scholarly journals Thermal relic of self-interacting dark matter with retarded decay of mediator

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhu ◽  
Murat Abdughani
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Bound State ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
Temperature Evolution ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Sommerfeld Enhancement ◽  
Freeze Out

Abstract The existence of a light mediator is beneficial to some phenomena in astroparticle physics, such as the core-cusp problem and diversity problem. It can decouple from Standard Model to avoid direct detection constraints, generally realized by retard decay of the mediator. Their out-of-equilibrium decay process changes the dark matter (DM) freeze-out via temperature discrepancy. This type of hidden sector (HS) typically requires a precision calculation of the freeze-out process considering HS temperature evolution and the thermal average of the cross-section. If the mediator is light sufficiently, we can not ignore the s-wave radiative bound state formation process from the perspective of CMB ionization and Sommerfeld enhancement. We put large mass splitting between DM and mediator, different temperature evolution on the same theoretical footing, discussing the implication for DM relic density in this HS. We study this model and illustrate its property by considering the general Higgs-portal dark matter scenario, which includes all the relevant constraints and signals. It shows that the combination of BBN and CMB constraint favors the not-too-hot HS, rinf< 102, for the positive cubic interaction of mediator scenario. On the other hand, the negative cubic interaction is ruled out except for our proposed blind spot scenario.

scholarly journals Review of strongly-coupled composite dark matter models and lattice simulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (22) ◽  
pp. 1643004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham D. Kribs ◽  
Ethan T. Neil
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Bound State ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Abelian Gauge ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Abelian Gauge Theory ◽  
Lattice Calculations ◽  
Composite Description

We review models of new physics in which dark matter arises as a composite bound state from a confining strongly-coupled non-Abelian gauge theory. We discuss several qualitatively distinct classes of composite candidates, including dark mesons, dark baryons, and dark glueballs. We highlight some of the promising strategies for direct detection, especially through dark moments, using the symmetries and properties of the composite description to identify the operators that dominate the interactions of dark matter with matter, as well as dark matter self-interactions. We briefly discuss the implications of these theories at colliders, especially the (potentially novel) phenomenology of dark mesons in various regimes of the models. Throughout the review, we highlight the use of lattice calculations in the study of these strongly-coupled theories, to obtain precise quantitative predictions and new insights into the dynamics.

scholarly journals A complete effective field theory for dark matter

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Criado ◽  
Abdelhak Djouadi ◽  
Manuel Pérez-Victoria ◽  
José Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Effective Field Theory ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Set Constraints ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analytical Expressions

Abstract We present an effective field theory describing the relevant interactions of the Standard Model with an electrically neutral particle that can account for the dark matter in the Universe. The possible mediators of these interactions are assumed to be heavy. The dark matter candidates that we consider have spin 0, 1/2 or 1, belong to an electroweak multiplet with arbitrary isospin and hypercharge and their stability at cosmological scales is guaranteed by imposing a ℤ2 symmetry. We present the most general framework for describing the interaction of the dark matter with standard particles, and construct a general non-redundant basis of the gauge-invariant operators up to dimension six. The basis includes multiplets with non-vanishing hypercharge, which can also be viable DM candidates. We give two examples illustrating the phenomenological use of such a general effective framework. First, we consider the case of a scalar singlet, provide convenient semi-analytical expressions for the relevant dark matter observables, use present experimental data to set constraints on the Wilson coefficients of the operators, and show how the interplay of different operators can open new allowed windows in the parameter space of the model. Then we study the case of a lepton isodoublet, which involves coannihilation processes, and we discuss the impact of the operators on the particle mass splitting and direct detection cross sections. These examples highlight the importance of the contribution of the various non-renormalizable operators, which can even dominate over the gauge interactions in certain cases.

scholarly journals Collider probes of real triplet scalar dark matter

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Wei Chiang ◽  
Giovanna Cottin ◽  
Yong Du ◽  
Kaori Fuyuto ◽  
Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Soft Pion ◽  
Dark Matter Relic Density ◽  
Pile Up ◽  
Higgs Portal ◽  
Scalar Sector

