Clinical concordance with Image Gently guidelines for pediatric computed tomography: a study across 663,417 CT scans at 53 clinical facilities

Precise localization and excision of the originating site of a sinonasal inverted papilloma is essential for decreasing tumor recurrence. In this study we evaluated the use of preoperative computed tomography (CT) to pinpoint the attachment/origi-nating sites of the tumor.

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Metacarpal Bony Dimensions Related to Headless Compression Screw Sizes

Journal of Hand and Microsurgery ◽

10.1055/s-0039-3400443 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (S 01) ◽

pp. S39-S44

Author(s):

Michael Okoli ◽

Kevin Lutsky ◽

Michael Rivlin ◽

Brian Katt ◽

Pedro Beredjiklian

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Fracture Fixation ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Compression Screw ◽

Metacarpal Head ◽

Headless Compression Screw ◽

Metacarpal Bones ◽

Headless Compression Screws ◽

The Mean ◽

Distal Aspect

Abstract Introduction The purpose of this study is to determine the radiographic dimensions of the finger metacarpals and to compare these measurements with headless compression screws commonly used for fracture fixation. Materials and Methods We analyzed computed tomography (CT) scans of the index, long, ring, and small metacarpal bones and measured the metacarpal length, distance from the isthmus to the metacarpal head, and intramedullary diameter of the isthmus. Metacarpals with previous fractures or hardware were excluded. We compared these dimensions with the size of several commercially available headless screws used for intramedullary fixation. Results A total of 223 metacarpals from 57 patients were analyzed. The index metacarpal was the longest, averaging 67.6 mm in length. The mean distance from the most distal aspect of the metacarpal head to the isthmus was 40.3, 39.5, 34.4, and 31 mm for the index, long, ring, and small metacarpals, respectively. The narrowest diameter of the isthmus was a mean of 2.6, 2.7, 2.3, and 3 mm for the index, long, ring, and small metacarpals, respectively. Of 33 commercially available screws, only 27% percent reached the isthmus of the index metacarpal followed by 42, 48, and 58% in the long, ring, and small metacarpals, respectively. Conclusion The index and long metacarpals are at a particular risk of screw mismatch given their relatively long lengths and narrow isthmus diameters.

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Conditional CT Strategy—An Effective Tool to Reduce Negative Appendectomy Rate and the Overuse of the CT

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10112456 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2456

Author(s):

Raminta Luksaite-Lukste ◽

Ruta Kliokyte ◽

Arturas Samuilis ◽

Eugenijus Jasiunas ◽

Martynas Luksta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Acute Appendicitis ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Surgical Outcomes ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Negative Appendectomy ◽

Transabdominal Ultrasound ◽

First Choice ◽

Negative Appendectomy Rate

(1) Background: Diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA) remains challenging; either computed tomography (CT) is universally used or negative appendectomy rates of up to 30% are reported. Transabdominal ultrasound (TUS) as the first-choice imaging modality might be useful in adult patients to reduce the need for CT scans while maintaining low negative appendectomy (NA) rates. The aim of this study was to report the results of the conditional CT strategy for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. (2) Methods: All patients suspected of acute appendicitis were prospectively registered from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018. Data on their clinical, radiological and surgical outcomes are presented. (3) Results: A total of 1855 patients were enrolled in our study: 1206 (65.0%) were women, 649 (35.0%) were men, and the median age was 34 years (IQR, 24.5–51). TUS was performed in 1851 (99.8%) patients, and CT in 463 (25.0%) patients. Appendices were not visualized on TUS in 1320 patients (71.3%). Furthermore, 172 (37.1%) of 463 CTs were diagnosed with AA, 42 (9.1%) CTs revealed alternative emergency diagnosis and 249 (53.8%) CTs were normal. Overall, 519 (28.0%) patients were diagnosed with AA: 464 appendectomies and 27 diagnostic laparoscopies were performed. The NA rate was 4.2%. The sensitivity and specificity for TUS and CT are as follows: 71.4% and 96.2%; 93.8% and 93.6%. (4) Conclusion: A conditional CT strategy is effective in reducing NA rates and avoids unnecessary CT in a large proportion of patients. Observation and repeated TUS might be useful in unclear cases.

