scholarly journals Modelling growth curves of the normal infant’s mandible: 3D measurements using computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Aart M. Schipper ◽  
Manouk J. S. van Lieshout ◽  
Stefan Böhringer ◽  
Bonnie L. Padwa ◽  
Simon G. F. Robben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Mandibular Body

Abstract Objectives Data on normal mandibular development in the infant is lacking though essential to understand normal growth patterns and to discriminate abnormal growth. The aim of this study was to provide normal linear measurements of the mandible using computed tomography performed in infants from 0 to 2 years of age. Material and methods 3D voxel software was used to calculate mandibular body length, mandibular ramus length, bicondylar width, bigonial width and the gonial angle. Intra- and inter-rater reliability was assessed for these measurements. They were found to be sufficient for all distances; intra-class correlation coefficients were all above 0.9. Regression analysis for growth modelling was performed. Results In this multi-centre retrospective study, 109 CT scans were found eligible that were performed for various reasons (e.g. trauma, craniosynostosis, craniofacial abscesses). Craniosynostosis patients had larger mandibular measurements compared to non-craniosynostosis patients and were therefore excluded. Fifty-one CT scans were analysed. Conclusions Analysis showed that the mandible increases more in size vertically (the mandibular ramus) than horizontally (the mandibular body). Most of the mandibular growth occurs in the first 6 months. Clinical relevance These growth models provide insight into normal mandibular development in the first 2 years of life. This reference data facilitates discrimination between normal and abnormal mandibular growth.

Mandibular ramus height and condyle distance asymmetries in individuals with different facial growth patterns: a cone-beam computed tomography study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Reis Lemes ◽  
Carolina Fernandes Tozzi ◽  
Saulo Gribel ◽  
Bruno Frazão Gribel ◽  
Giovana Cherubini Venezian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Ramus Height

scholarly journals Correlation Between Gonial Angle And Mandibular Symphysis Width In South Indian Dravidian Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 1132-1135
Author(s):  
Anjali Anna Thomas ◽  
Harish Babu ◽  
Remmiya Mary Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Mandibular Symphysis ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Vertical Growth ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Horizontal Growth ◽  
Vertical Growth Pattern

Mandibular growth pattern (MGP) prediction plays an important role in orthodontic treatment planning. This study sought to assess the mandibular symphyseal width in adolescents with different mandibular growth patterns (MGPs) so as to see whether a correlation exists. This study was conducted on 90 lateral cephalograms of patients aged between 10 and 16 years. The subjects were divided into normo-divergent, hypodivergent and hyperdivergent subgroups based on the gonial angle. The symphyseal measurement included width or depth of the mandibular symphysis according to Akietal study. He suggested that a mandible with anterior growth direction was associated with a large depth of the symphysis. In contrast, a mandible with a posterior growth direction was associated with a small depth of symphysis. To assess the correlation between mandibular symphyseal width and mandibular growth pattern, Pearson’s correlation test was done. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2 tailed). A P-value which is less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mandibular symphyseal width was found to be strongly associated with the MGP. It can be inferred from the results that in vertical growth pattern, as the gonial angle increases, symphyseal width decreases and in horizontal growth pattern, as the gonial angle decreases, symphyseal width increases. Also, in vertical growth pattern subjects, the mandibular symphyseal width is narrower. In contrast, in horizontal growth pattern subjects, the mandibular symphyseal width is wider.

Aspects of mandibular morphology, with specific reference to the antegonial notch and the curve of Spee

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Salem ◽  
Fares Al-Sehaibany ◽  
C. Brian Preston
Keyword(s):  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Curve Of Spee ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mandibular Body ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pre Treatment

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether particular metrical traits of the mandibular antegonial notches are associated with specific mandibular growth patterns, and also with the mean depth of the curve of Spee. Thirty pre-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs belonging to a randomly selected group of patients treated in the orthodontic clinic at the SUNY at Buffalo were digitized. The surface areas of the mandibular antegonial notches, as well as some sagittal facial dimensions were measured on each radiograph. The curve of Spee was measured directly from the pre-treatment mandibular study cast of each patient included in this study. An analysis of variance showed no statistically significant difference (p<0.01) between the measurements recorded by the two examiners who conducted this study. The results of this study showed a statistically significant positive correlation between the surface areas of the antegonial notches and the lower anterior facial heights (r= 0.87, P<0.001). At the same time a statistically significant negative correlation was found between the surface areas of the antegonial notches and the lengths of the mandibular bodies (r= -0.9, P<0.001). A significant negative statistical relationship was shown to exist between the lower anterior facial heights and the lengths of the corresponding mandibular bodies, and also between the depths of the curves of Spee and the surface area of the respective antegonial notches (r= -0.85, P< 0.002). The results of this study indicate that an increase in the areas of the antegonial notches is associated with a tendency for greater vertical growth of the mandible. The results further suggest that the depth of the curve of Spee and the length of the mandibular body are decreased when there is an increase in the surface areas of the antegonial notches.

