Detection of Lymph Node Micrometastases and Isolated Tumor Cells in Sentinel and Nonsentinel Lymph Nodes of Colon Cancer Patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1172-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Bembenek ◽  
Ulrike Schneider ◽  
Stephan Gretschel ◽  
Joerg Fischer ◽  
Peter M. Schlag
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Isolated Tumor Cells ◽  
Lymph Node Micrometastases

Lymph Node Micrometastases and Isolated Tumor Cells Influence Survival in Stage I and II Colon Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne E. Faerden ◽  
Ole H. Sjo ◽  
Ida R. K. Bukholm ◽  
Solveig Norheim Andersen ◽  
Aud Svindland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Isolated Tumor Cells ◽  
Lymph Node Micrometastases

The prognostic significance of isolated tumor cells in the lymph nodes of gastric cancer patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Fukagawa ◽  
Mitsuru Sasako ◽  
Seiji Ito ◽  
Hayao Nakanishi ◽  
Hisae Iinuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Isolated Tumor Cells ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Detection of Tumor Cells in Lymph Nodes of Colon Cancer Patients Using Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction

2009 ◽  
pp. 257-268
Author(s):  
Lina Ohlsson ◽  
Anne Israelsson ◽  
Åke Öberg ◽  
Marie-Louise Hammarström ◽  
Gudrun Lindmark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Clinicopathological Factors Influencing Lymph Node Yield in Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Orsenigo ◽  
Giulia Gasparini ◽  
Michele Carlucci
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Lymph Node Yield ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Lymph Node Retrieval

Many colorectal resections do not meet the minimum of 12 lymph nodes (LNs) recommended by the American Joint Committee on Cancer for accurate staging of colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting the number of the adequate nodal yield in colorectal specimens subject to routine pathological assessment. We have retrospectively analysed the data of 2319 curatively resected colorectal cancer patients in San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, between 1993 and 2017 (1259 colon cancer patients and 675 rectal cancer patients plus 385 rectal cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy). The factors influencing lymph node retrieval were subjected to uni- and multivariate analyses. Moreover, a survival analysis was carried out to verify the prognostic implications of nodal counts. The mean number of evaluated nodes was 24.08±11.4, 20.34±11.8, and 15.33±9.64 in surgically treated right-sided colon cancer, left-sided colon cancer, and rectal tumors, respectively. More than 12 lymph nodes were reported in surgical specimens in 1094 (86.9%) cases in the colon cohort and in 425 (63%) cases in the rectal cohort, and patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation were analysed separately. On univariate analysis of the colon cancer group, higher LNs counts were associated with female sex, right colon cancer, emergency surgery, pT3-T4 diseases, higher tumor size, and resected specimen length. On multivariate analysis right colon tumors, larger mean size of tumor, length of specimen, pT3-T4 disease, and female sex were found to significantly affect lymph node retrieval. Colon cancer patients with 12 or more lymph nodes removed had a significantly better long-term survival than those with 11 or fewer nodes (P=0.002, log-rank test). Rectal cancer patients with 12 or more lymph nodes removed approached but did not reach a statistically different survival (P=0.055, log-rank test). Multiple tumor and patients’ factors are associated with lymph node yield, but only the removal of at least 12 lymph nodes will reliably determine lymph node status.

Simultaneous Immunohistochemical Detection of Tumor Cells in Lymph Nodes and Bone Marrow Aspirates in Breast Cancer and Its Correlation With Other Prognostic Factors

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 960-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Gerber ◽  
Annette Krause ◽  
Heiner Müller ◽  
Dagmar Richter ◽  
Toralf Reimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

PURPOSE: We studied the prognostic and predictive value of immunohistochemically detected occult tumor cells (OTCs) in lymph nodes and bone marrow aspirates obtained from node-negative breast cancer patients. All were classified as distant metastases-free using conventional staging methods. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 484 patients with pT1-2N0M0 breast cancer and 70 with pT1-2N1M0 breast cancer and a single affected lymph node participated in our trial. Ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes and intraoperatively aspirated bone marrow were examined. All samples were examined for OTCs using monoclonal antibodies to cytokeratins 8, 18, 19. Immunohistological findings were correlated with other prognostic factors. The mean follow-up was 54 ± 24 months. RESULTS: OTCs were detected in 180 (37.2%) of 484 pT1-2N0M0 patients: in the bone marrow of 126 patients (26.0%), in the lymph nodes of 31 patients (6.4%), and in bone marrow and lymph nodes of 23 (4.8%) patients. Of the 70 patients with pT1-2N1MO breast cancer and a single involved lymph node, OTCs were identified in the bone marrow of 26 (37.1%). The ability to detect tumor cells increased with the following tumor features: larger size, poor differentiation, and higher proliferation. Tumors of patients with OTCs more frequently demonstrated lymph node invasion, blood vessel invasion, higher urokinase-type plasminogen activator levels, and increased PAI-1 concentrations. Patients with detected OTCs showed reduced disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OAS) rates that were comparable to those observed in patients who had one positive lymph node. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors revealed that OTCs, histological grading, and tumor size are significant predictors of DFS; OTCs and grading of OAS. CONCLUSION: OTCs detected by simultaneous immunohistochemical analysis of axillary lymph nodes and bone marrow demonstrate independent metastatic pathways. Although OTCs were significantly more frequent in patients with other unfavorable prognostic factors, they were confirmed as an independent prognostic factor for pT1-2N0M0, R0 breast cancer patients.

