Center of pressure (COP) measurement in patients with confirmed successful outcomes following shoulder surgery show significant sensorimotor deficits

Abstract Purpose To determine the sensorimotor and clinical function of patients with confirmed successful outcome after either undergoing acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) stabilization, Bankart repair (BR), or rotator cuff repair (RC), and to compare these measures to the contralateral, healthy side without history of previous injuries or surgeries of the upper extremity. It was hypothesized that patients of each interventional group would have inferior sensorimotor function of the shoulder joint compared to the contralateral, healthy side, while presenting with successful clinical and functional outcomes. Methods Three intervention groups including ten patients who had confirmed successful clinical and functional outcomes after either undergoing ACJ stabilization, BR, or RC were evaluated postoperatively at an average follow-up of 31.7 ± 11.6 months. Additionally, a healthy control group (CG) of ten patients was included. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Constant–Murley (CM) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) Score. Pain was evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Sensorimotor function was assessed by determining the center of pressure (COP) of the shoulder joint in a one-handed support task in supine position on a validated pressure plate. Results Each interventional group demonstrated excellent clinical outcome scores including the CM Score (ACJ 83.3 ± 11.8; BR 89.0 ± 10.3; RC 81.4 ± 8.8), ASES Score (ACJ 95.5 ± 7.0; BR 92.5 ± 9.6; RC 96.5 ± 5.2), and VAS (ACJ 0.5 ± 0.9; BR 0.5 ± 0.8; RC 0.5 ± 0.8). Overall, the CG showed no significant side-to-side difference in COP, whereas the ACJ-group and the BR-group demonstrated significantly increased COP compared to the healthy side (ACJ 103 cm vs. 98 cm, p = 0.049; BR: 116 cm vs. 102 cm, p = 0.006). The RC-group revealed no significant side-to-side difference (120 cm vs. 108 cm, n.s.). Conclusion Centre of pressure measurement detected sensorimotor functional deficits following surgical treatment of the shoulder joint in patients with confirmed successful clinical and functional outcomes. This may indicate that specific postoperative training and rehabilitation protocols should be established for patients who underwent surgery of the upper extremity. These results underline that sensorimotor training should be an important component of postoperative rehabilitation and physiotherapeutic activities to improve postoperative function and joint control. Level of evidence IV.

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THE TREATMENT OF DISLOCATION OF THE SHOULDER-JOINT COMPLICATED BY FRACTURE OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY OF THE HUMERUS

Annals of Surgery ◽

10.1097/00000658-190805000-00005 ◽

1908 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 672-705 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. M. MASON

Keyword(s):

Upper Extremity ◽

Shoulder Joint

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Functional Outcomes of Major Upper Extremity Replantation

Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open ◽

10.1097/gox.0000000000003071 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. e3071

Author(s):

Maleka Ramji ◽

Anna K. Steve ◽

Zahra Premji ◽

Justin Yeung

Keyword(s):

Upper Extremity ◽

Functional Outcomes

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The effect of shoulder injury prevention exercise program on shoulder joint range of motion and upper extremity dynamic balance in female adolescent volleyball players

Sports Science ◽

10.46394/iss.39.3.18 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 159-166

Author(s):

Ahhyeon Noh ◽

EunKuk Kim

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Injury Prevention ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Female Adolescent ◽

Shoulder Injury ◽

Joint Range Of Motion ◽

Joint Range

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Effects of a Community-Based Tai Chi Program on Balance, Functional Outcomes, and Sensorimotor Function in Older Adults

Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics ◽

10.1080/02703181.2019.1709600 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 129-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jason R. Wingert ◽

Caitlin E. Corle ◽

Diane F. Saccone ◽

Jimin Lee ◽

Aubrianne E. Rote

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Functional Outcomes ◽

Tai Chi ◽

Sensorimotor Function ◽

Community Based

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Shoulder Joint Replacement and Upper Extremity Activities of Daily Living

Handbook of Human Motion ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-30808-1_84-2 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Hendrik Bruttel ◽

David M. Spranz ◽

Jan M. Eckerle ◽

Michael W. Maier

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Joint Replacement ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Daily Living

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Feasibility and potential effects of using the electro-dress Mollii on spasticity and functioning in chronic stroke

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1186/s12984-020-00740-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Susanne Palmcrantz ◽

Gaia Valentina Pennati ◽

Hanna Bergling ◽

Jörgen Borg

Keyword(s):

Upper Extremity ◽

Muscle Tone ◽

Reciprocal Inhibition ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Sensorimotor Function ◽

Home Setting ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Cost Effective Treatment ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Activity Performance

