Cognitive plasticity as a moderator of functional dependency in elderly patients hospitalized for bone fractures

The objective of this paper was to study the evolution of cognitive status and of functional dependency in patients over 65 and how these relate to different demographic variables. The sample consisted of 259 elderly people admitted to the Hospital Neurotraumatológico in Jaen (Spain) with a diagnosis of bone fracture. Sociodemographic data was obtained through a semi-structured interview. Furthermore, the following tests were also administered: Barthel Index, Lawton and Brody’s Scale, Phototest, and Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly. According to the results of this study, elderly patients show increased dependency during hospitalization and a mild recovery at discharge, but without regaining their dependency values prior to hospitalization. There is a differential incidence of functional decline as a function of gender, where women have significantly lower functional dependency at home than men and they do not decline as much as men do from their status prior to hospitalization. Also, we have encountered significant inverse relations between the different levels of dependency and cognitive status, and the age of the elderly patient. Moreover, married patients experienced greater functional gain than did the widowed patients, regardless of gender.

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Cognitive decline, functional dependency and sociodemographic characteristics in elderly patients with bone fractures

European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education ◽

10.1989/ejihpe.v5i2.114 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 221-232

Author(s):

Ana R. Ortega ◽

Mª José Calero

Keyword(s):

Elderly Patients ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Functional Decline ◽

The Elderly ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Functional Dependency ◽

Functional Gain

The objective of this paper was to study the evolution of cognitive status and of functional dependency in patients over 65 and how these relate to different demographic variables. The sample consisted of 259 elderly people admitted to the Hospital Neurotraumatológico in Jaen (Spain) with a diagnosis of bone fracture. Sociodemographic data was obtained through a semi-structured interview. Furthermore, the following tests were also administered: Barthel Index, Lawton and Brody’s Scale, Phototest, and Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly. According to the results of this study, elderly patients show increased dependency during hospitalization and a mild recovery at discharge, but without regaining their dependency values prior to hospitalization. There is a differential incidence of functional decline as a function of gender, where women have significantly lower functional dependency at home than men and they do not decline as much as men do from their status prior to hospitalization. Also, we have encountered significant inverse relations between the different levels of dependency and cognitive status, and the age of the elderly patient. Moreover, married patients experienced greater functional gain than did the widowed patients, regardless of gender.

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Mandibular Bone Fractures in elderly patients with reference to etiology of trauma

10.53350/pjmhs211581920 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 1920-1922

Author(s):

Nabeela Riaz ◽

Samreen Younas ◽

Ijaz Ur Rehman ◽

Ahmad Abdul Haseeb ◽

Saba Hanif ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elderly Patients ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Mandibular Fractures ◽

Mandibular Bone ◽

Mandibular Injuries

Aim: to explore the mandibular bone fractures in elderly patients with reference to etiology of trauma. Methodology: This was a descriptive study conducted in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery KEMU/ Mayo Hospital Lahore. Elderly patients (age 60-100years) with mandibular bone fractures. Results: Aetiology of trauma leading to mandibular fractures was as follows; there were 79(65.83%) cases of RTA, 32(26.66%) falls, 4(3.33%) assaults and there were only 3(2.5%) cases of industrial injury. Conclusion: To conclude, this study depicts that road traffic accidents were the predominant cause of injury in the studied age group. Elderly patients need more care and attention, especially after traumatic incidents and lead to financial burden in hospitals Keywords: Maxillofacial trauma, Elderly population, Mandibular injuries, Elderly fractures

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Investigating the risk of bone fractures in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study

BMC Endocrine Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12902-019-0413-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Takeshi Horii ◽

Makiko Iwasawa ◽

Yusuke Kabeya ◽

Jyunichi Shimizu ◽

Koichiro Atsuda

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Bone Fractures

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Released from ZrO2/SiO2 coating resveratrol inhibits senescence and oxidative stress of human adipose-derived stem cells (ASC)

Open Chemistry ◽

10.1515/chem-2018-0039 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 481-495 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. Kornicka ◽

R. Walczak ◽

A. Mucha ◽

K. Marycz

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Pure Titanium ◽

Titanium Substrate ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Material Surface ◽

Adipose Derived Stem Cells

AbstractThe rapid aging of the population results in increased number of metabolic and degenerative disorders, especially in the elderly.Thus, a novel approach in the fields of orthopedic and reconstructive surgery for bone regeneration is strongly desirable. A new perspective in the therapy of bone fractures is tissue engineering which combines living cells with biomaterials to develop modern substitutes that can restore tissue functions. Metallic biomaterials, including stainless steel and pure titanium, have been extensively used for the fabrication of surgical implants over decades. Chemical modification of material surface for example incorporation of chemotactic factors may significantly improve the therapeutic effect. In this paper we describe titanium substrate modifications with ZrO2/SiO2 coating functionalized with resveratrol using a sol – gel, dip-coating technique. Moreover, we established the effects of fabricated scaffolds on adipose stem cells isolated from elderly patients. Using fluorescence imaging, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and cytotoxicity tests, we established that 0.5 Res_ZrO2/SiO2 significantly reduced apoptosis and accumulation of oxidative stress factors in adipose derived stem cells (ASC). Thus exploitation of fabricated biomaterials in regenerative medicine as a strategy for rejuvenate ASC from elderly patients in vivo, seems fully justified.