A Retrospective CBCT Study of the Relationship between Mandibular Symphysis Bone Density and Mandibular Growth Direction

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-365
Author(s):  
Jong-Moon Chae ◽  
Jay Gousman ◽  
Jung Won Seo ◽  
R Curtis Bay ◽  
Seong-Suk Jue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Mandibular Symphysis ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Adolescent Patients ◽  
Sagittal Slice ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the relationship between mandibular symphysis bone density (BD) and mandibular growth direction in adolescent patients by facilitating the measurement of cortical and cancellous BDs at the mandibular symphysis using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Study Design: 224 adolescent patients (98 males and 126 females) were categorized by sex, age, and mandibular growth direction. Cortical and cancellous BDs were measured along with a sagittal slice at multiple locations. Results: Females exhibited higher cortical BD than males at menton (Me, P =0.002). Patients with a posterior growth direction exhibited a higher cortical BD than those with anterior and normal growth direction at Me (P <0.021, P <0.001, respectively), pogonion (Pog, P =0.037, P =0.037, respectively) and genion (Ge, P =0.007, P =0.008, respectively). Patients with a posterior growth direction exhibited a higher cortical BD than those with anterior growth direction at B point (P =0.009). Conclusions: Significant differences in BD were identified across anthropometric categories. These findings may be useful in determining mandibular growth direction in adolescents.

Relationships Between the Gonial Angle and Mandibular Ramus Morphology in Dentate Subjects: A Panoramic Radiophotometric Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Ogawa ◽  
Shigeo Osato ◽  
Yuichi Shishido ◽  
Michio Okada. DDS ◽  
Kimiharu Misaki
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Oral Rehabilitation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Mandibular Body ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Analysis of dental panoramic radiographs (DPRs) is an indispensable diagnostic tool for dental implants both pre and post operation. Many studies on linear and angular morphometry of the mandibular body have been conducted, but those on the mandibular ramus have not yet been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the morphometric parameters of the mandibular ramus between high and low gonial angles (GAs) on DPRs as well as between genders, and to determine the relationships between GA and variables of the mandibular ramus morphometry. The DPRs of 156 dentate subjects (78 for each gender) with more than 15 teeth present, a mean age of 49.54 years, and a mean number of teeth of 26.20 were examined. The films were divided into the following 2 groups of GA: less than 120° (low gonial angle, LGA) and more than 125° (high gonial angle, HGA) in both the right and left sides. The parameters for Ar′-Go, MaF-Go, RW, and RD in the LGA group were significantly larger than those in the HGA group in both men and women, but that for the ramus angle (RA) was significantly smaller in the LGA group than in the HGA group. Significant gender differences in the 2 GA groups were recognized with respect to the Ar′-Go, MaF-Go, RW, and RD parameters. Significant negative low and moderate correlations were found between GA and the Ar′-Go, MaF-Go, RW, and RD variables, whereas significant positive low correlation was found between GA and the RA variable. Within the limits of this study, the analysis of the mandibular ramus morphometry on DPRs in terms of GA size and gender was found to be useful for devising a highly predictive and strategic plan for implant-supported oral rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Orthopantomography and use of Mandibular Indices for the Evaluation of Gender Distribution in Navi Mumbai Population - A Retrospective, Single Blind Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Priyanka Vijay Patil ◽  
Manali Kulkarni ◽  
Sandeep Pagare ◽  
Naveen Shetty ◽  
Hemant Bhutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Desktop Computer ◽  
Gender Determination ◽  
Margin Of Error ◽  
Mandibular Body ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ramus Height

