Impacts of Cage-Culture of Oreochromis niloticus on Organic Matter Content, Fractionation and Sorption of Phosphorus, and Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in a Hypereutrophic Lake, People?s Republic of China

2004 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 927-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zhang ◽  
Y. Zhou ◽  
P. Xie ◽  
J. Xu ◽  
J. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Cage Culture ◽  
Republic Of China

Microbial and biochemical changes induced by rotation and tillage in a soil under barley production

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Angers ◽  
N. Bissonnette ◽  
A. Légère ◽  
N. Samson
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Total Organic C

Crop rotations and tillage practices can modify not only the total amount of organic matter (OM) in soils but also its composition. The objective of this study was to determine the changes in total organic C, microbial biomass C (MBC), carbohydrates and alkaline phosphatase activity induced by 4 yr of different rotation and tillage combinations on a Kamouraska clay in La Pocatière, Quebec. Two rotations (continuous barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) versus a 2-yr barley–red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) rotation) and three tillage treatments (moldboard plowing (MP), chisel plowing (CP) and no-tillage (NT)) were compared in a split-plot design. Total organic C was affected by the tillage treatments but not by the rotations. In the top soil layer (0–7.5 cm), NT and CP treatments had C contents 20% higher than the MP treatment. In the same soil layer, MBC averaged 300 mg C kg−1 in the MP treatment and up to 600 mg C kg−1 in the NT soil. Hot-water-extractable and acid-hydrolyzable carbohydrates were on average 40% greater under reduced tillage than under MP. Both carbohydrate fractions were also slightly larger in the rotation than in the soil under continuous barley. The ratios of MBC and carbohydrate C to total organic C suggested that there was a significant enrichment of the OM in labile forms as tillage intensity was reduced. Alkaline phosphatase activity was 50% higher under NT and 20% higher under CP treatments than under MP treatment and, on average, 15% larger in the rotation than in the continuous barley treatment. Overall, the management-induced differences were slightly greater in the top layer (0–7.5 cm) than in the lower layer of the Ap horizon (7.5–15 cm). All the properties measured were highly correlated with one another. They also showed significant temporal variations that were, in most cases, independent of the treatments. Four years of conservation tillage and, to a lesser extent, rotation with red clover resulted in greater OM in the top soil layer compared with the more intensive systems. This organic matter was enriched in labile forms. Key words: Soil management, soil quality, organic matter, carbohydrates, microbial biomass, phosphatase

PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY OF SOILS AS INFLUENCED BY LIME AND OTHER TREATMENTS

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Halstead
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Total Carbon Content ◽  
Mineral Soils

In laboratory incubation experiments liming with Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, or MgCO3 inhibited the phosphatase enzyme activity as measured by determination of phenol or phosphorus released from disodium phenyl phosphate. Chloride and sulphate salts of calcium and magnesium had no appreciable effect on the measured activity. Incubation for 9 months reduced the activity in a group of acid soils but not in a group of nearly neutral soils. Addition of phosphate prior to incubation had no effect on activity in either group.In buffer systems with the pH controlled over the range pH 2.0 to 11.0, activity in samples of an acid mineral soil increased gradually from pH 2.0 to a maximum at about pH 7.0, and then declined rapidly. The occurrence of peaks of optimum activity at pH 5.0 and 9.5 indicated the presence of both acid and alkaline phosphatases in an organic soil.Although there was no significant relationship between phosphatase activity and pH, clay content, nitrogen, and total carbon content of 10 mineral soils, there was a higher activity associated with higher organic matter content in three groups of soils with 3.2, 24.8, and 80.2% organic matter. Initial phosphatase activity of a group of mineral soils was not related to the degree of mineralization of organic soil phosphorus found to occur during an incubation period.

scholarly journals Soil acid phosphomonoesterase activity and phosphorus forms in ancient and post-agricultural black alder [Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.] woodlands

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Orczewska ◽  
Anna Piotrowska ◽  
Joanna Lemanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Phosphomonoesterase Activity