Abstract We study discovery prospects for a real triplet extension of the Standard Model scalar sector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and a possible future 100 TeV pp collider. We focus on the scenario in which the neutral triplet scalar is stable and contributes to the dark matter relic density. When produced in pp collisions, the charged triplet scalar decays to the neutral component plus a soft pion or soft lepton pair, yielding a disappearing charged track in the detector. We recast current 13 TeV LHC searches for disappearing tracks, and find that the LHC presently excludes a real triplet scalar lighter than 248 (275) GeV, for a mass splitting of 172 (160) MeV with ℒ = 36 fb−1. The reach can extend to 497 (520) GeV with the collection of 3000 fb−1. We extrapolate the 13 TeV analysis to a prospective 100 TeV pp collider, and find that a ∼ 3 TeV triplet scalar could be discoverable with ℒ = 30 ab−1, depending on the degree to which pile up effects are under control. We also investigate the dark matter candidate in our model and corresponding present and prospective constraints from dark matter direct detection. We find that currently XENON1T can exclude a real triplet dark matter lighter than ∼ 3 TeV for a Higgs portal coupling of order one or larger, and the future XENON20T will cover almost the entire dark matter viable parameter space except for vanishingly small portal coupling.

scholarly journals Mass spectrum and strong decays of tetraquark $${\bar{c}}{\bar{s}} qq$$ states

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Juan Wang ◽  
Lu Meng ◽  
Li-Ye Xiao ◽  
Makoto Oka ◽  
Shi-Lin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrum ◽  
Hyperfine Interactions ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Tetraquark State ◽  
Strong Decay ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Different Color ◽  
Partner State

AbstractWe systematically study the mass spectrum and strong decays of the S-wave $${\bar{c}}{\bar{s}} q q$$ c ¯ s ¯ q q states in the compact tetraquark scenario with the quark model. The key ingredients of the model are the Coulomb, the linear confinement, and the hyperfine interactions. The hyperfine potential leads to the mixing between different color configurations, and to the large mass splitting between the two ground states with $$I(J^P)=0(0^+)$$ I ( J P ) = 0 ( 0 + ) and $$I(J^P)=1(0^+)$$ I ( J P ) = 1 ( 0 + ) . We calculate their strong decay amplitudes into the $${\bar{D}}^{(*)}K^{(*)}$$ D ¯ ( ∗ ) K ( ∗ ) channels with the wave functions from the mass spectrum calculation and the quark-interchange method. We examine the interpretation of the recently observed $$X_0(2900)$$ X 0 ( 2900 ) as a tetraquark state. The mass and decay width of the $$I(J^P)=1(0^+)$$ I ( J P ) = 1 ( 0 + ) state are $$M=2941$$ M = 2941 MeV and $$\Gamma _X=26.6$$ Γ X = 26.6 MeV, respectively, which indicates that it might be a good candidate for $$X_0(2900)$$ X 0 ( 2900 ) . Meanwhile, we also obtain an isospin partner state $$I(J^P)=0(0^+)$$ I ( J P ) = 0 ( 0 + ) with $$M=2649$$ M = 2649 MeV and $$\Gamma _{X\rightarrow {\bar{D}} K}=48.1$$ Γ X → D ¯ K = 48.1 MeV, respectively. Future experimental search for X(2649) will be very helpful.

scholarly journals Exploring new physics with O(keV) electron recoils in direct detection experiments

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Itay M. Bloch ◽  
Andrea Caputo ◽  
Rouven Essig ◽  
Diego Redigolo ◽  
Mukul Sholapurkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Monte Carlo Analysis ◽  
Small Mass ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Dark Matter Mass

