scholarly journals Diurnal rhythms in the white adipose tissue transcriptome are disturbed in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes compared with lean control individuals

Diabetologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Jan Stenvers ◽  
Aldo Jongejan ◽  
Sadaf Atiqi ◽  
Jeroen P. Vreijling ◽  
Eelkje J. Limonard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Diurnal Rhythms ◽  
Lean Control

Enhanced ROS production and oxidative damage in subcutaneous white adipose tissue mitochondria in obese and type 2 diabetes subjects

2014 ◽  
Vol 399 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrittika Chattopadhyay ◽  
Vineet Kumar Khemka ◽  
Gargi Chatterjee ◽  
Anirban Ganguly ◽  
Satinath Mukhopadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue

Fatty acid recycling in adipocytes: a role for glyceroneogenesis and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1125-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Forest ◽  
J. Tordjman ◽  
M. Glorian ◽  
E. Duplus ◽  
G. Chauvet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Pathway ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase ◽  
Important Pathway ◽  
Low Activity

FA (fatty acid) recycling in adipose tissue appears to be an important pathway for regulating FA release into the blood during fasting. Re-esterification requires G3P (glycerol 3-phosphate), which cannot be synthesized from glucose because glycolysis is much reduced under such circumstances. In addition, G3P can scarcely originate from glycerol since glycerol kinase has a very low activity in white adipose tissue. It was shown about 35 years ago that a metabolic pathway named glyceroneogenesis, which allows G3P synthesis from non-carbohydrate precursors like pyruvate, lactate or amino acids, is activated during fasting. The major enzyme in this pathway was shown to be PEPCK-C [cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP); EC 4.1.1.32]. The present review analyses the mechanisms by which a series of hormones and nutrients affect PEPCK-C gene transcription and glyceroneogenesis and describes evidence for dysregulation of this pathway in type 2 diabetes.

White Adipose Tissue Surface Expression of LDLR and CD36 is Associated with Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in Adults with Obesity

Obesity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 2357-2367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Cyr ◽  
Simon Bissonnette ◽  
Valérie Lamantia ◽  
Hanny Wassef ◽  
Emmanuelle Loizon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Tissue Surface

ApoB-lipoproteins and dysfunctional white adipose tissue: Relation to risk factors for type 2 diabetes in humans

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-45.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Lamantia ◽  
Simon Bissonnette ◽  
Hanny Wassef ◽  
Yannick Cyr ◽  
Alexis Baass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Buenos Aires, June 2021 Inhibition of Mitochondrial Fission by Drp-1 Blockade by Short-Term Leptin and Mdvi-1 Treatment Improves White Adipose Tissue Abnormalities in Obesity and Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Finocchietto ◽  
Hernán Perez ◽  
Guillermo Blanco ◽  
Verónica Miksztowicz ◽  
Clarisa Marotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

Background. Obesity and type 2 diabetes are chronic diseases characterized by insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction and morphology abnormalities. Objective . Herein, we investigated if dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis is involved in an animal model of obesity and diabetes. Methods . The effect of short-term leptin and mdivi-1 –a selective inhibitor of Drp-1 fission-protein– treatment on mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis was evaluated in epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) from male ob/ob mice. Results . An increase in Drp-1 protein levels and a decrease in Mfn2 and OPA-1 protein expression were observed with enhanced and sustained mitochondrial fragmentation in ob/ob mice compared to wt C57BL/6 animals (p<0.05). The content of mitochondrial DNA and mRNA expression of PGC-1α –both parameters of mitochondrial biogenesis– were reduced in ob/ob mice (p<0.05). Leptin and mdivi-1 treatment significantly increased mitochondrial biogenesis, improved fusion-to-fission balance and attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction, thus inducing white-to-beige adipocyte transdifferentiation. Measurements of glucose and lipid oxidation in adipocytes revealed that both leptin and mdivi-1 increase substrates oxidation while in vivo determination of blood glucose concentration showed decreased levels by 50% in ob/ob mice, almost to the wt level. Conclusions. Pharmacological targeting of Drp-1 fission protein may be a potential novel therapeutic tool for obesity and type 2 diabetes.

HyperapoB and dysfunctional white adipose tissue; relation to risk factors for type 2 diabetes in humans

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Lamantia ◽  
Simon Bissonnette ◽  
Hanny Wassef ◽  
Yannick Cyr ◽  
Alexis Baass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Anti-Obesity Effects of Sargassum thunbergii via Downregulation of Adipogenesis Gene and Upregulation of Thermogenic Genes in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3325
Author(s):  
Min-Cheol Kang ◽  
Hyo-Geun Lee ◽  
Hyun-Soo Kim ◽  
Kyung-Mo Song ◽  
Yong-Gi Chun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Sargassum Thunbergii ◽  
Fat Accumulation

Obesity is a metabolic disease characterized by an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. We have previously reported that compounds isolated from brown alga, Sargassum thunbergii (ST; Sargassum thunbergii (Mertens ex Roth) Kuntze), inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. However, the in vivo anti-obesity effects of these compounds have not been previously reported. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of ST on weight loss, fat accumulation, as well as risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. ST treatment significantly decreased body weight and fat accumulation in HFD-induced obese mice, while reducing insulin and factors related to cardiovascular diseases (triglyceride and total cholesterol) in serum. ST-induced downregulation of PPARγ in white adipose tissue, and upregulation of the thermogenic genes, UCP-1 and UCP-3, in brown adipose tissue was also observed. In addition, oral administration of ST reduced the occurrence of fatty liver, as well as the amount of white adipose tissue in HFD mice. Cumulatively, these results suggest that ST exerts anti-obesity effects and may serve as a potential anti-obesity therapeutic agent.

scholarly journals Remodeling of White Adipose Tissue after Retinoic Acid Administration in Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (11) ◽  
pp. 5325-5332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Mercader ◽  
Joan Ribot ◽  
Incoronata Murano ◽  
Francisco Felipe ◽  
Saverio Cinti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Atra Treatment ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Brown Adipose

A reduced brown adipose phenotype in white adipose tissue (WAT) may contribute to obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans. Retinoic acid, the carboxylic form of vitamin A, triggers in rodents a reduction of body weight and adiposity and an increased expression of uncoupling proteins in brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. In this study, we investigated possible remodeling effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in WAT depots. Changes in the expression of genes related to thermogenesis and fatty acid oxidation and levels of phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein were analyzed in WAT depots of adult NMRI male mice acutely injected with ATRA or vehicle, together with biometric and blood parameters. Body fat loss after ATRA treatment was unaccompanied by any increase in circulating nonesterified fatty acids or ketone bodies and accompanied by increased rectal temperature. The treatment triggered an up-regulation of the mRNA levels of uncoupling proteins 1 and 2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, muscle- and liver-type carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, and subunit II of cytochrome oxidase in different WAT depots. Levels of phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein in WAT depots were increased after ATRA treatment. Adipocyte size was reduced, and the number of multilocular adipocytes was increased in inguinal WAT of ATRA-treated mice. The results indicate that ATRA favors the acquisition of brown adipose tissue-like properties in WAT. Understanding the mechanisms and effectors involved in the remodeling of WAT can contribute to new avenues of prevention and treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

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