Black alder, an N-fixing tree is considered to accelerate the availability of phosphorus in soils due to the increased production of phosphatase enzymes, which are responsible for the P release from the litter. Acid phosphatase activity plays a pivotal role in organic P mineralization in forest soils and in making P available to plants. In order to check whether <em>Alnus glutinosa </em>stimulates acid phosphomonoesterase (PH<sub>ACID</sub>) activity, we compared enzyme activities, total P concentration (P<sub>TOT</sub>), plant-available P (P<sub>AVAIL</sub>), organic P (P<sub>ORG</sub>) and inorganic P (P<sub>INORG</sub>), and organic matter content in 27 ancient and 27 post-agricultural alder woods (the latter ones representing different age classes: 11-20, 21-40 and 41-60 years) of soil samples taken from the litter and the mineral layers. Phosphomonoesterase activity, organic matter, P<sub>TOT</sub>, P<sub>INORG</sub> and P<sub>ORG</sub> concentrations were significantly higher in ancient alder woods than in the soils of post-agricultural forests. Significant differences in the acid phosphatase activity, organic matter and P<sub>AVAIL</sub> concentration were noted between the litter and mineral layers within the same forest type. In recent stands the amount of organic matter and phosphatase activity increased significantly with the age of alder stands, although only in the mineral layer of their soils. Phosphomonoesterase activity, organic matter and P<sub>AVAIL</sub> content were higher in a litter layer and decreased significantly at a mineral depth of the soil. The acid phosphatase activity was significantly correlated with organic matter content in both ancient and recent stands. There was no significant relationship between PH<sub>ACID</sub> activity and any P forms.

HEAVY METAL SPECIATION IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE VYSHNEVOLOTSKY RESERVOIR

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
O. A. Lipatnikova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Speciation ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Manganese Hydroxides

The study of heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments of the Vyshnevolotsky water reservoir is presented in this paper. Sequential selective procedure was used to determine the heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments and thermodynamic calculation — to determine ones in interstitial water. It has been shown that Mn are mainly presented in exchangeable and carbonate forms; for Fe, Zn, Pb и Co the forms are related to iron and manganese hydroxides is played an important role; and Cu and Ni are mainly associated with organic matter. In interstitial waters the main forms of heavy metal speciation are free ions for Zn, Ni, Co and Cd, carbonate complexes for Pb, fulvate complexes for Cu. Effects of particle size and organic matter content in sediments on distribution of mobile and potentially mobile forms of toxic elements have been revealed.

LEUCOCYTE METABOLISM IN PREGNANCY

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXV (IV) ◽  
pp. 575-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Borel ◽  
J. Frei ◽  
A. Vannotti
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Glucose Consumption ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Enzymatic studies, on leucocytes of pregnant women, show an increase of the alkaline phosphatase activity and a decrease of the glucose consumption and lactate production, as well as of proteolysis. The oxygen consumption, with succinate as substrate, does not vary.

Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil Collected from Chandrabhaga River in Kalmeshwar, Nagpur, Maharashtra

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Amita M Watkar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Attributes ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Agricultural Land Management ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Soil, itself means Soul of Infinite Life. Soil is the naturally occurring unconsolidated or loose covering on the earth’s surface. Physical properties depend upon the amount, size, shape, arrangement, and mineral composition of soil particles. It also depends on the organic matter content and pore spaces. Chemical properties depend on the Inorganic and organic matter present in the soil. Soils are the essential components of the environment and foundation resources for nearly all types of land use, besides being the most important component of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, assessment of soil quality and its direction of change with time is an ideal and primary indicator of sustainable agricultural land management. Soil quality indicators refer to measurable soil attributes that influence the capacity of a soil to function, within the limits imposed by the ecosystem, to preserve biological productivity and environmental quality and promote plant, animal and human health. The present study is to assess these soil attributes such as physical and chemical properties season-wise.

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