Quantifying the Disability from Congenital Anomalies Averted Through Pediatric Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Comparison of a Pediatric Surgical Unit in Kenya and Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 2198-2206 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Poenaru ◽  
J. Pemberton ◽  
C. Frankfurter ◽  
B. H. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Unit

scholarly journals Pattern of Congenital Overt and Occult Pediatric Surgical Anomalies in a Tertiary Care Centre Over 5 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Sam Varkey ◽  
Aravind C. S ◽  
Reeti Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Common System ◽  
History Of

ongenital anomalies are important cause of infant and childhood deaths, chronic illness and disability. The proportion of deaths and disability due to congenital anomalies has increased, as deaths due to other diseases have decreased over the years due to better health care. Hence it is essential to have basic epidemiological information of these anomalies. This is a hospital based, cross-sectional, record based study, conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Govt. Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Sample size included 300 children below the age of 12years admitted in the department of pediatric surgery with various major congenital anomalies, over a period of 5 years. More than half of these children were admitted after infancy for treatment, male children were more compared to females. Majority of these children were from low socioeconomic group. Only in 5.6% cases there was a history of consanguineous marriage. In 7.33% there was family history of congenital anomalies. In 32% cases the anomalies were detected in the antenatal period. Most of the anomalies were isolated anomalies. Genitourinary system was the most common system to be involved followed by, gastrointestinal tract. 91.67% children underwent surgical treatment, and only 10.67% children had major complications in postoperative period. This study shows that congenital anomalies are a major cause of hospital admissions in children of all ages. Pattern of anomalies seen in various centers are different. Knowledge of the pattern of congenital anomalies may be useful in planning health services. Keywords: Congenital, Anomalies, Pediatric surgery.

Demographic Factors Associated with Congenital Malformations Among Young Infants in Fallujah Maternity and Children Hospital, Fallujah City, Iraq

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Samira T.Abdulghani ◽  
Samira T.Abdulghani
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
History Of

Background: Congenital anomalies are a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality in developing countries including our country. Registries and data on these anomalies are still primitive and poorly collated. In this study we aimed to assess the important demographic factors associated with the development of congenital anomalies. Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study involving 880 infants in the 1st year of life registered in the birth defect unit in Fallujah Maternity and Children Hospital in the period between 1st of January 2017 to the 31st of December 2019. The prevalence rate, the pattern of anomalies and the factors associated with their occurrence were determined. Results: The prevalence rate of the group enrolled in this study was 31/1000 total births, congenital heart defects was the commonest followed by central nervous system anomalies, 58% of the infants were males, 65% had ≥ 2.5 kg birth weight & 95% were singletons. Family history of congenital anomalies was found in 31.25% of cases. The largest group of mothers (55.7%) were 21-30 years old & 92.5% of fathers were less than 45 years old. Parental consanguinity reported in 64.3% of the total cases. Only 4.5% of mothers reported history of fever during pregnancy, and none of them had history of exposure to x-ray or teratogenic drug use. Gestational hypertension was reported in 10% of the total (880) mothers, hypertension and diabetes mellitus in 0.3%, while hepatitis C, hepatitis B, toxoplasmosis and epilepsy, each was reported in only one mother (0.1% of the total). Regarding the outcome of pregnancy, 66.6% were live births, 24.2% were abortions and 9.2% were stillbirths. History of previous abortions was reported in 22% of cases. Urban residents accounted for 63% of the families of congenitally abnormal infants while 37% were rural. Conclusion: Congenital anomalies are still a major cause for concern and tension in Fallujah society, there is serious need to establish a surveillance and good statistical system for congenital anomalies and efforts should be made to raise awareness of their occurrence and the associated risk factors in Iraq and other developing countries.

scholarly journals The Comparison of Role Conflict Among Registered Nurses and Registered Practical Nurses Working in Acute Care Hospitals in Ontario Canada

2021 ◽  
pp. 084456212110144
Author(s):  
Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia ◽  
Mary T. Fox ◽  
Souraya Sidani ◽  
Sherry Dahlke ◽  
Deborah Tregunno
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Unit ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Surgical Unit

Objectives The study aimed to describe and compare nurses’ perceptions of role conflict by professional designation [registered nurse (RN) vs registered practical nurse (RPN)] in three primary areas of practice (emergency department, medical unit, and surgical unit). Methods This analysis used data (n = 1,981) from a large cross-sectional survey of a random sample of RNs and RPNs working as staff nurses in acute care hospitals in Ontario, Canada. Role conflict was measured by the Role Conflict Scale. Results A total of 1,981 participants (RN = 1,427, RPN = 554) met this study’s eligibility criteria and provided complete data. In general, RN and RPN mean total scale scores on role conflict hovered around the scale’s mid-point (2.72 to 3.22); however, RNs reported a higher mean score than RPNs in the emergency department (3.22 vs. 2.81), medical unit (2.95 vs 2.81) and surgical unit (2.90 vs 2.72). Where statistically significant differences were found, the effect sizes were negligible to medium in magnitude with the largest differences noted between RNs and RPNs working in the emergency department. Conclusions The results suggest the need to implement strategies that diminish role conflict for both RNs and RPNs.

