scholarly journals Adverse perinatal outcomes among children in Switzerland: the impact of national origin and socio-economic group

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1613-1621
Author(s):  
Philippe Wanner
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Extreme Prematurity ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
Swiss Population ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives We examined the effect of the mother’s origin and socio-economic characteristics on adverse perinatal outcomes in Switzerland. Methods Births occurring from 2011 to 2017 were identified in the Swiss population register and merged with the Swiss civil register and the Register of the first pillar to obtain information on the migration origin and socio-economic level. Four indicators of adverse perinatal outcomes were defined. Results Logistic regressions show that both the migration origin and the socio-economic level are measured by the parents’ income, influence risk. Compared to the children of mothers born in Switzerland, those of mothers from EU/EFTA countries have a lower risk of infant mortality, low birth weight and extreme prematurity. The highest risk is observed for children born to mothers from the rest of the world. High levels of risk consistently characterize children with low-income parents (first decile). Conclusions Our results justify further investigations at the level of health services to better identify the factors causing differences in the prevalence of adverse outcomes and to take them into account in adapted health policies.

Comparison of adverse perinatal outcomes after single-needle and double-needle CVS techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cenk Gezer ◽  
Atalay Ekin ◽  
Gokhan Goynumer ◽  
Kaan Pakay ◽  
Hicran Acar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Risk ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Needle Technique ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Chorion Villus ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjective:To determine the impact of the chorion villus sampling (CVS) technique on adverse perinatal outcomes.Methods:In this case-control study, 412 women who underwent CVS at 11–14 weeks of gestation and 231 women who did not undergo any invasive procedure were retrospectively evaluated. The women in the CVS group were further divided into two groups according to the use of single-needle technique (n=148) vs. double-needle technique (n=264). The adverse outcomes were compared between controls and the two CVS groups, and regression analysis was used to determine the significance of independent contribution.Results:The rate of preeclampsia for the control group was 2.2%, for the double-needle group was 3% and for the single-needle group was 8.1%. CVS with single-needle technique was found to be an independent and statistically significant risk factor for preeclampsia [odds ratio (OR)=2.1, 95% confidence interval (CI); 1.4–2.7, P=0.008].Conclusion:The risk of preeclampsia after CVS appears to be increased with single-needle technique compared with double-needle technique.

scholarly journals Ambient and household PM2.5 pollution and adverse perinatal outcomes: A meta-regression and analysis of attributable global burden for 204 countries and territories

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. e1003718
Author(s):  
Rakesh Ghosh ◽  
Kate Causey ◽  
Katrin Burkart ◽  
Sara Wozniak ◽  
Aaron Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Ambient Exposure ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Background Particulate matter <2.5 micrometer (PM2.5) is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, but the impact on disease burden mediated by this pathway has not previously been included in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD), Mortality, Injuries, and Risk Factors studies. We estimated the global burden of low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB) and impacts on reduced birth weight and gestational age (GA), attributable to ambient and household PM2.5 pollution in 2019. Methods and findings We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for peer-reviewed articles in English. Study quality was assessed using 2 tools: (1) Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality checklist; and (2) National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) risk of bias questions. We conducted a meta-regression (MR) to quantify the risk of PM2.5 on birth weight and GA. The MR, based on a systematic review (SR) of articles published through April 4, 2021, and resulting uncertainty intervals (UIs) accounted for unexplained between-study heterogeneity. Separate nonlinear relationships relating exposure to risk were generated for each outcome and applied in the burden estimation. The MR included 44, 40, and 40 birth weight, LBW, and PTB studies, respectively. Majority of the studies were of retrospective cohort design and primarily from North America, Europe, and Australia. A few recent studies were from China, India, sub-Saharan Africa, and South America. Pooled estimates indicated 22 grams (95% UI: 12, 32) lower birth weight, 11% greater risk of LBW (1.11, 95% UI: 1.07, 1.16), and 12% greater risk of PTB (1.12, 95% UI: 1.06, 1.19), per 10 μg/m3 increment in ambient PM2.5. We estimated a global population–weighted mean lowering of 89 grams (95% UI: 88, 89) of birth weight and 3.4 weeks (95% UI: 3.4, 3.4) of GA in 2019, attributable to total PM2.5. Globally, an estimated 15.6% (95% UI: 15.6, 15.7) of all LBW and 35.7% (95% UI: 35.6, 35.9) of all PTB infants were attributable to total PM2.5, equivalent to 2,761,720 (95% UI: 2,746,713 to 2,776,722) and 5,870,103 (95% UI: 5,848,046 to 5,892,166) infants in 2019, respectively. About one-third of the total PM2.5 burden for LBW and PTB could be attributable to ambient exposure, with household air pollution (HAP) dominating in low-income countries. The findings should be viewed in light of some limitations such as heterogeneity between studies including size, exposure levels, exposure assessment method, and adjustment for confounding. Furthermore, studies did not separate the direct effect of PM2.5 on birth weight from that mediated through GA. As a consequence, the pooled risk estimates in the MR and likewise the global burden may have been underestimated. Conclusions Ambient and household PM2.5 were associated with reduced birth weight and GA, which are, in turn, associated with neonatal and infant mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.

