Changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines and body weight during 6-month risperidone treatment in drug naïve, first-episode schizophrenia

2013 ◽  
Vol 231 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqin Song ◽  
Xiaoduo Fan ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Jinsong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
Risperidone Treatment ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

scholarly journals The Role of Butyric Acid in Treatment Response in Drug-Naïve First Episode Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Li ◽  
Xiaoduo Fan ◽  
Xiuxia Yuan ◽  
Lijuan Pang ◽  
Shaohua Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Response ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
Risperidone Treatment

Background: Butyric acid, a major short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), has an important role in the microbiota–gut–brain axis and brain function. This study investigated the role of butyric acid in treatment response in drug-naïve first episode schizophrenia.Methods: The study recruited 56 Chinese Han schizophrenia inpatients with normal body weight and 35 healthy controls. Serum levels of butyric acid were measured using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) analysis at baseline (for all participants) and 24 weeks after risperidone treatment (for patients). Clinical symptoms were measured using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for patients at both time points.Results: At baseline, there was no significant difference in serum levels of butyric acid between patients and healthy controls (p = 0.206). However, there was a significant increase in serum levels of butyric acid in schizophrenia patients after 24-week risperidone treatment (p = 0.030). The PANSS total and subscale scores were decreased significantly after 24-week risperidone treatment (p's < 0.001). There were positive associations between baseline serum levels of butyric acid and the reduction ratio of the PANSS total and subscale scores after controlling for age, sex, education, and duration of illness (p's < 0.05). Further, there was a positive association between the increase in serum levels of butyric acid and the reduction of the PANSS positive symptoms subscale scores (r = 0.38, p = 0.019) after controlling for potential confounding factors.Conclusions: Increased serum levels of butyric acid might be associated with a favorable treatment response in drug-naïve, first episode schizophrenia. The clinical implications of our findings were discussed.

scholarly journals Expression and functionality study of 9 Toll-like receptors in drug-naïve non-affective first episode psychosis individuals: a 3-month study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Juncal-Ruiz ◽  
Laura Riesco-Davila ◽  
Mariluz Ramirez-Bonilla ◽  
Victor Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz ◽  
Javier Vazquez-Bourgon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Lower Expression ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a pivotal component of the innate immune system, which are expressed by various subsets of immune cell types, included central nervous system. There are few publications that have studied TLR expression and/or functionality in psychosis, of which most of them have been based on chronic schizophrenia individuals.Objectives: To compare the expression and functionality of 9TLRs in three peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (monocytes, B cells and T cells) within a sample of 33 drug-naïve FEP individuals and 26 healthy volunteers, at baseline and after 3-month of antipsychotic treatment.Methods: The expression of TLR1-9 was assessed by flow cytometry. For the assessment of the TLR functionality (measured as intracellular production of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α following TLR stimulation), cells collected in sodium heparin tubes were polyclonally stimulated for 18h with different agonists for human TLR1–9.Results: Patients showed a lower expression of TLR5 and TLR8 on the three PBMCs at baseline and after 3-month of treatment regarding healthy volunteers (all ps <0.01). We also found less production of some intracellular pro-inflammatory cytokines (especially TNF-α) after TLR stimulation in patients at both baseline and following the medication (all ps <0.01). We have not found differences in the intra-subject analyses after 3-month of treatment.Conclusions: Drug-naive patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders show lower expression of specific TLR receptors as well as lower intracellular concentrations of some pro-inflammatory cytokines after TLR stimulation. These findings may be a consequence of an excessive cell stimulation via exogenous ligands (such as pathogens) and/or endogenous ligands (such as autoimmunity) in such a way that PBMCs could be exhausted to be activated in the in vitro analyses.

Effects of risperidone on glucose lipid metabolism and bodyweight in drug-naïve first episode Chinese Han patients with schizophrenia: A prospective study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Chen ◽  
Xiang Yang Zhang ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
Yin Lu ◽  
Mei Hong Xiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Risperidone Treatment

Abstract Background: Atypical antipsychotics may have a stronger potential effect on metabolic syndrome. A number of researchs have shown that risperidone have a risk for newly diagnosed hyperglycemia,new-onset diabetes and weight gain. Our study focused on the Chinese han population and used a large sample to study the effects of risperidone on glucose and lipid metabolism in drug-naïve first episode patients with schizophrenia. Methods: 175 inpatients meeting DSM-IV schizophrenia criteria recruited, 125 patients completed the study. All participants were hospitalized throughout the trial and had to eat the same diets. And patients need to make sure that no antipsychotic drugs other than risperidone or antidepressants are used.The course of risperidone treatment was 4mg-6mg/ day for 10 weeks. They received baseline evaluations before and 10 weeks after risperidone treatment.Patients received total cholesterol,HDL,LDL, triglyceride, plasma glucose, serum insulin levels, HOMA-IR and anthropometric measurements. Results: The average age of our study was 28.6±9.8 years; the mean course of the disease was 20.9±19.1 months , 14 cases of smoking. After 10 weeks, there were significant increases in BMI, body weight,waist circumference and waist-hip compared with baseline(all P<0.05).The insulin and HOMA-IR levels reached statistical significance compared with baseline(all P<0.05).However, no significant increase in the proportion of patients with IGT and IFG compared with baseline (P= 0.78, 0.72 respectively). Finally, there was a statistically significant increase in cholesterol and triglyceride levels (P = 0.05, 0.00 respectively). After 10 weeks of risperidone treatment, male patients had higher body weight, waist-to-hip ratio and waist circumference than female patients (all p <0.01). Conclusion:Risperidone increased insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, body weight, BMI, homa-ir level, waist-hip ratio, and waist circumference in patients with schizophrenia.There were significant gender differences in waist-to-hip ratio,weight gain , and waist circumference among patients treated with risperidone

Active psychosis and pro-inflammatory cytokines in first-episode of psychosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
Guillermo Pardo-de-Santayana ◽  
María Juncal-Ruiz ◽  
Javier Vázquez-Bourgon ◽  
Laura Riesco-Dávila ◽  
Victor Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

scholarly journals Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles attenuate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via regulating pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Ahmadvand Koohsari ◽  
Abdorrahim Absalan ◽  
Davood Azadi
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Clinical Score ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Leukocyte Infiltration ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

AbstractThe therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells-extracellular vesicles have been proved in many inflammatory animal models. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human umbilical cord-MSC (hUCSC-EV) on the clinical score and inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines on the EAE mouse model. After induction of EAE in C57Bl/6 mice, they were treated intravenously with hUCSC-EV or vehicle. The clinical score and body weight of all mice was registered every day. On day 30, mice were sacrificed and splenocytes were isolated for cytokine assay by ELISA. Cytokine expression of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokine by real-time PCR, leukocyte infiltration by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and the percent of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and myelin basic protein (MBP) positive cells by immunohistochemistry were assessed in the spinal cord. Our results showed that hUCSC-EV-treated mice have lower maximum mean clinical score (MMCS), pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inflammatory score in comparison to the control mice. We also showed that hUCSC-EV administration significantly improved body weight and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokines and the frequency of Treg cells in the spleen. There was no significant difference in the percent of GFAP and MBP positive cells in the spinal cord of experimental groups. Finally, we suggest that intravenous administration of hUCSC-EV alleviate induce-EAE by reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-17a, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, and increasing the anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10, and also decrease the leukocyte infiltration in a model of MS. It seems that EVs from hUC-MSCs have the same therapeutic effects similar to EVs from other sources of MSCs, such as adipose or bone marrow MSCs.

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