Intraosseous hibernoma of the appendicular skeleton

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Gitto ◽  
Thom Doeleman ◽  
Michiel A. J. van de Sande ◽  
Kirsten van Langevelde
Keyword(s):  
Appendicular Skeleton

A standardized terminology of spines in the order Siluriformes (Actinopterygii: Ostariophysi)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo A Ballen ◽  
Mario C C De Pinna
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Anatomical Nomenclature ◽  
Standardized Terminology ◽  
The Cost ◽  
First Time ◽  
Terminology System

Abstract A standardized terminology for the anatomy of pectoral- and dorsal-fin spines in the order Siluriformes is proposed based on an extensive literature review and direct examination of representatives of the order. The adult anatomy of the spines is described in detail. Terminology of various spine parts are reviewed and standardized, each term provided with a synonymic list organizing previous usage. Most of the structures treated have been recorded and named in the literature, but some are herein named for the first time. A quantitative approach is proposed for orienting decisions on name usage, aiming at minimizing differences between the terminology proposed and the vast amount of pre-existing literature, herein called the cost function. It is expected that this system will aid efforts in organizing the chaotic anatomical nomenclature of the appendicular skeleton in Siluriformes, and provide a solid basis for advances in comparative anatomy and nomenclature. The proposed terminology system has potential application on a number of fields that utilize information from catfish spines, ranging from taxonomy to phylogenetic systematics to paleontology and archaeology.

scholarly journals How Can a Deep Learning Algorithm Improve Fracture Detection on X-rays in the Emergency Room?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Guillaume Reichert ◽  
Ali Bellamine ◽  
Matthieu Fontaine ◽  
Beatrice Naipeanu ◽  
Adrien Altar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Fracture Detection ◽  
Local Data

The growing need for emergency imaging has greatly increased the number of conventional X-rays, particularly for traumatic injury. Deep learning (DL) algorithms could improve fracture screening by radiologists and emergency room (ER) physicians. We used an algorithm developed for the detection of appendicular skeleton fractures and evaluated its performance for detecting traumatic fractures on conventional X-rays in the ER, without the need for training on local data. This algorithm was tested on all patients (N = 125) consulting at the Louis Mourier ER in May 2019 for limb trauma. Patients were selected by two emergency physicians from the clinical database used in the ER. Their X-rays were exported and analyzed by a radiologist. The prediction made by the algorithm and the annotation made by the radiologist were compared. For the 125 patients included, 25 patients with a fracture were identified by the clinicians, 24 of whom were identified by the algorithm (sensitivity of 96%). The algorithm incorrectly predicted a fracture in 14 of the 100 patients without fractures (specificity of 86%). The negative predictive value was 98.85%. This study shows that DL algorithms are potentially valuable diagnostic tools for detecting fractures in the ER and could be used in the training of junior radiologists.

Gout in the Axial Skeleton

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUKMINI M. KONATALAPALLI ◽  
PAUL J. DEMARCO ◽  
JAMES S. JELINEK ◽  
MARK MURPHEY ◽  
MICHAEL GIBSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facet Joint ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Pars Interarticularis ◽  
A Prospective Study

Objective.Gout typically affects the peripheral joints of the appendicular skeleton and rarely involves the axial joints. The literature on axial gout is limited to case reports and case series. This preliminary study was conducted to identify the frequency and characteristics of axial gout.Methods.Six hundred thirty medical records with ICD codes 274.0, 274.82, and 274.9 for peripheral gout were reviewed. Ninety-two patients had clinical or crystal-proven gout, of which 64 had prior computed tomography (CT) images of the spine performed for various medical reasons. These CT images were reviewed for features of axial gout, which include vertebral erosions mainly at the discovertebral junction and the facet joints, deposits of tophi, and erosions in the vertebral body, epidural space, ligamentum flavum and pars interarticularis.Results.Nine of the 64 patients had radiographic changes suggestive of axial gout. Lumbar vertebrae were most commonly involved, with facet joint erosions being the most common finding. Isolated involvement of the sacroiliac joints was seen in 2 patients. Axial gout had been diagnosed clinically in only one patient.Conclusion.Radiologic changes of axial gout were more common than recognized clinically, with a frequency of 14%. Since not all patients had CT images, it is possible that the frequency of axial involvement was even greater. A prospective study is needed to further define this process.

Multiple Pathologic Fractures of the Appendicular Skeleton in a Patient with Cushing??s Disease

1987 ◽  
Vol &NA; (216) ◽  
pp. 171???175
Author(s):  
FREDERICK S. KAPLAN ◽  
VINCENT J. C. LEONE ◽  
MICHAEL D. FALLON ◽  
JOHN G. HADDAD ◽  
CARL T. BRIGHTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Pathologic Fractures

Chondroblastoma of the lumbar spine

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaël Vialle ◽  
Antoine Feydy ◽  
Ludovic Rillardon ◽  
Carla Tohme-Noun ◽  
Philippe Anract ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Osteolytic Lesion ◽  
Radicular Pain ◽  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Anterior Posterior ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Chondroblastoma is a benign cartilaginous neoplasm that generally affects the appendicular skeleton. Twenty-six cases of spinal chondroblastoma have been reported in the past 50 years, only six of which were located in the lumbar region. The authors report two cases involving this exceptional location. In both patients, low-back pain, in the absence of radicular pain, was the presenting symptom. In both cases, plain radiography and computerized tomography scanning revealed an osteolytic lesion surrounded by marginal sclerosis. Magnetic resonance imaging allowed the authors to study the tumor's local extension. Examination of a percutaneous fluoroscopy-guided biopsy sample revealed the following typical histological features of chondroblastoma: chondroid tissue, focally alternating with cellular areas, and no nuclear atypia or pleomorphism. To reduce the risk of local recurrence, vertebrectomy and anterior—posterior fusion were performed in both cases. In one case, a structural lumbar scoliosis was corrected during the posterior procedure. There was no postoperative complication. No recurrence was observed during the 3- to 6-year follow-up period. The surgery-related results were deemed successful. Although exceptional, the diagnosis of chondroblastoma is possible in lesions involving the lumbar spine. Other spinal locations are described in the literature, and frequency of recurrence is stressed. A vertebrectomy is advised to reduce the risk of local recurrence.

scholarly journals On the appendicular skeleton of the primates

1867 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 320-321
Keyword(s):  
Relative Size ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Pelvic Limb ◽  
The Absolute

The author began by mentioning the principal variations found in the order Primates, as to the absolute and relative length of the pectoral limb with and without the manus; and then taking each bone separately, described the modifications undergone by each in all the genera of the order; as also the relative size of the segments and bones of the limb compared to each other and to the spine. The pelvic limb was then similarly treated of, and, in addition, its segments and bones were compared with the homo-typal segments and bones of the pectoral limb. The author after this reconsidered the question as to the use of the terms “hand” and “foot,” and the applicability of the term “Quadru-manous” to Apes and Lemuroids.

scholarly journals Scaling of the appendicular skeleton of the giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis)

2014 ◽  
Vol 276 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybrand van Sittert ◽  
John Skinner ◽  
Graham Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Giraffa Camelopardalis
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