Survival Strategies of Successful Black Farmers

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Patricia E. McLean-Meyinsse ◽  
Adell Brown
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Early Adoption ◽  
Black Farmers ◽  
Adoption Of New Technology

Structural change in U.S. agriculture has resulted in a decline in farm numbers, increases in farm size, and the dominance of large-scale producers. Although the number of black-operated farms has fallen considerably since the 1950s, a small group of these farmers operate successful farms. A selected group of black farmers in Louisiana was surveyed to determine their strategies for success. The results indicate that success is directly related to (a) good management practices, (b) knowledge and early adoption of new technology, (c) strong work ethics, (d) love of farming, (e) size of operation, (f) participation in government programs, and (g) strong family support.

Ecoregion and farm size differences in feed and manure nitrogen management: 1. Survey methods and results for poultry

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
S C Sheppard ◽  
S. Bittman ◽  
M. Beaulieu ◽  
M I Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Excretion Rates ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Environmental issues related to agriculture, and especially to animal production, are prominent in the regulatory agenda and are an area where the general public expects improvements. Many of the issues can be mitigated with changes in farm management practices. There is considerable potential for improvement, but before actions are recommended or mandated, it is important to document what are the current management practices and how they vary across the country and with farm size. This is the first of a series of papers that describes a large-scale livestock farm practices survey (LFPS) conducted across livestock farms in Canada, emphasizing manure nitrogen (N) management as it affects ammonia (NH3) emissions to the atmosphere. However, the survey results have much broader applicability. In this paper, the development of the survey and sampling strategy is described along with the results for the three main poultry sectors in Canada: broiler, layer and turkey. Husbandry in each poultry sector is generally uniform, but there were statistically significant regional differences in feeding practices and feed conversion efficiencies, and these imply differences in N excretion rates. Farm size was seldom significant as a covariate, suggesting that both small and large poultry farms have adopted similar husbandry and feeding practices. Key words: Manure, best management practices, emissions, odor

Harnessing the Potential of Cloud Computing to Transform Higher Education

2012 ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Technology Infrastructure ◽  
Computing Paradigm ◽  
Adoption Of New Technology

While the adoption of new technology is being increasingly recognised as a catalyst for transformation in higher education, the high cost of technology infrastructure and other related resources is a financial burden, and hence, a barrier to many higher education institutions, especially in the context of the recent economic recession. Indications are that the adoption of the low-cost and even free (in some cases) cloud computing solutions could bring about large scale adoption of new technology by higher education institutions. This chapter provides an overview of cloud computing, explores the challenges around cloud computing, details the significant benefits that it can bring to higher education, and discusses how organizations could harness cloud services to significantly reduce capital and maintenance costs on educational technology and to enhance its scalability, accessibility, and flexibility. The chapter further recommends the use of hybrid cloud deployment to achieve a balance between risks and benefits of this new computing paradigm.

scholarly journals Commercial Vegetable Farming: An Approach for Poverty Reduction in Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 92-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhimsen Gurung ◽  
R B Thapa ◽  
D M Gautam ◽  
K B Karki ◽  
P P Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vegetable Farming ◽  
Adoption Of New Technology ◽  
Hired Labor ◽  
Vegetable Cultivation

Poverty reduction of farmers from Kapilbastu and Kaski districts were evaluated with respect to the vegetable farming where PRISM (Prosperity Realization through Irrigation and Smallholder Markets) technology was implemented. After the implementation of PRISM there has been considerable increase in vegetable farming area in both districts. Numbers of vegetable crops grown were increased with respect to yield and net return from both the winter and summer vegetables. With the opening of organized markets and large scale increase in income, farmers were attracted towards vegetable cultivation that provided wide range of vegetables for consumers as well. Earlier farmers cultivated vegetables only when there would be fallow land after the harvest of main season cereal crops while after the adoption of new technology farmers grew vegetables all the yearround. Among the popular vegetables during summer was cucumber in the hills and okra in the Terai covering more land than other vegetables crops in the study area. These cropshelp farmers achieve net return of NRs.25240.6 and from NRs. 20425.4 per Ropani in Kaski and Kapilbastu, respectively. Land area under vegetables crops were increased by 6 times in Kaski and 12 times in Kapilbastu. This increase in net return has been found as a result of creating better marketing system developed by the activity of the PRISM. Similarly, involvement of household in summer season vegetable was not enough and farmers hired labor for commercial vegetables cultivation.Agronomy Journal of Nepal (Agron JN), Vol.4, 2016, page: 92-106

Trends in Kenyan Agriculture in Relation to Employment

1973 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-403
Author(s):  
G. D. Gwyer
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Regional Disparities ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Adoption Of New Technology ◽  
Employment Trends ◽  
Farm Structures ◽  
Access To Knowledge ◽  
Unemployment Problem ◽  
Differential Access

THE objective of this article is to contribute to our understanding of the unemployment problem in Kenya through an analysis of trends in employment in both large- and small-scale agriculture. First, the major movements that have been occurring within agriculture are described, and the importance of investment in education is emphasised to explain movements out of this sector. Secondly, the effects of past government programmes on the employment capacity of small-scale agriculture are related to still outstanding problems of regional disparities resulting from differential access to knowledge, finance, and material inputs. Lastly, employment trends in large-scale agriculture are compared and related to the adoption of new technology and changing farm structures.