Introduction: The study of forensic sciences often leaves the forensic expert to draw conclusions from any and every material available in determining the identity of the deceased. The initial step in identifying a person is to determine their gender based on their adult skeleton. The human skeleton displays sexual dimorphism, of which the skull is most dimorphic providing an accurateness of 92%. However, in certain situations where the skull may not be found intact, the mandible plays a vital role. The mandible's thick covering of compact bone helps keep it from exploding during a mass tragedy. Dimorphism in the mandible is gender specific and is mainly reflected in its shape and size. The mandible is also easily radiographed and specific linear measurements of the mandibular rami as seen on an OPG are useful indices for gender determination.  Aims: To examine the efficacy of mandibular rami measures such as maximum ramus breadth, maximum ramus height, minimum ramus breadth, condylar height, coronoid height, mandibular body length and gonial angles on the right and left side of an OPG in determining gender. Materials and methods: 110 digital OPG’s (55 males, 55 females) of a Navi Mumbai population were obtained retrospectively from a reputed dental college and hospital. The OPG’s were taken using Xtropan 2000 OPG machine, 10x12 PSP plates, exposure parameters of 75 Kvp, 8 mas, 13 sec, and KODAK CR 7400 digitizer. Master View 3.0 software was used on the desktop computer to measure the mandibular ramus's width and thickness. Maximum ramus breadth, Maximum Ramus height and lowest ramus breadth of the mandibular rami, as well as the height of the condyle and the coronoid bone, and the length of the mandibular body and gonial angles on the right and left sides of the mouth, were all measured. Using a statistical formula, the measurements were substituted and gender was estimated. Result: We used the IBM SPSS v 21.0 statistical software for social sciences to do our statistical study. p0.05 was deemed statistically significant, with a 5% margin of error and a 20% margin of error, giving the study an 80 percent power. In the study group, 51 of the 55 men were expected to be males, while 49 of the 55 females were anticipated to be females, while 6 of the 55 females were predicted to be males. Conclusion: This research shows that the mandibular ramus is a useful tool for determining gender, and digital panoramic imaging yielded the best accurate linear measures. There was considerable sexual dimorphism in the mandibular ramus in the chosen Navi – Mumbai subpopulation, and the combination of 8 factors demonstrated an accuracy of 91.81 percent and was helpful for gender determination.

scholarly journals Relationship of Mandibular Ramus Dimensions to Lower Third Molar Impaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talat Hasan Al-Gunaid ◽  
Abdul Kadir Bukhari ◽  
Sara M. El Khateeb ◽  
Masaki Yamaki
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Student’S T

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the mandibular ramus features that could contribute to the etiology of mandibular third molar impaction. Materials and Methods Two hundred and forty subjects were divided into two groups: impacted group: 115 subjects presented with an impacted mandibular third molar, and control group: 125 subjects with the normal mandibular third molar eruption. Digital panoramic radiographs were used, and four angular and twelve linear measurements were done. Comparisons between groups were done using Student's t-test. Pearson correlation and linear regression tests were used to assess the degree of relationship between retromolar space and mandibular measurements. Results Control group showed significant greater measurements in most of the variables, whereas the impacted group showed significant larger gonial angle and larger inclination of lower posterior teeth than the control group. Significant correlations were found between retromolar space and coronoid height, ramal heights, ramus notch depths, the inclination of lower posterior teeth, and retromolar space/3M width ratio in both groups. Conclusion The present study found that the configuration of the mandibular ramus appears to be discrete in many aspects in the erupted other than impacted lower third molars subjects, which might be a possible cause for the impaction.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS OF BONE STRUCTURES ON CT-SCANS OF PATIENTS WITH SINONASAL INVERTED PAPILLOMAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-595
Author(s):  
Arkadiy Naumenko ◽  
Kseniya Sapova ◽  
Oleg Konoplev ◽  
Svetlana Astashchenko ◽  
Igor Chernushevich
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Inverted Papilloma ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Precise Localization ◽  
Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma ◽  
Bone Structures ◽  
Inverted Papillomas

Precise localization and excision of the originating site of a sinonasal inverted papilloma is essential for decreasing tumor recurrence. In this study we evaluated the use of preoperative computed tomography (CT) to pinpoint the attachment/origi-nating sites of the tumor.

scholarly journals Accuracy and Reproducibility of Facial Measurements of Digital Photographs and Wrapped Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Photographs

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Maged Sultan Alhammadi ◽  
Abeer Abdulkareem Al-mashraqi ◽  
Rayid Hussain Alnami ◽  
Nawaf Mohammad Ashqar ◽  
Omar Hassan Alamir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Digital Photographs ◽  
Gonial Angle

The study sought to assess whether the soft tissue facial profile measurements of direct Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and wrapped CBCT images of non-standardized facial photographs are accurate compared to the standardized digital photographs. In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with an age range of 18–30 years, who were indicated for CBCT, were enrolled. Two facial photographs were taken per patient: standardized and random (non-standardized). The non-standardized ones were wrapped with the CBCT images. The most used soft tissue facial profile landmarks/parameters (linear and angular) were measured on direct soft tissue three-dimensional (3D) images and on the photographs wrapped over the 3D-CBCT images, and then compared to the standardized photographs. The reliability analysis was performed using concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and depicted graphically using Bland–Altman plots. Most of the linear and angular measurements showed high reliability (0.91 to 0.998). Nevertheless, four soft tissue measurements were unreliable; namely, posterior gonial angle (0.085 and 0.11 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively), mandibular plane angle (0.006 and 0.0016 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively), posterior facial height (0.63 and 0.62 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively) and total soft tissue facial convexity (0.52 for both wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively). The soft tissue facial profile measurements from either the direct 3D-CBCT images or the wrapped CBCT images of non-standardized frontal photographs were accurate, and can be used to analyze most of the soft tissue facial profile measurements.

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