Increased blood cadmium levels were not associated with increased fracture risk but with increased total mortality in women: the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

Background. Central arterial stiffness is a surrogate of cardiovascular risk and predicts cardiovascular mortality. Apolipoprotein B lipoproteins are also established cardiovascular risk factors. It is not known whether specific lipoprotein subclasses measured in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study and previously shown to be associated with coronary heart disease also predict arterial stiffening after a mean period of 17 years. Methods. Lipoprotein particle analysis was performed on 2,505 men and women from Malmö, Sweden, from 1991 to 1994, and arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (c-fPWV) on this same cohort from 2007 to 2012. Associations between c-fPWV and lipoprotein particles were determined with multiple linear regression, controlling for sex, presence of diabetes, waist-to-hip circumference, and smoking status at baseline, as well as heart rate (measured at the carotid artery), mean arterial pressure, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications, C-reactive protein (CRP), and age at the time of c-fPWV measurement. Results. The results confirm that triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) but not low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) predict c-fPWV. We identify a positive predictive association for very small, small, and medium (high risk), but not large LDL particles. There was a negative association for large HDL particles. The relationships between c-fPWV and high-risk LDL particles were unaffected by adjusting for LDL-c or CRP and were only mildly attenuated by adjusting for the homeostatic model for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Due to the collinearity of very small, small, and medium LDL particles and dyslipidemia (elevated TG and decreased HDL-c), the observed relationship between c-fPWV and high-risk LDL particles became insignificant after controlling for the concentration of HDL-c, large cholesterol-rich HDL particles, and TG. Conclusions. The development of central arterial stiffness previously associated with combined dyslipidemia may be mediated in part by LDL particles, particularly the very small-, small-, and medium-sized LDL particles.

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Anthropometric factors and ovarian cancer risk in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

Cancer Epidemiology ◽

10.1016/j.canep.2011.01.003 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 432-437 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jenny Brändstedt ◽

Björn Nodin ◽

Jonas Manjer ◽

Karin Jirström

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Ovarian Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Study ◽

Diet And Cancer

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The Correlation Between Heavy Metal Cadmium and the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1166/jbt.2021.2550 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 339-343

Author(s):

Ling Hu ◽

Xiao-Ling Yin ◽

Ting Li

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Jiangxi Province ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cadmium Content ◽

Blood Cadmium ◽

Blood Cadmium Levels

Objective: This study aims to analyze the blood cadmium level and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the general population and explore the correlation between blood cadmium levels and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: From February to December 2017, a multistage, random cluster sampling method was adopted to conduct this cross-sectional epidemiological survey of permanent residents aged >18 years in Nanchang, Jiangxi province (including one urban area, Changdong district and one county, Jinxing county). Blood cadmium levels and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the population were analyzed, and the correlation between blood cadmium levels and the incidence of type 2 diabetes was analyzed. Results: The average blood cadmium content of the population in Nanchang (Changdong town, Jinxian county) was 2.91 ± 0.08 ug/L, and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 9.2%. The average blood cadmium content of the population in Jinxian county was higher than that of the population of the Changdong district. The results of multivariate regression analysis indicate that high blood cadmium levels are a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Elevated levels of cadmium in human blood may be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes.

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Blood Cadmium Levels and Diabetes Mellitus or Prediabetes among Adults in Korea: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2010

Korean Journal of Family Practice ◽

10.21215/kjfp.2018.8.2.195 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 195-200

Author(s):

Ki-Young Lim ◽

Soo-Young Kim

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

National Health ◽

Nutrition Examination Survey ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Blood Cadmium ◽

Blood Cadmium Levels

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Statin use, HMGCR expression, and breast cancer survival – The Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-57323-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Olöf Bjarnadottir ◽

Maria Feldt ◽

Maria Inasu ◽

Pär-Ola Bendahl ◽

Karin Elebro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Histological Grade ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Study ◽

Drug Register ◽

Diet And Cancer ◽

Statin Use

AbstractStatins, commonly used to treat hypercholesterolemia, have also been proposed as anti-cancer agents. The identification of a predictive marker is essential. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase (HMGCR), which is inhibited by statins, might serve as such a marker. Thorough antibody validation was performed for four different HMGCR antibodies. Tumor expression of HMGCR (#AMAb90619, CL0260, Atlas Antibodies, Stockholm, Sweden) was evaluated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study breast cancer cohort. Statin use and cause of death data were retrieved from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register and Swedish Death Registry, respectively. Breast cancer-specific mortality (BCM) according to statin use and HMGCR expression were analyzed using Cox regression models. Three-hundred-twelve of 910 breast cancer patients were prescribed statins; 74 patients before and 238 after their breast cancer diagnosis. HMGCR expression was assessable for 656 patients; 119 showed negative, 354 weak, and 184 moderate/strong expressions. HMGCR moderate/strong expression was associated with prognostically adverse tumor characteristics as higher histological grade, high Ki67, and ER negativity. HMGCR expression was not associated with BCM. Neither was statin use associated with BCM in our study. Among breast cancer patients on statins, no or weak HMGCR expression predicted favorable clinical outcome. These suggested associations need further testing in larger cohorts.

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Midlife physical activity is associated with lower incidence of vascular dementia but not Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer s Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13195-019-0538-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Oskar Hansson ◽

Martina Svensson ◽

Anna-Märta Gustavsson ◽

Emelie Andersson ◽

Yiyi Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Vascular Dementia ◽

Lower Incidence ◽

Amyloid Β ◽

Synaptic Proteins ◽

Cancer Study ◽

Diet And Cancer

Abstract Background Physical activity might reduce the risk of developing dementia. However, it is still unclear whether the protective effect differs depending on the subtype of dementia. We aimed to investigate if midlife physical activity affects the development of vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) differently in two large study populations with different designs. Methods Using a prospective observational design, we studied whether long-distance skiers of the Swedish Vasaloppet (n = 197,685) exhibited reduced incidence of VaD or AD compared to matched individuals from the general population (n = 197,684) during 21 years of follow-up (median 10, interquartile range (IQR) 5–15 years). Next, we studied the association between self-reported physical activity, stated twice 5 years apart, and incident VaD and AD in 20,639 participants in the Swedish population-based Malmo Diet and Cancer Study during 18 years of follow-up (median 15, IQR 14–17 years). Finally, we used a mouse model of AD and studied brain levels of amyloid-β, synaptic proteins, and cognitive function following 6 months of voluntary wheel running. Results Vasaloppet skiers (median age 36.0 years [IQR 29.0–46.0], 38% women) had lower incidence of all-cause dementia (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.63, 95% CI 0.52–0.75) and VaD (adjusted HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.33–0.73), but not AD, compared to non-skiers. Further, faster skiers exhibited a reduced incidence of VaD (adjusted HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.16–0.95), but not AD or all-cause dementia compared to slower skiers. In the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study (median age 57.5 years [IQR 51.0–63.8], 60% women), higher physical activity was associated with reduced incidence of VaD (adjusted HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.49-0.87), but not AD nor all-cause dementia. These findings were also independent of APOE-ε4 genotype. In AD mice, voluntary running did not improve memory, amyloid-β, or synaptic proteins. Conclusions Our results indicate that physical activity in midlife is associated with lower incidence of VaD. Using three different study designs, we found no significant association between physical activity and subsequent development of AD.

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