Abstract Background Spasticity after lesions of central motor pathways may be disabling and there is a need for new, cost-effective treatment methods. One novel approach is offered by the electro-dress Mollii®, primarily designed to enhance reciprocal inhibition of spastic muscles by multifocal, transcutaneous antagonist stimulation. Methods The Mollii® suit was set individually for 20 participants living with spasticity and hemiplegia after stroke and used in the home setting for 6 weeks. Usability and perceived effects were monitored by weekly telephone interviews. Outcome was assessed by use of the NeuroFlexor™ method for quantification of the neural component (NC) of resistance to passive stretch (spasticity), and the modified Ashworth scale (MAS) for total resistance, Fugl-Meyer Assessment of motor recovery for sensorimotor function in upper (FM-UE) and lower extremities (FM-LE), activity performance with the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), Berg balance scale, 10 m and 6 min walk tests, and perceived functioning with the Stroke Impact Scale. Results Compliance was high (mean 19.25 of 21 sessions). Perceived positive effects were reported by 60% and most commonly related to decreased muscle tone (n = 9), improved gait pattern function (n = 7) and voluntary movement in the upper extremity (n = 6). On a group level, the NC decreased significantly in the wrist flexors of the affected hand (p = 0.023) and significant improvements according to FM-UE (p = 0.000) and FM-LE (p = 0.003) were seen after the intervention. No significant difference was detected with MAS or assessed activity performance, except for the ARAT (p = 0.000). FM-UE score change correlated significantly and fairly with the perceived effect in the upper extremity (r 0.498 p = 0.025) and in the corresponding analysis for the FM-LE and perceived effect in the lower extremity (r = 0.469 p = 0.037). Conclusion This study indicates that the Mollii® method is feasible when used in the home setting to decrease spasticity and improve sensorimotor function. The results may guide a larger controlled study combined with rehabilitation interventions to enhance effects on activity and participation domains. Trial registration NCT04076878. Registered 2 September 2019 - Retrospectively registered

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Incidence and Risk Factors of Upper Extremity Injuries in Young Adult Men: A Nationwide Registry-Based Study of 128,714 Conscripts

Military Medicine ◽

10.1093/milmed/usz340 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 185 (3-4) ◽

pp. e487-e494

Author(s):

Harri Pihlajamäki ◽

Arttu Silvennoinen ◽

Paavo-Ilari Kuikka ◽

Tiina Luukkaala ◽

Heikki Kröger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Body Mass ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Military Service ◽

Young Men ◽

Joint Dislocation ◽

Extremity Injuries

Abstract Introduction Injuries are the major cause of morbidity and loss of active training days in military populations. Previous investigations have mainly focused on lower extremities. This study evaluated the incidence, diagnosis, and risk factors of upper extremity injuries requiring hospitalization in a large cohort of Finnish conscripts during a 5-year period. Materials and Methods A total of 128,714 male military conscripts, who served 6–12 months in compulsory military service, were studied. Injury hospitalization data were obtained from the National Hospital Discharge Register. The main outcome variables were hospitalization due to any injuries to the upper extremity and hospitalization due to traumatic shoulder dislocation. Background variables for risk factor analysis included length of military service, age, body height and weight, body mass index, and physical fitness. Results Overall person-based incidence rate for hospitalization due to upper extremity injury was 743 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 697–791) per 100,000 conscripts per year. Shoulder joint dislocation was the most common injury: incidence rate of 103 (95% CI: 86–122) per 100,000 conscripts per year. Trend during follow-up years 1998–2002 was decreasing concerning on any upper extremity injuries (odd ratios [OR] 0.90; 95% CI: 0.86–0.95, P < 0.001). Body mass index > 25 increased a risk for any injuries of the upper extremity (OR 1.29; CI 95%: 1.10–1.51) and, especially, for shoulder joint dislocation (OR 1.88; CI 95%: 1.26–2.80). Conclusions Overweight young men were at greater risk for upper extremity injuries. The incidence rate of traumatic shoulder joint dislocation was considerably higher than reported previously. In conclusion, preventive measures such as reducing the body weight of overweight young men should play an important role in reducing the incidence of upper extremity injuries.

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Editorial: Principles Underlying Post-Stroke Recovery of Upper Extremity Sensorimotor Function – A Neuroimaging Perspective

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2015.00267 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bruno J. Weder ◽

Roland Wiest ◽

Rüdiger J. Seitz

Keyword(s):

Upper Extremity ◽

Stroke Recovery ◽

Sensorimotor Function ◽

Post Stroke

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Nonlinear Modeling of Human Quiet Standing

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.717 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 523-524 ◽

pp. 717-721

Author(s):

Hiroyuki Takagi ◽

Takuya Tabata ◽

Ken Sasaki

Keyword(s):

Nonlinear Control ◽

Ankle Joint ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Control Model ◽

Joint Torque ◽

Quiet Standing ◽

Upper Body ◽

Joint Control ◽

Maximum Deviation ◽

Evaluation Indexes

Fluctuation during quiet standing of a person is one of the evaluation indexes of aging. Usually, fluctuation is measured by the center of the subject’s weight distribution on the floor, which is called center-of-pressure (COP), or the two dimensional trajectory of the top of the head taken from above the subject. In both cases, common evaluation indexes are standard deviation or maximum deviation. Control models of human quiet standing have been proposed and studied, and now it is widely accepted that human quiet standing is a nonlinear control system. However, there is no established nonlinear control model that expresses the characteristics of human quiet standing accurately. If we could express the nonlinear control dynamics of human quiet standing, the parameters of the control model can be utilized to evaluate subject’s motor control ability in more detail. In this study, we modeled the human body as a two link inverted pendulum. Leaning angle of the lower body and the upper body, and COP were measured in the experiment. Analysis of the data has revealed an asymmetry in the ankle joint torque in the anterior-posterior postural control. This asymmetry was modeled by asymmetric feedback gains of the feedback loop of ankle joint control. The proposed nonlinear model was verified by comparing the simulation results and the experimental data.

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