Hydraulic method for the safe water burial of dumpsites

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 357-364
Author(s):  
A. E. Smoldyrev
Keyword(s):  
Safe Water ◽  
Hydraulic Method

APPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE WATER-CONSERVATING MATERIALS IN BARLEY AGROTECHNOLOGY IN THE BSR

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
A.L. Lukin ◽  
◽  
O.B. Maraeva ◽  
V.A. Kuznetsov ◽  
V.F. Selemenev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safe Water ◽  
Environmentally Safe

Water Quality of Swimming Pools in Jerusalem

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lerman ◽  
O. Lev ◽  
A. Adin ◽  
E. Katzenelson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Indicator Microorganisms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Indirect Information

The Israel Ministry of Health is now revising its regulations for the assurance of safe water quality in public swimming pools. Since it is not possible to monitor each of the pathogenic microorganisms, it is often recommended to monitor indicator bacteria which provide indirect information on the water quality in the swimming pool. Three indicator microorganisms are often recommended: coliform counts (total coliforms, fecal coliforms or E. Coli), staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. A four year survey of the water quality of swimming pools in the Jerusalem District was conducted in order to determine whether the monitoring of all three indicators is necessary to assure safe water quality or is it sufficient to monitor only a single microorganism. A statistical analysis, conducted by using several different statistical techniques, reveals that the populations of the three indicator organisms are significantly interdependent but the correlations between each pair of these indicators are not sufficient to base a prediction of any of the organisms based on the measurements of the others. Therefore, it is concluded that monitoring of all three indicators should be recommended in order to provide an adequate picture of the water quality in swimming pools.

The Hydraulic Method of Excavating the Root Systems of Plants

Ecology ◽  
1938 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Stoeckeler ◽  
W. A. Kluender
Keyword(s):  
Root Systems ◽  
Hydraulic Method

High performance self-heated membrane distillation system for energy efficient desalination process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Song Hung ◽  
Subrahmanya T M ◽  
Po Ting Lin ◽  
Yu-Hsuan Chiao ◽  
Januar Widakdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Distillation System

Membrane distillation (MD) based desalination process is thought to be a promising strategy to address global challenges such as safe water-energy crisis and environmental pollution. Here, we demonstrate a novel...

scholarly journals Exploration of the safe water content and activity control points for medicinal and edible lotus seeds from mildew

AMB Express ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Liao ◽  
Chaonan Sun ◽  
Fang Wei ◽  
Lidong Zhou ◽  
Weijun Kong
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Safe Water

Prevalence and clustering of diarrhoea within households in India: some evidence from NFHS-4, 2015–16

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bevin Vijayan ◽  
Mala Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

AbstractDiarrhoeal disease is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in children and is usually measured at individual level. Shared household attributes, such as improved water supply and sanitation, expose those living in the same household to these same risk factors for diarrhoea. The occurrence of diarrhoea in two or more children in the same household is termed ‘diarrhoea clustering’. The aim of this study was to examine the role of improved water supply and sanitation in the occurrence of diarrhoea, and the clustering of diarrhoea in households, among under-five children in India. Data were taken from the fourth round of the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-4), a nationally representative survey which interviewed 699,686 women from 601,509 households in the country. If any child was reported to have diarrhoea in a household in the 2 weeks preceding the survey, the household was designated a diarrhoeal household. Household clustering of diarrhoea was defined the occurrence of diarrhoea in more than one child in households with two or more children. The analysis was done at the household level separately for diarrhoeal households and clustering of diarrhoea in households. The presence of clustering was tested using a chi-squared test. The overall prevalences of diarrhoea and clustering of diarrhoea were examined using exogenous variables. Odds ratios, standardized to allow comparison across categories, were computed. The household prevalence of diarrhoea was 12% and that of clustering of diarrhoea was 2.4%. About 6.5% of households contributed 12.6% of the total diarrhoeal cases. Access to safe water and sanitation was shown to have a great impact on reducing diarrhoeal prevalence and clustering across different household groups. Safe water alone had a greater impact on reducing the prevalence in the absence of improved sanitation when compared with the presence of improved sanitation. It may be possible to reduce the prevalence of diarrhoea in households by targeting those households with more than one child in the under-five age group with the provision of safe water and improved sanitation.

scholarly journals Faecal contamination of drinking water during collection and household storage: the need to extend protection to the point of use

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Clasen ◽  
Andrew Bastable
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Faecal Contamination ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Female Head ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
And Storage

Paired water samples were collected and analysed for thermotolerant coliforms (TTC) from 20 sources (17 developed or rehabilitated by Oxfam and 3 others) and from the stored household water supplies of 100 households (5 from each source) in 13 towns and villages in the Kailahun District of Sierra Leone. In addition, the female head of the 85 households drawing water from Oxfam improved sources was interviewed and information recorded on demographics, hygiene instruction and practices, sanitation facilities and water collection and storage practices. At the non-improved sources, the arithmetic mean TTC load was 407/100 ml at the point of distribution, rising to a mean count of 882/100 ml at the household level. Water from the improved sources met WHO guidelines, with no faecal contamination. At the household level, however, even this safe water was subject to frequent and extensive faecal contamination; 92.9% of stored household samples contained some level of TTC, 76.5% contained more than the 10 TTC per 100 ml threshold set by the Sphere Project for emergency conditions. The arithmetic mean TTC count for all samples from the sampled households was 244 TTC per 100 ml (geometric mean was 77). These results are consistent with other studies that demonstrate substantial levels of faecal contamination of even safe water during collection, storage and access in the home. They point to the need to extend drinking water quality beyond the point of distribution to the point of consumption. The options for such extended protection, including improved collection and storage methods and household-based water treatment, are discussed.

Remediation of inorganic arsenic in groundwater for safe water supply: A critical assessment of technological solutions

Chemosphere ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Mondal ◽  
Subhamoy Bhowmick ◽  
Debashis Chatterjee ◽  
Alberto Figoli ◽  
Bart Van der Bruggen
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Arsenic In Groundwater
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