Clinical lymph node staging by imaging in colorectal cancer: A flip of the coin?

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15160-e15160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelleke Pietronella Maria Brouwer ◽  
Rutger Carel Hubert Stijns ◽  
Lemmens Valery ◽  
Iris D. Nagtegaal ◽  
Regina GH Beets-Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Neoadjuvant Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Lymph Node Staging ◽  
Preoperative Treatment ◽  
Positive Lymph Nodes

e15160 Background: Clinical lymph node staging by MRI and CT is important in stratification for neoadjuvant therapy in colorectal cancer. Overstaging may result in unnecessary neoadjuvant therapy, but understaging may refrain patients from adequate preoperative treatment. This study aims to provide insight in current daily practice in clinical lymph node staging in CRC in the Netherlands. Methods: All patients with primary CRC, diagnosed between 2003-2014, who underwent lymph node dissection were selected from the nationwide population-based Netherlands Cancer Registry (n=100,211). Trends in patient- and tumor-characteristics, and lymph node staging were analyzed. For the years 2011-2014, sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for clinical lymph node staging, with histology as the gold standard. Only patients without preoperative treatment were analyzed. Since prospective studies have shown that 5x5 Gy radiotherapy (RT) followed by total mesorectal excision within 10 days does not lead to nodal downstaging, an additional analysis was performed in this group. Results: The proportion clinically positive lymph nodes increased significantly between 2003-2014; from 7% to 22% for colon cancer and from 7% to 53% for rectal cancer. The proportion histological positive lymph nodes remained fairly stable over time (±35% colon, ±33% rectum). During 2011-2014, clinical lymph node staging was available in the registry in 86% of colon cancer patients, 92% of rectal cancer patients without neoadjuvant treatment and 95% of rectal cancer patients with 5x5 Gy RT. The parameters based on data from this period are presented in table 1. Conclusions: With a sensitivity and PPV of approximately 50%, clinical lymph node staging is about as accurate as flipping a coin. This leads to overtreatment in patients with rectal cancer with neoadjuvant RT. Acceptable specificity and NPV limit the risk of undertreatment. [Table: see text]

Endometrial cancer patients have a significant risk of harboring isolated tumor cells in histologically negative lymph nodes

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1336-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Amezcua ◽  
H. R. Macdonald ◽  
C. A. Lum ◽  
W. Yi ◽  
L. I. Muderspach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Isolated Tumor Cells ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Alive With Disease ◽  
Negative Lymph Nodes

In this study, we examine the prevalence of finding isolated tumor cells (ITCs) in negative lymph nodes of endometrial cancer patients using immunohistochemistry. Seventy-six endometrial cancer patients with lymph nodes histologically negative for metastatic disease were examined. Nodal tissue sections were stained with anticytokeratin antibodies AE-1 and CAM 5.2. Nodes with single or groups of cells (two to four cells) ≤0.2 mm and showing cytokeratin reactivity were positive for ITCs. Findings were compared to features of the primary tumor and patient outcome. ITCs were present in 31 of 1712 lymph nodes. Fifteen (19.7%) patients had ITC-positive nodes. ITCs involved only pelvic nodes in nine cases, only para-aortic nodes in five cases, and pelvic and para-aortic in one case. Tumor in adnexa was the only pathologic feature associated with nodal ITCs (P = 0.0485). All 15 patients with nodal ITCs were alive at follow-up. One (6.7%) patient suffered recurrent disease but was alive at last encounter. Disease recurred in 5 (8.8%) of 57 patients without nodal ITCs. Two are alive without disease, two alive with disease, and one died from her cancer. In summary, a significant proportion of endometrial cancer patients have ITCs detected by immunohistochemistry in histologically negative regional lymph nodes.

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