Bioaccumulation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Fish Host-Parasite Bentho-Pelagic Food Chain in Epe Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-776
Author(s):  
Akinsanya Bamidele ◽  
Minasu Pentho Kuton ◽  
Akhiromen Dorathy Iniobong ◽  
Nwadike David Uchenna ◽  
Joseph Kayode Saliu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Host Parasite

Hazardous pollutants in the environment: Fish host-parasite interactions and bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls

2021 ◽  
pp. 118175
Author(s):  
Tímea Brázová ◽  
Dana Miklisová ◽  
Daniel Barčák ◽  
Dalibor Uhrovič ◽  
Peter Šalamún ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Hazardous Pollutants ◽  
Host Parasite

Distribution of Pomphorhynchus laevis s.l. (Acanthocephala) among fish species at a local scale: importance of fish biomass density

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-J. Perrot-Minnot ◽  
L. Bollache ◽  
C. Lagrue
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Fish Biomass ◽  
Biomass Density ◽  
Pomphorhynchus Laevis ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Host Parasite

Abstract Parasite distribution among hosts is a fundamental aspect of host–parasite interactions. Aggregated parasite distributions within and across host species are commonly reported and potentially influenced by many factors, whether host or parasite specific, or related to host–parasite encounter and compatibility. Yet, the respective role of each in observed parasite distributions are often unclear. Here, we documented the distribution of the acanthocephalan parasite Pomphorhynchus laevis sensu lato (s.l.) in two replicate fish host populations. Aggregated distributions were observed in both populations, within and across fish host species. We found a positive abundance–prevalence relationship across fish species, suggesting that resource availability (fish host biomass density) was the main driver of P. laevis s.l. distribution. This was supported by further positive associations between mean parasite load and fish biomass density. We found little evidence for intensity-dependent regulation within host (i.e. intra-host competition among co-infecting parasites). Furthermore, P. laevis s.l. infection had no detectable effect on fish condition indices, except on the body condition of female barbel (Barbus barbus). Therefore, P. laevis s.l. tended to accumulate with size/age within fish species, and with fish biomass density among fish species, with apparently negligible limitations due to intra-host intensity-dependent regulation of parasite, or to parasite-induced morbidity in fish. The relative availability of final hosts for trophic transmission thus appears to be the main driver of P. laevis s.l. distribution among fish.

INVESTIGATION OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBs) REMOVAL BY SIGNAL WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES: STUDIES

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 651-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEILA MAHDAVIAN
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Dft Methods ◽  
Single Walled Nanotubes ◽  
Chemical Pollutants ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are highly toxic and widespread pollutants due in part to their resistance to biodegradation. In water, their breakdown and analysis are low, but are readily adsorbed by fish and microscopic organisms, and these substances accumulate in the food chain and end up in human bodies when people consume sea food. The elimination of chemical pollutants from a contaminated environment is one of the most important steps toward achieving the goal of environment protection. Using single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) has shown the efficiency to remove PCBs from air and water. There are four situations for PCBs and SWNTs (6, 6) that we have investigated passing them between nanotubes. The thermodynamic properties are calculated for passing PCBs between them by DFT methods. This passing has a low potential energy in the middle of nanotubes, as the thermodynamic properties show; this passing is spontaneous and favorable because ΔG ele (MJ/mol) is negative for them.

scholarly journals Contamination of the food chain by polychlorinated biphenyls from a broken transformer.

1983 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
D P Drotman ◽  
P J Baxter ◽  
J A Liddle ◽  
C D Brokopp ◽  
M D Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Food Chain

Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Food: A Review

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIJ L. SAWHNEY ◽  
LESTER HANKIN
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Electrical Transformers

Literature published from 1970 through mid-1984 on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contamination of foods, including fish, dairy products, packaged and processed food and human milk, is reviewed. Sources of the contamination are discussed. The reports show that although PCBs are no longer manufactured in this country, large quantities have entered the environment. High concentrations in sediments of some streams and lakes are a continuing source of PCB entry into the food chain via the fish caught in these waters. Accidental leakage and spills from electrical transformers containing PCBs, which are in use, can also be a source of contamination. Other sources of PCB contamination such as silo sealants and packaging materials manufactured from carbonless paper containing PCBs have been essentially eliminated.

