholarly journals Behind the Scenes of Online Therapeutic Feedback in Blended Therapy for Depression: Mixed-Methods Observational Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayke Mol ◽  
Els Dozeman ◽  
Simon Provoost ◽  
Anneke van Schaik ◽  
Heleen Riper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Written Feedback ◽  
Symptom Change ◽  
Change Scores

BACKGROUND In Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapies (iCBT), written feedback by therapists is a substantial part of therapy. However, it is not yet known how this feedback should be given best and which specific therapist behaviors and content are most beneficial for patients. General instructions for written feedback are available, but the uptake and effectiveness of these instructions in iCBT have not been studied yet. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify therapist behaviors in written online communication with patients in blended CBT for adult depression in routine secondary mental health care, to identify the extent to which the therapists adhere to feedback instructions, and to explore whether therapist behaviors and adherence to feedback instructions are associated with patient outcome. METHODS Adults receiving blended CBT (10 online sessions in combination with 5 face-to-face sessions) for depression in routine mental health care were recruited in the context of the European implementation project MasterMind. A qualitative content analysis was used to identify therapist behaviors in online written feedback messages, and a checklist for the feedback instruction adherence of the therapists was developed. Correlations were explored between the therapist behaviors, therapist instruction adherence, and patient outcomes (number of completed online sessions and symptom change scores). RESULTS A total of 45 patients (73%, 33/45 female, mean age 35.9 years) received 219 feedback messages given by 19 therapists (84%, 16/19 female). The most frequently used therapist behaviors were informing, encouraging, and affirming. However, these were not related to patient outcomes. Although infrequently used, confronting was positively correlated with session completion (ρ=.342, P=.02). Therapists adhered to most of the feedback instructions. Only 2 feedback aspects were correlated with session completion: the more therapists adhere to instructions containing structure (limiting to 2 subjects and sending feedback within 3 working days) and readability (short sentences and short paragraphs), the less online sessions were completed (ρ=−.340, P=.02 and ρ=−.361, P=.02, respectively). No associations were found with depression symptom change scores. CONCLUSIONS The therapist behaviors found in this study are comparable to previous research. The findings suggest that online feedback instructions for therapists provide sufficient guidance to communicate in a supportive and positive manner with patients. However, the instructions might be improved by adding more therapeutic techniques besides the focus on style and form.

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