Child labor and compulsory education: the effects of government education policy on economic growth and welfare

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hui Lu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Government Education

Compulsory Education Policy in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Eryong Xue
Keyword(s):  
Education Policy ◽  
Compulsory Education

scholarly journals CHILD LABOR AND THE EDUCATION OF A SOCIETY

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive Bell ◽  
Hans Gersbach
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Continuous Growth

This paper analyzes policies by means of which a whole society in an initial state of illiteracy and low productivity can raise itself into a condition of continuous growth. Using an overlapping generations model in which human capital is formed through child rearing and formal education, we show that an escape from a poverty trap, in which children work full time and no human capital accumulation takes place, is possible through compulsory education or programs of taxes and transfers. If school attendance is unenforceable, temporary inequality is unavoidable if the society is to escape in finite time, but long-run inequalities are avoidable provided sufficiently heavy, but temporary, taxes can be imposed on the better off. Programs that aim simply at high attendance rates in the present can be strongly nonoptimal.

COST-BENEFIT RATIO OF RAISING CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 927-927
Author(s):  
Martin Harris
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Aging Parents ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
Wage Earners

"...the motivation to restrict fertility is essentially a question of the balance between the benefits and costs of parenthood. With industrialization, the cost of rearing children increases—especially after the introduction of child labor laws and compulsory education statutes—because the skills which a child must acquire in order to earn a living and be of benefit to its parents take longer to learn. At the same time, the whole context and manner in which people earn their livings becomes transformed. The family ceases to be the locus of any significant form of production activity (other than that of cooking meals and begetting children). Work is no longer something done by family members in or near the family or business. Rather, it is something done at an office, store, or factory in the company of other people's family members. Hence the return flow of benefits from rearing children hinges more and more on their economic success as wage earners and their willingness to help out in the medical and financial crises that parents can expect in their waning years. The availability of painless contraception and the altered structure of economic tasks—the contraception revolution and the job revolution—provide the key to many puzzling aspects of contemporary social life. Longer life spans and spiraling medical costs make it increasingly unrealistic to expect children to give comfort and security to their aging parents. Thus we are in the process of substituting old-age and medical insurance programs for the preindustrial system in which children took care of their aged parents.

scholarly journals Trade and Child Labor: A Review of Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Tariq ◽  
Rossazana Ab-Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
The Past

Employed child or working child is known as child labor in literature. The child labor is an important issue for economic analysts, governments and social groups. The awareness of the exploitation of children, in much of the developing world, has brought the issue of child labor to the forefront of debate within governments and social groups. The purpose of this study is to organize the past literature on trade and child labor. Additionally, this paper presents the conceptual and empirical discussion with some recent estimates of the magnitude of the problem. The review of past studies presents the child laborers’ effect on an economy as well as the debate on the effectiveness of various policies related to trade and economic growth.

Seeing through the metaphor: The OECD quality toolbox for early childhood

Semiotica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (212) ◽  
pp. 97-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Farquhar ◽  
Peter Fitzsimons
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Creative Play ◽  
Government Education ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis paper explores the idea of metaphor as a persuasive device, using as an example a recent OECD publication purporting to be a quality toolbox for early childhood education and care. Leaving aside the problematic notion of quality, we argue that there is a serious problem with the idea of education as something that can be done with a toolbox, particularly in the formative stages of young children’s education. We suggest that the OECD selection of the toolbox as a metaphor is a way of inserting international economic imperatives into local government education policy, in ways that the citizenry is not aware of. As with any metaphor for education, the selection highlights some aspects while hiding others, a concealment that can’t be exposed by intensifying one’s gaze without a change in perspective. To examine the extent of what remains hidden by the toolbox, we engage in creative play with some different metaphors for education, arguing that particular metaphors may serve to obfuscate rather than clarify, an artifice that is not acceptable from a body as influential and far-reaching as the OECD.

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