Isotopic discrimination of stable isotopes of nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) in a host-specific holocephalan tapeworm

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Navarro ◽  
M. Albo-Puigserver ◽  
M. Coll ◽  
R. Saez ◽  
M.G. Forero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Isotopic Discrimination ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Host Body Size

AbstractDuring the past decade, parasites have been considered important components of their ecosystems since they can modify food-web structures and functioning. One constraint to the inclusion of parasites in food-web models is the scarcity of available information on their feeding habits and host–parasite relationships. The stable isotope approach is suggested as a useful methodology to determine the trophic position and feeding habits of parasites. However, the isotopic approach is limited by the lack of information on the isotopic discrimination (ID) values of parasites, which is pivotal to avoiding the biased interpretation of isotopic results. In the present study we aimed to provide the first ID values of δ15N and δ13C between the gyrocotylidean tapeworm Gyrocotyle urna and its definitive host, the holocephalan Chimaera monstrosa. We also test the effect of host body size (body length and body mass) and sex of the host on the ID values. Finally, we illustrate how the trophic relationships of the fish host C. monstrosa and the tapeworm G. urna could vary relative to ID values. Similar to other studies with parasites, the ID values of the parasite–host system were negative for both isotopic values of N (Δδ15N = − 3.33 ± 0.63‰) and C (Δδ13C = − 1.32 ± 0.65‰), independent of the sex and size of the host. By comparing the specific ID obtained here with ID from other studies, we illustrate the importance of using specific ID in parasite–host systems to avoid potential errors in the interpretation of the results when surrogate values from similar systems or organisms are used.

scholarly journals Adsorption and Desorption Behaviour of Polychlorinated Biphenyls onto Microplastics’ Surfaces in Water/Sediment Systems

Toxics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Marta Llorca ◽  
Manuela Ábalos ◽  
Albert Vega-Herrera ◽  
Miquel A. Adrados ◽  
Esteban Abad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Π Interactions ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
High Degree

The potential of microplastics (MPLs) in marine ecosystems to adsorb and transport other micropollutants to biota, contributing to their entry in the food chain, is a primary cause of concern. However, these interactions remain poorly understood. Here, we have evaluated the adsorption/desorption behaviour of marker polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), onto MPL surfaces of three widely used polymers—polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The range of MPL sizes ranged from 1 to 600 μm. The adsorption/desorption was evaluated in sediment/water systems in marine microcosms emulating realistic environmental conditions for 21 days. The adsorption percentages ranged from 20 to 60%. PCBs with a lower degree of chlorination showed higher adsorption percentages because of conformational impediments of PCBs with high-degree chlorination, and also by their affinity to be adsorbed in sediments. Glassy plastic polymers as PET and PS showed a superior affinity for PCBs than rubbery polymers, such as PE. The polymers that can bond PCBs by π-π interactions, rather than van der Waals forces showed better adsorption percentages, as expected. Finally, the adsorption/desorption behaviour of selected PCBs onto MPLs was fitted to a Freundlich isotherm model, with correlations higher than 0.8 in most of the cases.

scholarly journals Acanthocephala, Annelida, Arthropoda, Myxozoa, Nematoda and Platyhelminthes parasites of fishes from the Guandu river, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney K. de Azevedo ◽  
Vanessa D. Abdallah ◽  
José L. Luque
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
New Host ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
New Host Records

Using information from all published reports and data collected during several parasitological surveys between April 2003 and September 2009, a checklist of the parasites of fishes from Guandu River, southeastern of Brazil was generated. A total of 85 parasite species, 54 named species (1 Acanthocephala, 1 Cestoda, 2 Crustacea, 13 Digenea, 11 Nematoda, 23 Monogenea and 3 Myxozoa) and 31 undetermined species (3 Acanthocephala, 2 Cestoda, 1 Crustacea, 8 Digenea, 8 Nematoda, 4 Hirudinea, 3 Monogenea and 2 Myxozoa) in 21 fish host species from Guandu River, were listed in the current study, including 36 new locality records and 36 new host records. Also, a host-parasite list is included herein.

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