High-frequency priming stimulation does not enhance the effect of low-frequency rTMS in the treatment of tinnitus

2007 ◽  
Vol 184 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berthold Langguth ◽  
Tobias Kleinjung ◽  
Elmar Frank ◽  
Michael Landgrebe ◽  
Philipp Sand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency Rtms

Low-frequency rTMS is better tolerated than high-frequency rTMS in healthy people: Empirical evidence from a single session study

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manreena Kaur ◽  
Jessica A. Michael ◽  
Bernadette M. Fitzgibbon ◽  
Kate E. Hoy ◽  
Paul B. Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Low Frequency Rtms

Neurocognitive Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Patients with Cerebrovascular Disease Without Dementia

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sedlackova ◽  
I. Rektorova ◽  
Z. Fanfrdlova ◽  
I. Rektor
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Frameless Stereotaxy ◽  
Stimulation Site ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Vascular Type ◽  
Low Frequency Rtms

Aims: The results of our pilot study suggested that one session of high frequency rTMS applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) might induce measurable positive effects on executive functioning in patients with mild cognitive impairment of the vascular type without dementia (MCI-V). The aims of the current study were to replicate the results of our pilot study using a frameless stereotaxy as opposed to the standard and routinely used procedure. We also studied the effects of low frequency rTMS. Patients and method: Seven patients with MCI-V participated in a randomized, controlled, blind study with a crossover design. Each patient received 10 Hz and 1 Hz stimulation over the left DLPFC (an active stimulation site) or the motor cortex (MC; a control stimulation site). Frameless stereotaxy was used to target the DLPFC. The order of sites and frequencies was randomized. A short battery of neuropsychological tests was performed to evaluate executive function, working memory, and psychomotor speed. Results: One session of both high and low frequency rTMS was well tolerated and safe in terms of the cognitive after-effects in patients with MCI-V. We did not observe any significant frequency dependent or stimulation site-dependent cognitive effects of rTMS. Conclusion: We found neither positive nor negative significant effect of either low or high frequency rTMS applied over the DLPFC or the MC, while a mild positive site-specific effect of 10 Hz rTMS was observed in our pilot study on the Stroop interference results. These results suggested that MCI-V is a heterogeneous and poorly defined entity and, thus, rTMS might be useful in a subpopulation of this group of patients.

The effects of different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on intracranial neurotransmitters in patients with swallowing disorders after cerebral infarction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yupeng Du ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Huangwei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Swallowing Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Frequency Rtms

Abstract Objective To study the improvements and mechanism of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on swallowing disorders after cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 60 patients with swallowing disorders were randomly assigned to receive high/low-frequency rTMS treatment, another 30 patients without rTMS treatment were included in the control group. The Kubota’s water-swallowing test, video fluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), and major intracranial neurotransmitters were analyzed before and after treatment. Results No significant difference was observed in the Kubota’s water-swallowing test scores, the VFSS scores, or the levels of intracranial neurotransmitters between the three groups before treatment. The Kubota’s water-swallowing test scores were significantly reduced after high-frequency rTMS treatment than in the control group; the aspiration degree was significantly increased after high-frequency rTMS treatment than in the control group; the levels of glutamate and dopamine were significantly increased after high-frequency rTMS treatment than in the control group; Moreover, the Kubota’s water-swallowing test scores were significantly reduced after high-frequency rTMS treatment than after low-frequency rTMS treatment; the levels of glutamate and dopamine were significantly increased after high-frequency rTMS treatment than after low-frequency rTMS treatment. Conclusions High-frequency rTMS was effective for swallowing disorders, which may be related to increased levels of intracranial glutamate and dopamine.

scholarly journals Individualized Responses to Ipsilesional High-Frequency and Contralesional Low-Frequency rTMS in Chronic Stroke: A Pilot Study to Support the Individualization of Neuromodulation for Rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Harvey Kindred ◽  
Elizabeth Carr Wonsetler ◽  
Charalambos Costas Charalambous ◽  
Shraddha Srivastava ◽  
Barbara Khalibinzwa Marebwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Low Frequency Rtms

Simulations of high-resolution images of amorphous silicon films

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
G. Y. Fan ◽  
J. M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Fourier Transformation ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Structure Information ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Spatial Frequency Spectrum

It is well known that the structure information on the specimen is not always faithfully transferred through the electron microscope. Firstly, the spatial frequency spectrum is modulated by the transfer function (TF) at the focal plane. Secondly, the spectrum suffers high frequency cut-off by the aperture (or effectively damping terms such as chromatic aberration). While these do not have essential effect on imaging crystal periodicity as long as the low order Bragg spots are inside the aperture, although the contrast may be reversed, they may change the appearance of images of amorphous materials completely. Because the spectrum of amorphous materials is continuous, modulation of it emphasizes some components while weakening others. Especially the cut-off of high frequency components, which contribute to amorphous image just as strongly as low frequency components can have a fundamental effect. This can be illustrated through computer simulation. Imaging of a whitenoise object with an electron microscope without TF limitation gives Fig. 1a, which is obtained by Fourier transformation of a constant amplitude combined with random phases generated by computer.

SEM image sharpness analysis

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
M. T. Postek ◽  
A. E. Vladar
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Primary Electron ◽  
Image Sharpness ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Frequency Changes ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Fully automated or semi-automated scanning electron microscopes (SEM) are now commonly used in semiconductor production and other forms of manufacturing. The industry requires that an automated instrument must be routinely capable of 5 nm resolution (or better) at 1.0 kV accelerating voltage for the measurement of nominal 0.25-0.35 micrometer semiconductor critical dimensions. Testing and proving that the instrument is performing at this level on a day-by-day basis is an industry need and concern which has been the object of a study at NIST and the fundamentals and results are discussed in this paper.In scanning electron microscopy, two of the most important instrument parameters are the size and shape of the primary electron beam and any image taken in a scanning electron microscope is the result of the sample and electron probe interaction. The low frequency changes in the video signal, collected from the sample, contains information about the larger features and the high frequency changes carry information of finer details. The sharper the image, the larger the number of high frequency components making up that image. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis of an SEM image can be employed to provide qualitiative and ultimately quantitative information regarding the SEM image quality.

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