Abstract Motivated by the recent XENON1T results, we explore various new physics models that can be discovered through searches for electron recoils in $$ \mathcal{O} $$ O (keV)-threshold direct-detection experiments. First, we consider the absorption of axion-like particles, dark photons, and scalars, either as dark matter relics or being produced directly in the Sun. In the latter case, we find that keV mass bosons produced in the Sun provide an adequate fit to the data but are excluded by stellar cooling constraints. We address this tension by introducing a novel Chameleon-like axion model, which can explain the excess while evading the stellar bounds. We find that absorption of bosonic dark matter provides a viable explanation for the excess only if the dark matter is a dark photon or an axion. In the latter case, photophobic axion couplings are necessary to avoid X-ray constraints. Second, we analyze models of dark matter-electron scattering to determine which models might explain the excess. Standard scattering of dark matter with electrons is generically in conflict with data from lower-threshold experiments. Momentum-dependent interactions with a heavy mediator can fit the data with dark matter mass heavier than a GeV but are generically in tension with collider constraints. Next, we consider dark matter consisting of two (or more) states that have a small mass splitting. The exothermic (down)scattering of the heavier state to the lighter state can fit the data for keV mass splittings. Finally, we consider a subcomponent of dark matter that is accelerated by scattering off cosmic rays, finding that dark matter interacting though an $$ \mathcal{O} $$ O (100 keV)-mass mediator can fit the data. The cross sections required in this scenario are, however, typically challenged by complementary probes of the light mediator. Throughout our study, we implement an unbinned Monte Carlo analysis and use an improved energy reconstruction of the XENON1T events.

scholarly journals Halo-independent tests of dark matter direct detection signals: local DM density, LHC, and thermal freeze-out

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (08) ◽  
pp. 039-039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattias Blennow ◽  
Juan Herrero-Garcia ◽  
Thomas Schwetz ◽  
Stefan Vogl
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Freeze Out

scholarly journals Closing the window on WIMP Dark Matter

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Bottaro ◽  
Dario Buttazzo ◽  
Marco Costa ◽  
Roberto Franceschini ◽  
Paolo Panci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gauge Boson ◽  
Bound States ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Boson Exchange ◽  
Future Collider ◽  
Sommerfeld Enhancement ◽  
The Masses

AbstractWe study scenarios where Dark Matter is a weakly interacting particle (WIMP) embedded in an ElectroWeak multiplet. In particular, we consider real SU(2) representations with zero hypercharge, that automatically avoid direct detection constraints from tree-level Z-exchange. We compute for the first time all the calculable thermal masses for scalar and fermionic WIMPs, including Sommerfeld enhancement and bound states formation at leading order in gauge boson exchange and emission. WIMP masses of few hundred TeV are shown to be compatible both with s-wave unitarity of the annihilation cross-section, and perturbativity. We also provide theory uncertainties on the masses for all multiplets, which are shown to be significant for large SU(2) multiplets. We then outline a strategy to probe these scenarios at future experiments. Electroweak 3-plets and 5-plets have masses up to about 16 TeV and can efficiently be probed at a high energy muon collider. We study various experimental signatures, such as single and double gauge boson emission with missing energy, and disappearing tracks, and determine the collider energy and luminosity required to probe the thermal Dark Matter masses. Larger multiplets are out of reach of any realistic future collider, but can be tested in future $$\gamma $$ γ -ray telescopes and possibly in large-exposure liquid Xenon experiments.

scholarly journals When freeze-out occurs due to a non-Boltzmann suppression: a study of degenerate dark sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirban Biswas ◽  
Sougata Ganguly ◽  
Sourov Roy
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Atmospheric Neutrino ◽  
Radioactive Decay ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Dark Sector ◽  
Dark Matter Annihilation ◽  
Cascade Processes ◽  
Chemical Imbalance ◽  
Freeze Out

Abstract Exponential suppression or commonly known as the Boltzmann suppression in the number density of dark matter is the key ingredient for creating chemical imbalance prior to the usual thermal freeze-out. A degenerate/quasi-degenerate dark sector can experience a different exponential suppression in the number density analogous to the radioactive decay law leading to a delayed freeze-out mechanism of dark matter known as the co-decaying dark matter. In this work, we study the dynamics of a multicomponent dark matter from thermally decoupled degenerate dark sector in a hidden U(1)X extension of the Standard Model. We compute the relic density of dark matter frozen-out through the co-decaying mechanism by solving four coupled Boltzmann equations. We demonstrate how temperature T′ of the dark sector changes due to all types of 3 → 2 and 2 → 2 interactions along with the eternal expansion of the Universe. We find that 3 → 2 interactions enhance T′ by producing energetic particles in the dark sector while the excess heat is transferred by 2 → 2 interactions to the entire dark sector. As the direct detection is possible only through the feeble portal couplings, we investigate the neutrino and γ-ray signals from dark matter annihilation via one step cascade processes and compare our results with the measured fluxes of atmospheric neutrinos by Super-Kamiokande and diffuse γ-rays by Fermi-LAT, EGRET, INTEGRAL collaborations. We find that the present scenario easily evades all the existing bounds from atmospheric neutrino and diffuse γ-ray observations for degenerate dark sector. However, the constraints are significant for quasi degenerate scenario.