scholarly journals Inequality, policy polarization and the income gap in turnout

2021 ◽  
pp. 135406882110119
Author(s):  
Matthew Polacko
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Previous research into the relationship between income inequality and turnout inequality has produced mixed results, as consensus is lacking whether inequality reduces turnout for all income groups, low-income earners, or no one. Therefore, this paper builds on this literature by introducing supply-side logic, through the first individual-level test of the impact that income inequality (moderated by policy manifesto positions) has on turnout. It does so through multilevel logistic regressions utilizing mixed effects, on a sample of 30 advanced democracies in 102 elections from 1996 to 2016. It finds that higher levels of income inequality significantly reduce turnout and widen the turnout gap between rich and poor. However, it also finds that when party systems are more polarized, low-income earners are mobilized the greatest extent coupled with higher inequality, resulting in a significantly reduced income gap in turnout. The findings magnify the negative impacts income inequality can exert on political behavior and contribute to the study of policy offerings as a key moderating mechanism in the relationship.

scholarly journals Fetal movement counting is associated with the reduction of delayed maternal reaction after perceiving decreased fetal movements: a prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeki Koshida ◽  
Shinsuke Tokoro ◽  
Daisuke Katsura ◽  
Shunichiro Tsuji ◽  
Takashi Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Movement ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Fetal Movements ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maternal Reaction

AbstractMaternal perception of decreased fetal movement is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Although there have been several studies on interventions related to the fetal movements count, most focused on adverse perinatal outcomes, and little is known about the impact of the fetal movement count on maternal behavior after the perception of decreased fetal movement. We investigated the impact of the daily fetal movement count on maternal behavior after the perception of decreased fetal movement and on the stillbirth rate in this prospective population-based study. Pregnant women in Shiga prefecture of Japan were asked to count the time of 10 fetal movements from 34 weeks of gestation. We analyzed 101 stillbirths after the intervention compared to 121 stillbirths before the intervention. In multivariable analysis, maternal delayed visit to a health care provider after the perception of decreased fetal movement significantly reduced after the intervention (aOR 0.31, 95% CI 0.11–0.83). Our regional stillbirth rates in the pre-intervention and post-intervention periods were 3.06 and 2.70 per 1000 births, respectively. Informing pregnant women about the fetal movement count was associated with a reduction in delayed maternal reaction after the perception of decreased fetal movement, which might reduce stillbirths.

Placental massive perivillous fibrinoid deposition is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes: a clinicopathological study of 12 cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Maili Qi ◽  
Kenneth Tou En Chang ◽  
Derrick Wen Quan Lian ◽  
Chong Kiat Khoo ◽  
Kok Hian Tan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract Introduction: Massive perivillous fibrinoid deposition (MPFD) is a very rare placental condition characterized by abnormally extensive fibrinoid deposition in the placental villous parenchyma. The aim of this study is to document clinical and pathological features with special focus on pregnancy outcomes of this condition in consecutive cases of MPFD in our local population. Methods: This is a retrospective clinico-pathological study of cases affected by MPFD over the period January 2010–July 2014 in our hospital. We document clinical features (including perinatal outcome and subsequent pregnancies) and placental pathological characteristics. Results: Twelve cases of MPFD were identified among 3640 placentas (0.33%). There was no identified recurrence. The affected infants had adverse outcomes, including intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (75%), preterm birth (58.3%), and fetal loss (25%). A high frequency of reduced PAPP-A in the first trimester (25%), and concurrent gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia (25%) was noted. Conclusion: MPFD is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Further research to better understand its pathogenesis and to improve clinical diagnosis and management is warranted.

