scholarly journals Suppression of chip load variations by real-time spindle speed modulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (5-8) ◽  
pp. 2005-2014
Author(s):  
Rida T. Farouki ◽  
Jyothirmai Srinathu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Load Variations ◽  
Speed Modulation ◽  
Chip Load

scholarly journals Simulation of Vibrations in Real Time Plane Milling with Spindle Speed Correction

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Ivanov ◽  
S Voronov ◽  
S Nikolaev ◽  
V Kuts
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Spindle Speed

scholarly journals Development Research on Integrating CNC Machine Tool with Plasma for Online Surface Heat Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Shao-Hsien Chen ◽  
Bo-Ting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Hardening Effect

In this study, the plasma was integrated with a lathe, and the online heat treatment was performed to achieve mechanical strength and hardness, to reduce the machining process and handling. However, for online heat treatment of cast iron FC25, it is important to study the parameters of the lathe and plasma, and the research method is used eventually to optimize the process and reduce the machining cost and machining error. The variable factors in the surface online real-time heat treatment are spindle speed, feed rate, and current, and the objective function is the hardness of mechanical properties. In the screening experiment, the interaction of factors was discussed using a full factorial experiment. The Central Composite Design was combined with the Lack-of-Fit test for the optimization experiment, and the R2 coefficient was used to determine whether the regression model is appropriate. The optimum parameters were derived from the contour diagram and response surface diagram. The experimental results show that the significant factors include spindle speed, feed rate, and current and the optimum parameters include spindle speed of 168 rpm, feed rate of 0.068 mm/rev, and current of 86 A. The experimental results of optimum parameters show that the surface hardness is increased from 306 HLD to 806 HLD and the surface hardening effect is enhanced by 163%, so the online real-time heat treatment equipment has the best hardening effect.

scholarly journals Effect of chip load and spindle speed on cutting force of Hastelloy X

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 6497-6503
Author(s):  
Nor Aznan Mohd Nor ◽  
B. T. H. T. Baharudin ◽  
J. A. Ghani ◽  
Z. Leman ◽  
M. K. A. Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Resultant Force ◽  
Hastelloy X ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Force Components ◽  
Desirability Function Analysis ◽  
Chip Load

Research on cutting force revealed that the cutting force decreases as cutting speed increases, which is in line with Salomon’s Theory. However, the fundamental behaviour was never clearly explained because most studies had focused on increasing the cutting speed by increasing spindle speed without retaining the rate of chip load. On that note, the effect of increasing spindle speed while chip load is constant on the cutting force of Hastelloy X is presented in this paper. Third Wave AdvantEdge software was applied and half-immersion up-milling simulations were conducted in dry condition. Result showed that the resultant force was primarily affected by the axial force, followed by normal force and feed force. Trend-lines indicated that the behaviour of cutting force components and resultant force was quadratic. Desirability Function Analysis (DFA) results revealed that the optimum combination of chip load and spindle speed led to lowest cutting force components and resultant force was at 0.013 mm/tooth and 24,100 RPM. Furthermore, the optimum cutting conditions that led to the lowest cutting force components and resultant force at chip loads of 0.016 mm/tooth and 0.019 mm/tooth was 24,100 RPM also. Therefore, increasing Material Removal Rate (MRR) while minimizing cutting force components and resultant force can be achieved by increasing the amount of chip load at spindle speed of 24,100 RPM.

Effect of Increasing Spindle Speed at a Constant Chip Load on Cutting Force Behaviour of Hastelloy X

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Aznan Mohd Nor ◽  
BT Hang Tuah Baharudin ◽  
Jaharah A Ghani ◽  
Mohd Khairol Anuar Mohd Ariffin ◽  
Zulkiflle Leman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Normal Force ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Resultant Force ◽  
Hastelloy X ◽  
Feed Force ◽  
Chip Load

Cutting force is vital in machining nickel-based superalloys due to their excellent mechanical properties, thus creating difficulty in cutting. In the current scenario of metal machining, milling processes require high spindle speed and low chip load, which result in a low cutting force. However, low chip load not only result in low cutting force but also result in a low material removal rate (MRR). It is contrary to the ultimate high-speed machining (HSM) goal, which is to improve productivity and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, the emergence of an approach for achieving simultaneous low cutting force and high MRR is crucial. This paper presents the effect of increasing spindle speed at a constant chip load on the cutting force of Hastelloy X during half-immersion up-milling and half-immersion down-milling. In both half-immersions, the simulation results and experimental results are in good agreement. The percentage contribution of feed force, normal force and axial force to the resultant force can be arranged descendingly from high to low as axial force > normal force > axial force. Moreover, feed force, normal force, axial force and resultant force have a U-shaped behaviour. The spindle speed of 24,100 rpm and a chip load of 0.019 mm/tooth were found to achieve both low cutting force and high MRR.

Real-time control of nitrogen removal using three ORP bending-points: signification, control strategy and results

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Plisson-Saune ◽  
B. Capdeville ◽  
M. Mauret ◽  
A. Deguin ◽  
P. Baptiste
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Load Variations ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Time Control

The necessity to achieve nitrogen and phosphorus removal in wastewater, according to the European Directive (EEC 1991), leads to the conception of new methods to control the aeration of low-loaded activated sludge plants. The behaviour of N.NOx concentrations and of ORP during a complete nitrification-denitrification cycle is described by a typical profile with 3 bending-points: α, β and χ. The goal of this study is to get more insights into the biological and chemical signification of the bending-points. This leads to the conception of new real-time control systems able to be adaptive to the influent load variations and free from ORP drift problems. The results obtained on pilot-scale plant using a three bending-points based control strategy show a real advantage through a decrease of the global aeration duration.

Stability Analysis of Turning With Periodic Spindle Speed Modulation Via Semidiscretization

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1835-1855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamas Insperger ◽  
Gabor Stepan
Keyword(s):  
Modulation Frequency ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Hopf Bifurcations ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Single Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Time Varying Delay ◽  
High Modulation ◽  
Speed Modulation ◽  
Delay Differential ◽  
Varying Delay

We investigate a single-degree-of-freedom model of turning with sinusoidal spindle speed modulation and the corresponding delay-differential equation with time-varying delay. The equation is analyzed by the numerical semidiscretization method. Stability charts and chatter frequencies are constructed. Improvement in the efficiency of machining is found for high modulation frequency and for low spindle speed domain. Period-one, period-two (flip), and secondary Hopf bifurcations were detected by eigenvalue analysis.

Study on Online Intelligent Control of Cutting Vibration in Milling Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Fu Hongya ◽  
Li Maoyue ◽  
Liu Yuan ◽  
Han Zhenyu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Vibration Amplitude ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Open Architecture ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Constraint Condition ◽  
Cutting Vibration ◽  
The Right

To realize online and real-time suppressing vibration amplitude in milling, an open architecture intelligent controller is designed and developed, which is modular and can achieve machining parameters' online adjustment based on acceleration constraint condition. According to the idea of the velocity control, a spindle speed control model is constructed. This controller can realize both the right codes translation and assume the effective coordination and synchronization among the thread of adaptive control, interface display and interpolation and so on. A series of fuzzy control rules have been designed to reduce the vibration amplitude about stepped-weir work-piece, and some actual experiments based on acceleration constraints have been also completed. The results show the open architecture variable spindle speed controller can be used in the practical machining, and the spindle speed can realize online real-time adjustment based on the acceleration constraint condition. All these technologies can effectively suppress the cutting vibration, which protect the machine and work-piece tool system.

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