scholarly journals Probing the explanation of the muon (g-2) anomaly and thermal light dark matter with the semi-visible dark photon channel

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cazzaniga ◽  
P. Odagiu ◽  
E. Depero ◽  
L. Molina Bueno ◽  
Yu. M. Andreev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Vector Boson ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Mass Splitting ◽  
Dark Photon ◽  
Dark Matter Relic Density ◽  
Relic Abundance ◽  
Pseudo Scalar

AbstractWe report the results of a search for a new vector boson ($$ A'$$ A ′ ) decaying into two dark matter particles $$\chi _1 \chi _2$$ χ 1 χ 2 of different mass. The heavier $$\chi _2$$ χ 2 particle subsequently decays to $$\chi _1$$ χ 1 and an off-shell Dark Photon $$ A'^* \rightarrow e^+e^-$$ A ′ ∗ → e + e - . For a sufficiently large mass splitting, this model can explain in terms of new physics the recently confirmed discrepancy observed in the muon anomalous magnetic moment at Fermilab. Remarkably, it also predicts the observed yield of thermal dark matter relic abundance. A detailed Monte-Carlo simulation was used to determine the signal yield and detection efficiency for this channel in the NA64 setup. The results were obtained re-analyzing the previous NA64 searches for an invisible decay $$A'\rightarrow \chi \overline{\chi }$$ A ′ → χ χ ¯ and axion-like or pseudo-scalar particles $$a \rightarrow \gamma \gamma $$ a → γ γ . With this method, we exclude a significant portion of the parameter space justifying the muon g-2 anomaly and being compatible with the observed dark matter relic density for $$A'$$ A ′ masses from 2$$m_e$$ m e up to 390 MeV and mixing parameter $$\varepsilon $$ ε between $$3\times 10^{-5}$$ 3 × 10 - 5 and $$2\times 10^{-2}$$ 2 × 10 - 2 .

scholarly journals Observable signatures of scotogenic Dirac model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Yuan Guo ◽  
Zhi-Long Han
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Mass Region ◽  
Dirac Fermion ◽  
Dark Matter Candidate ◽  
Dirac Fermions ◽  
Charged Scalar ◽  
Yukawa Couplings ◽  
Relic Density

Abstract In this work, we make a detailed discussion on the phenomenology of the scotogenic Dirac model, which could accommodate the Dirac neutrino mass and dark matter. We have studied the lepton-flavor-violating (LFV) processes in this model, which are mediated by the charged scalar ϕ± and heavy Dirac fermions Ni. The experimental bounds, especially given by decays μ → eγ and μ → 3e, have put severe constraints on the Yukawa couplings yΦ and masses mN1, mϕ. We select the heavy Dirac fermion N1 as dark matter candidate and find the correct relic density will be reached basically by annihilating through another Yukawa coupling yχ. After satisfying LFV and dark matter relic density constraints, we consider the indirect detections of dark matter annihilating into leptons. But the constraints are relatively loose, only the τ+τ− channel can impose a mild excluding capability. Then we make a detailed discussion on the dark matter direct detections. Although two Yukawa couplings can both contribute to the direct detection processes, more attention has been paid on the yΦ-related processes as the yχ-related process is bounded loosely. The current and future direct detection experiments have been used to set constraints on the Yukawa couplings and masses. The current direct detections bounds are relatively loose and can barely exclude more parameter region beyond the LFV. For the future direct detection experiments, the excluding capacities can be improved due to larger exposures. The detecting capabilities in the large mass region have not been weakened as the existence of mass enhancement from the magnetic dipole operator $$ {\mathcal{O}}_{\mathrm{mag}.} $$ O mag . . At last, we have briefly discussed the collider signal searching in this model, the most promising signature is pair produced ϕ+ϕ− and decay into the signal of ℓ+ℓ− + ɆT. The exclusion limits from collider on mN1 and mϕ have provided a complementary detecting capability compared to the LFV and dark matter detections.

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