Neurosteroids and cholinergic systems: implications for sleep and cognitive processes and potential role of age-related changes

2006 ◽  
Vol 186 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier George ◽  
Monique Vallée ◽  
Michel Le Moal ◽  
Willy Mayo
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Cholinergic Systems ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Auditory word recognition across the lifespan

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 119-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike K. Blumenfeld ◽  
Scott R. Schroeder ◽  
Susan C. Bobb ◽  
Max R. Freeman ◽  
Viorica Marian
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Word Identification ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Auditory Word Recognition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

Abstract Recent research suggests that bilingual experience reconfigures linguistic and nonlinguistic cognitive processes. We examined the relationship between linguistic competition resolution and nonlinguistic cognitive control in younger and older adults who were either bilingual or monolingual. Participants heard words in English and identified the referent among four pictures while eye-movements were recorded. Target pictures (e.g., cab) appeared with a phonological competitor picture (e.g., cat) and two filler pictures. After each eye-tracking trial, priming probes assessed residual activation and inhibition of target and competitor words. When accounting for processing speed, results revealed that age-related changes in activation and inhibition are smaller in bilinguals than in monolinguals. Moreover, younger and older bilinguals, but not monolinguals, recruited similar inhibition mechanisms during word identification and during a nonlinguistic Stroop task. Results suggest that, during lexical access, bilinguals show more consistent competition resolution and recruitment of cognitive control across the lifespan than monolinguals.

Structural Alignment in Comparison: No Difference Without Similarity

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedre Gentner ◽  
Arthur B. Markman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Structural Alignment ◽  
Comparison Process ◽  
Structured Representations ◽  
Single Difference

Theories of similarity generally agree that the similarity of a pair increases with its commonalities and decreases with its differences. Recent research suggests that this comparison process involves an alignment of structured representations yielding commonalities, differences related to the commonalities, and differences unrelated to the commonalities. One counterintuitive prediction of this view is that it should be easier to find the differences between pairs of similar items than to find the differences between pairs of dissimilar items. This prediction is particularly strong for differences that are related to the commonalities. We tested this prediction in two experiments in which subjects listed a single difference for each of a number of word pairs. The results are consistent with the predictions of structural alignment. In light of these findings, we discuss the potential role of structural alignment in other cognitive processes that involve comparisons.

Cytokine modulation, oxidative stress and thymic dysfunctions: Role of age-related changes in the experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection

Cytokine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 88-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Pravato Colato ◽  
Vânia Brazão ◽  
Gabriel Tavares do Vale ◽  
Fabricia Helena Santello ◽  
Pedro Alexandre Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Cytokine Modulation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cruzi Infection ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Ovarian Aging

Endocrinology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 161 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Işıl Kasapoğlu ◽  
Emre Seli
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Reproductive Aging ◽  
Ovarian Dysfunction ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Ovarian Aging ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Abstract As women delay childbearing because of demographic and socioeconomic trends, reproductive aging and ensuing ovarian dysfunction become increasingly more prevalent causes of infertility. Age-related decline in fertility is characterized by both quantitative and qualitative deterioration of the ovarian reserve. Importantly, disorders of aging are frequently associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, as are impaired oogenesis and embryogenesis. Ongoing research explores the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in ovarian aging, and potential ways to exploit mitochondrial mechanisms to slow down or reverse age-related changes in female gonads.

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