scholarly journals Adoption Lag Minimization for Increasing Rice Yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-88
Author(s):  
B Karmakar ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
MAA Mamun ◽  
MC Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Promising Technology ◽  
Rapid Dissemination

Sustainable adoption of promising technology leads to increase yield and productivity of rice significantly. Yield gap reduction through minimization of adoption cycle of rice technologies is essential to increase food security of Bangladesh. Adoption of promising rice variety required 16±3 years to reach its adoption peak at farm level following the existing dissemination protocol. The specific objective is to find out the ways and means to curtail adoption lag of variety, management practices and rice based technologies for sustainable food security of Bangladesh. The study is accomplished accordingly by reviewing previous works completed on technology adoption; calculation and estimation of future seed demand and supply. Our findings reveal that the average yield gap between actual farm yield and potential farm yield is 20.7%. Seed retention and motivated farmers estimated from the frontline demonstrations of BRRI were 18 and 20%, respectively. Sufficient amounts (128 kg/variety) of breeder seed need to be produced by the concerned research organizations concurrently the variety release process. The seed will be used to execute action plan by setting up 64 adaptive trials (AT) in 64 districts to select location specific suitable variety(s) for rapid dissemination. In the 2nd and 3rd years, 256 kg quality seeds per variety will be required to conduct 128 AT/SPDP in 64 districts. The seed of farmers’ chosen variety(s) will be collected, stored, and marketed by the local seed producer or farmers group; and they will provide this information to the extension organization and BRRI. At least 10 to 20% seed selling information will be checked by the concerned scientist of BRRI every year and total seed selling data will be calibrated based on the checked data. Similarly, the next two years’ trial data will be collected from conducted trials and associated seed producer/dealer/farmers’ club/groups. Then, the concerned research institute will be able to provide a projection of diffusion rate and demand of newly released variety(s) compiling three years data. Based on the authentic reports, the concerned organizations will conduct block, frontline and follow-up demonstrations in collaboration with all the stakeholders. Action plan of research and extension; large scale frontline demonstration of the selected variety(s) with more stakeholders followed by field day, training, and workshop would be the key drivers for effective and sustainable dissemination of technology lead to reduce adoption lag effectively. Combined initiatives and integrated approaches need to be taken nationally to execute the adoption lag minimization plans and model for rapid dissemination of promising technology to doubling the rice productivity. Therefore, popularization and adoption of new technology would be possible within five to seven years instead of 16±3 years. Bangladesh Rice J. 25 (1) : 75-88, 2021

Sustainable Production of Honeydew and Muskmelon in Western Mexico

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 495d-495
Author(s):  
J. Farias-Larios ◽  
A. Michel-Rosales
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
First Results ◽  
Legume Cover Crop ◽  
Banana Leaves ◽  
Research Show

In Western Mexico, melon production depends on high-input systems to maximize yield and product quality. Tillage, plasticulture, fumigation with methyl bromide, and fertigation, are the principal management practices in these systems. However, at present several problems has been found: pests as sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius), aphids (Myzus and Aphis), leafminer (Liryomiza sativae); diseases as Fusarium, Verticilium, and Pseudoperenospora, and weeds demand high pesticide utilization and labor. There is a growing demand for alternative cultural practices, with an emphasis on reducing off-farm input labor and chemicals. Our research is based on use of organic mulches, such as: rice straw, mature maize leaves, banana leaves, sugarcane bagasse, coconut leaves, and living mulches with annual legume cover crop in melons with crop rotation, such as: Canavalia, Stilozobium, Crotalaria, and Clitoria species. Also, inoculations with mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi for honeydew and cantaloupe melon seedlings production are been assayed in greenhouse conditions for a transplant system. The use of life barriers with sorghum, marigold, and other aromatic native plants in conjunction with a colored yellow systems traps for monitoring pests is being studied as well. While that the pest control is based in commercial formulations of Beauveria bassiana for biological control. The first results of this research show that the Glomus intraradices, G. fasciculatum, G. etunicatum, and G. mosseae reached 38.5%, 33.5%, 27.0%, and 31.0% of root infection levels, respectively. Honeydew melons production with rice and corn straw mulches shows an beneficial effect with 113.30 and 111.20 kg/plot of 10 m2 compared with bare soil with 100.20 kg. The proposed system likely also lowers production cost and is applicable to small- and large-scale melon production.

Large-Scale Application of Biofiltration Swale Runoff Management Practices

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Check Dams ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
Hydrologic Responses

Retaining rainfall where it lands is a fundamental benefit of Low Impact Development (LID). The Delaware Urban Runoff Management Model (DURMM) was developed to address the benefits of LID design. DURMM explicitly addresses the benefits of impervious area disconnection as well as swale flow routing that responds to flow retardance changes. Biofiltration swales are an effective LID BMP for treating urban runoff. By adding check dams, the detention storage provided can also reduce peak rates. This presentation explores how the DURMM runoff reduction approach can be integrated with detention routing procedures to project runoff volume and peak flow reductions provided by BMP facilities. This approach has been applied to a 1,200 unit project on 360 hectares located in Delaware, USA. Over 5 km of biofiltration swales have been designed, many of which have stone check dams placed every 30 to 35 meters to provide detention storage. The engineering involved in the design of such facilities uses hydrologic modeling based upon TR-20 routines, as adapted by the DURMM model. The hydraulic approach includes routing of flows through the check dams. This presentation summarizes the hydrological network, presents the hydrologic responses, along with selected hydrographs to demonstrate the potential of design approach.

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