The Impact of Episiotomy on Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Operative Vaginal Deliveries [40J]

2020 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 113s
Author(s):  
Sarah N. Owens ◽  
Sydney Marie Thayer ◽  
Keenan Yanit ◽  
Bharti Garg ◽  
Aaron B. Caughey
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Adverse perinatal outcomes related to the delivery mode in women with monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Yamashita ◽  
Keisuke Ishii ◽  
Takako Taguchi ◽  
Aki Mabuchi ◽  
Shiyo Ota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

AbstractThe association between the planned delivery mode and adverse perinatal outcomes of monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies at ≥36 weeks’ gestation was evaluated.This retrospective cohort study included uncomplicated MCDA twin pregnancies delivered after 36 weeks’ gestation during a 10-year period. Cases were classified into the trial of labor (TOL) or cesarean section (CS) group according to the planned delivery mode. The primary outcome was a composite of adverse outcomes for at least one twin, including intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) after 36 weeks, neonatal death, umbilical artery pH<7.1, 5-min Apgar scores<7, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), or acute feto-fetal hemorrhage (AFFH). The relationship between outcomes and the planned delivery mode was evaluated using a multiple logistic regression analysis.We included the 310 pregnancies delivered after 36 weeks’ gestation. After excluding 15 patients, the final analysis included 295 MCDA pregnancies: 63% had delivered through TOL and 37% through CS. The incidences of composite adverse outcomes in the TOL and CS groups were 4.3% and 1.9%, respectively. No IUFD, neonatal death, MAS, RDS, or AFFH was observed; two infants in each group developed HIE. Adverse outcomes were not significantly associated with any risk factor, including delivery through TOL.TOL may not influence the perinatal outcomes of MCDA twin pregnancies delivered at ≥36 weeks’ gestation.

Adverse perinatal outcomes of intimate partner violence during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdorrahim Afkhamzadeh ◽  
Khaled Rahmani ◽  
Rojin Yaghubi ◽  
Mahsa Ghadrdan ◽  
Obeidollah Faraji
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Placental Abruption ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Purpose This study aims to conduct to determine the adverse perinatal outcomes of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy in Kurdistan, Iran. Design/methodology/approach In a prospective cohort study, 1,080 pregnant women were categorized into 433 and 647 women, respectively, exposed and unexposed to IPV followed by 48 h post-delivery. The values of incidence rate, relative risk and corresponding 95% confidence interval were calculated for interesting outcomes. Findings There was a statistically significant association between IPV exposure during pregnancy and perinatal mortality, pre-term birth (PTB), intra uterine growth restriction (IUGR), premature rupture of membranes (PROM), placental abruption and low birth weight (LBW). Social implications Iran is a developing country with a mosaic of different ethnicities and cultures. It seems that the less developed regions of Iran, such as Kurdistan, are also culturally different from most other regions of Iran. Based on a systematic review study, the prevalence of domestic violence is estimated to be 66% (CI 95%: 55–77) in the general population of Iran. This value was 75% (CI 95%: 56–94) in western Iran, the geographic area of the study, and higher than other parts of the country. IPV during pregnancy can result in many adverse outcomes for mothers and children. Originality/value According to the results of this study, the occurrence of prenatal mortality, PTB, IUGR, PROM, placental abruption and LBW was significantly higher in pregnant women exposed to IPV during pregnancy compared with unexposed women. Strategies such as training the skills needed for health system staff to identify female victims of violence, counseling, treatment and referral to related specialized centers are suggested.

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