scholarly journals Study of Congenital Malformation in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 609-613
Author(s):  
Swaranjika Sahoo ◽  
Ria Ganguly ◽  
Mrutunjay Dash ◽  
Antaryami Pradhan ◽  
Thambi Gayathri Priya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Abnormality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common System ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Torch Infection ◽  
Rubella Vaccination

Objective: Congenital anomaly is one of the most important causes & being the 5th most common cause of neonatal mortality & morbidity. It may present as a structural or functional abnormality. These defects occur due to defective embryogenesis. Associated factors may be maternal age, maternal TORCH infection, drugs, genetic factors. Antenatal USG reduces the incidence.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in the Pediatric department over 1 year. Diagnosis of all congenital anomalies was done by the concerned pediatrician& pediatric surgeon. Data was collected in the specified format.Results: A total of 10205 cases of age group 1 month to 5 years presented to the paediatric OPD, out of which 193 children were diagnosed as congenital anomalies in 1 year. Males were found to be affected the most. The most common system involved was found to be the genitourinary system (36.78%). The second most common system involved was the gastrointestinal system (33.67%). The least common system involved was the musculoskeletal system.Conclusion: Congenital anomalies are a major cause of neonatal & infantile mortality & morbidity. Routine screening with a level II targeted scan for all the pregnant mothers should be mandatory. Adequate nutrition, parental education & Rubella vaccination of the mother can decrease the prevalence of congenital anomalies to some extend.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Two-dimensional Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosis of Foetal Congenital Anomalies in a Tertiary Care Hospital- A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaybrata Ray ◽  
Jaharlal Baidya ◽  
Tanusri Debbarma ◽  
Jobin Joy
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
High Field ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
3 Tesla ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
3 Tesla Mri

Introduction: Ultrasound screening for foetus congenital malformations is the mainstay in diagnosis and is commonly performed at 19-22 weeks gestation. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is known as a problem solving tool which is used for answering a specific question. Both ultrasound and foetus MRI are highly sensitive and specific in diagnosis of congenital anomalies of the foetus with high agreement between both modalities. Aim: To determine the accuracy of Ultrasound Sonography (USG) and High Field 3 tesla MRI in diagnosis of different types of foetal Central Nervous System (CNS) and non CNS congenital abnormalities. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis at Agartala Government Medical College and GB Pant Hospital from June 2017 to May 2019. A total of 65 cases with ultrasound diagnosis of foetus abnormalities were examined by 3 Tesla MRI. MRI were performed within 15 days after USG detected anomalies. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test. Results: In cases with foetus anomalies high field MRI provided detailed findings leading to a more refined diagnosis. CNS anomalies were more as compared to other anomalies. Some of the antenatal findings were confirmed in some cases following termination of pregnancy and some were by postnatal examination. Among them chest anomalies was least common i.e., 1.5%. sensitivity of MRI was 88.13%, specificity was 66.66%, Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) was 96.29%, Negative Predictive Value (NPV) was 36.36% and USG sensitivity was 82.43%, specificity and 77.77%, PPV was 95.83%and NPV was 41.17%. Conclusion: High field MRI should be used as a second line of investigation in patients with foetus abnormalities diagnosed by ultrasound for confirmation of diagnosis and selecting the treatment protocol. In cases of fatal abnormalities, a confirmed diagnosis made before 20 weeks of pregnancy may help by terminating the pregnancy.

A Cross-sectional Study of Congenital Anomalies in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North East Region, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Kangjam Radhesana Devi ◽  
R. K. Praneshwari Devi ◽  
Jyoti Priya ◽  
Ahanthembi Sanaton ◽  
Leimapokpam Roshan Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North East ◽  
East Region

scholarly journals Congenital anomalies prevalence in Addis Ababa and the Amhara region, Ethiopia: a descriptive cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Molla Taye ◽  
Mekbeb Afework ◽  
Wondwossen Fantaye ◽  
Ermias Diro ◽  
Alemayehu Worku
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Amhara Region ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric surgery practice: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Gunadi ◽  
Yofizal Idham ◽  
Vincentia Meta Widya Paramita ◽  
Aditya Rifqi Fauzi ◽  
Andi Dwihantoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Do Anomalous Stillbirths Have Risk To Be Delivered Preterm? A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Kandy, Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. S. S. Alahakoon ◽  
C. J. Ratnayake ◽  
K. E. Karunakaran ◽  
S. U. B. Tennakoon
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Extreme Prematurity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Period Of Gestation

Abstract Stillbirths is one of major health issues in Sri Lankan context. This study aimed to explore the distribution of externally identifiable congenital anomalies according to their sex and the period of gestation and to estimate risk of stillbirth with or without congenital anomalies to be born pre-term or term. Sample size was 246. Due to extreme prematurity and maceration, 05 fetuses were excluded. Of 241 stillbirths, 36 (14.9%) had congenital anomalies and majority were females (n=23, 9.5%). The mean period of gestation was 31 weeks (SD=5.3). 12.5% with congenital anomalies were pre-term. 95% confidence interval (0.261-1.170) of risk estimate revealed that there is no statistically significant association between fetal sex and having congenital anomalies. Risk to be preterm stillbirth for the fetuses with congenital anomalies was 2.447 times (OR = 2.447) greater than the non-anomulous. Females were at high risk to acquire congenital anomalies. Congenital anomalies caused preterm stillbirths.

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