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Modelling growth curves of the normal infant’s mandible: 3D measurements using computed tomography

Clinical Oral Investigations ◽

10.1007/s00784-021-03937-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jan Aart M. Schipper ◽

Manouk J. S. van Lieshout ◽

Stefan Böhringer ◽

Bonnie L. Padwa ◽

Simon G. F. Robben ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Growth Models ◽

Normal Growth ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Mandibular Ramus ◽

Linear Measurements ◽

Mandibular Growth ◽

Gonial Angle ◽

Mandibular Body

Abstract Objectives Data on normal mandibular development in the infant is lacking though essential to understand normal growth patterns and to discriminate abnormal growth. The aim of this study was to provide normal linear measurements of the mandible using computed tomography performed in infants from 0 to 2 years of age. Material and methods 3D voxel software was used to calculate mandibular body length, mandibular ramus length, bicondylar width, bigonial width and the gonial angle. Intra- and inter-rater reliability was assessed for these measurements. They were found to be sufficient for all distances; intra-class correlation coefficients were all above 0.9. Regression analysis for growth modelling was performed. Results In this multi-centre retrospective study, 109 CT scans were found eligible that were performed for various reasons (e.g. trauma, craniosynostosis, craniofacial abscesses). Craniosynostosis patients had larger mandibular measurements compared to non-craniosynostosis patients and were therefore excluded. Fifty-one CT scans were analysed. Conclusions Analysis showed that the mandible increases more in size vertically (the mandibular ramus) than horizontally (the mandibular body). Most of the mandibular growth occurs in the first 6 months. Clinical relevance These growth models provide insight into normal mandibular development in the first 2 years of life. This reference data facilitates discrimination between normal and abnormal mandibular growth.

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Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography Scan in Young Athletes With Spondylolysis

Clinical Pediatrics ◽

10.1177/0009922819832643 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 58 (6) ◽

pp. 671-676

Author(s):

Amy M. West ◽

Pierre A. d’Hemecourt ◽

Olivia J. Bono ◽

Lyle J. Micheli ◽

Dai Sugimoto

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Computed Tomography ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Ct Scan ◽

False Negative ◽

False Negative Rate ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Young Athletes ◽

Negative Rate

The objective of this study was to determine diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans in young athletes diagnosed with spondylolysis. A cross-sectional study was used. Twenty-two young athletes (14.7 ± 1.5 years) were diagnosed as spondylolysis based on a single-photon emission CT. Following the diagnosis, participants underwent MRI and CT scan imaging tests on the same day. The sensitivity and false-negative rate of the MRI and CT scans were analyzed. MRI test confirmed 13 (+) and 9 (−) results while CT test showed 17 (+) and 5 (−) results. The sensitivity and false-negative rate of MRI were, respectively, 59.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 36.7% to 78.5%) and 40.9% (95% CI = 21.5% to 63.3%). Furthermore, the sensitivity and false-negative rate of CT scan were 77.3% (95% CI = 54.2% to 91.3%) and 22.7% (95% CI = 0.09% to 45.8%). Our results indicated that CT scan is a more accurate imaging modality to diagnose spondylolysis compared with MRI in young athletes.

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X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY STUDIES OF PREHISTORIC CERAMIC ARTIFACTS

International Journal of Modern Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1142/s2010194514601355 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 1460135

Author(s):

CARMEN PAVEL ◽

FLORIN CONSTANTIN ◽

COSMIN IOAN SUCIU ◽

ROXANA BUGOI

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cultural Heritage ◽

Nuclear Physics ◽

Structural Information ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Visual Examination ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Computed ◽

Internal Configuration ◽

Non Destructive

X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is a powerful non-destructive technique that can yield interesting structural information not discernible through visual examination only. This paper presents the results of the CT scans of four objects belonging to the Romanian cultural heritage attributed to the Vinča, Cucuteni and Cruceni-Belegiš cultures. The study was performed with an X-ray tomographic device developed at the Department for Applied Nuclear Physics from Horia Hulubei National Institute for Nuclear Physics and Engineering in Măgurele, Romania. This apparatus was specially designed for archaeometric studies of low-Z artifacts: ceramic, wood, bone. The tomographic investigations revealed the internal configuration of the objects and provided information about the degree to which the previous manipulations affected the archaeological items. Based on the X-ray images resulting from the CT scans, hints about the techniques used in the manufacturing of the artifacts were obtained, as well as some indications useful for conservation/restoration purposes.

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TCT-666 Short-roll C-arm computed tomography (C-arm CT) scans to guide transcatheter aortic valve replacements

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.jacc.2014.07.736 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 64 (11) ◽

pp. B194

Author(s):

John Bracken ◽

Michael S. Kim ◽

John C. Messenger ◽

Joseph Cleveland ◽

David Fullerton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Aortic Valve ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Transcatheter Aortic Valve

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Unusual case of malignant pleural mesothelioma

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2021-243803 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. e243803

Author(s):

Timothy Johanan Rajaratnam ◽

Jurgen Herre

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Unusual Case ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Pleural Mesothelioma ◽

Pleural Effusions ◽

Multidisciplinary Team Meeting ◽

Distal Oesophagus ◽

Medical Thoracoscopy ◽

Supportive Management ◽

Progressive Dysphagia

We present the case of a 65-year-old woman who presented with progressive dysphagia and was diagnosed with achalasia. She subsequently developed bilateral chylous pleural effusions, with no cause identified despite extensive investigations (including computed tomography (CT) scans, gastroscopy and medical thoracoscopy (MT)) and review at a dedicated pleural multidisciplinary team meeting.Despite optimal supportive management she deteriorated and was admitted to the intensive care unit, where she passed away due to sepsis and respiratory failure 10 months after initial presentation. A postmortem returned a diagnosis of epithelioid mesothelioma, encasing the carina, distal oesophagus and coeliac axis.Mesothelioma only very rarely presents with either chylous effusions or achalasia. Additionally while MT normally conveys excellent sensitivity for pleural malignancy, it was insufficient here. This case highlights how an unusually located mesothelioma can produce an unusual clinical picture. It also suggests a role for early video-assisted thoracoscopy to aid diagnosis.

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Congenital Vertebral Malformations In French Bulldogs: X-Ray Vs Computed Tomography

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:11508 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

Lucia Madalina CORLAT ◽

B. BLANCO ◽

R. LUCERNA ◽

P. J. GINEL ◽

F. MIRO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Vertebral Body ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Spinal Level ◽

X Ray ◽

Clinical Evolution ◽

Important Impact ◽

Degree Of Certainty ◽

French Bulldog ◽

Superposition Effect

Congenital vertebral malformations of the thoracolumbar area can have an important impact in the clinical evolution of French Bulldogs due to the instability it creates at the spinal level. The aim of this study is to show the differences between x-ray and CT scans in vertebral malformations of the French Bulldog. CT scans can offer a higher degree of certainty in the diagnosis of congenital vertebral malformations of the dogs. The VR model can offer a more thorough evaluation of the existing modifications of the vertebral body, allowing the examiner to circumvent the superposition effect than can be observed in the x-ray views and offering the chance to evaluate whether there is scoliosis or kyphosis present.

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ONE OR TWO SCREWS IN THE FRACTURE OF THE ODONTOID PROCESS? EVALUATION USING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

Coluna/Columna ◽

10.1590/s1808-185120151403147309 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 210-213

Author(s):

Carlos Alexandre Botelho do Amaral ◽

Edgar Taira Nakagawa ◽

Leonardo Ternis Ferreira ◽

José Sergio Franco ◽

Robinson Esteves Santos Pires ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Process Evaluation ◽

Odontoid Process ◽

T Test ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Transverse Diameter ◽

Bone Area ◽

Men And Women ◽

Male And Female ◽

Operative Planning

Objective:To evaluate the bone area of the odontoid process through computed tomography and its relation with the area of one and two screws in the male and female subjects.Methods:188 CT scans of adults were analyzed. The isthmus area was selected and the transverse diameter was measured at 1.2 mm from the base of odontoid.Results:After placement of a screw, the odontoid area remains with 82% of free bone for both men and women. With two screws, 45.6% of women, had a free bone area of the odontoid process between 50% and 75% and 54.4% were above 75%. 26.6% men had percentage from 50% to 75% of free bone area and 73.4% above 75% (p=0.07). After the placement of two screws, the bone area was, in average, 77.3% in men and 75.4% in women. Using the Student t-test, the differences between the average of percentage of free bone area in men and women are significantly lower in women (p=0.0012).Conclusion:The pre-operative planning through CT can help to choose the number of screws in the odontoid process. The choice should be particularly careful when using two screws in women.

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