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Letrozole Compared With Tamoxifen for Elderly Patients With Endocrine-Responsive Early Breast Cancer: The BIG 1-98 Trial

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.14.0459 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 1972-1979 ◽

Cited By ~ 102

Author(s):

Diana Crivellari ◽

Zhuoxin Sun ◽

Alan S. Coates ◽

Karen N. Price ◽

Beat Thürlimann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elderly Patients ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Age Groups ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Free Survival ◽

Breast International Group ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Trial Treatment ◽

Disease Free

Purpose To explore potential differences in efficacy, treatment completion, and adverse events (AEs) in elderly women receiving adjuvant tamoxifen or letrozole for five years in the Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98 trial. Methods This report includes the 4,922 patients allocated to 5 years of letrozole or tamoxifen in the BIG 1-98 trial. The median follow-up was 40.4 months. Subpopulation Treatment Effect Pattern Plot (STEPP) analysis was used to examine the patterns of differences in disease-free survival and incidences of AEs according to age. In addition, three categoric age groups were defined: “younger postmenopausal” patients were younger than 65 years (n = 3,127), “older” patients were 65 to 74 years old (n = 1,500), and “elderly” patients were 75 years of age or older (n = 295). Results Efficacy results for subpopulations defined by age were similar to the overall trial results: Letrozole significantly improved disease-free survival (DFS), the primary end point, compared with tamoxifen. Elderly patients were less likely to complete trial treatment, but at rates that were similar in the two treatment groups. The incidence of bone fractures, observed more often in the letrozole group, did not differ by age. In elderly patients, letrozole had a significantly higher incidence of any grade 3 to 5 protocol-specified non-fracture AE compared with tamoxifen (P = .002), but differences were not significant for thromboembolic or cardiac AEs. Conclusion Adjuvant treatment with letrozole had superior efficacy (DFS) compared with tamoxifen in all age groups. On the basis of a small number of patients older than 75 years (6%), age per se should not unduly affect the choice of adjuvant endocrine therapy.

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An Injectable Complex of β-tricalcium Phosphate Granules, Hyaluronate, and rhFGF-2 on Repair of Long-bone Fractures with Large Fragments

The Open Biomedical Engineering Journal ◽

10.2174/1874120701408010052 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 52-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tanaka T ◽

Kumagae Y ◽

Chazono M ◽

Komaki H ◽

Kitasato S ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elderly Patients ◽

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Varus Deformity ◽

Long Bone ◽

Intertrochanteric Fractures ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Ao Classification ◽

Lesser Trochanter ◽

X Ray

We evaluated the effects of an injectable complex of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) granules, hyaluronate, and recombinant human fibroblast growth factor-2 (rhFGF-2) on repair of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Twenty-five patients (range, 76-91 years) having 31.A2 fractures (AO classification) were treated with injection of the complex followed by intramedullary nails. Bone regeneration and β-TCP resorption, unions of intertrochanteric fractures and displaced lesser trochanters to the shaft, and varus deformity of the femoral neck were assessed by X-ray and CT scans. Fracture union occurred in all cases and union of the displaced lesser trochanter to the shaft was obtained in 24 cases by 12 weeks. It is of interest that β-TCP granules were completely resorbed and marked new bone formation around the lesser trochanter was observed in all cases compared to cases not treated with the complex. Based on the results of intertrochanteric fractures, we applied this technique to two patients with subtrochanteric or humeral fractures in elderly patients, and obtained bone union. This complex is a paste-like material that is easy to handle, and it may be of considerable use in treatment of both unstable intertrochanteric fractures and other cortical bone defects with minimal surgical invasion.

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Complex approaches to rehabilitation of patients with osteoporosis

Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases ◽

10.14341/osteo2017134-38 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 39-43

Author(s):

Natalia S. Lukyanchikova ◽

Elena I. Sharapova

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Physical Factors ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Physical Exercises ◽

Power Load ◽

Risk Of Falls ◽

Excessive Load

Prophylaxis of bone fractures in patients with osteoporosis should not only consist of pharmaco-therapeutical intervention targeting to increase the bones strength, because improving bone tissue quantity does not affect the risk of falls. Additionally, physical factors could have an impact on bone mineral density (BMD). A complex of approache directed to modification of structure and strength of bone tissue together with decrease of falls risk in elderly patients with osteoporosis should become optimal. It’s very important that physical exercise programs developed for osteoporosis patients should include strength and power load exercises as well as flexibility an coordination and balance trainings. Special attention should be paid to the fact that a number of physical exercises are contraindicated as an excessive load can cause inadequate impact on the on the bones with compromised density.

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Evaluation of Serum Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 and Vitamin D Levels in Elderly Patients with Bone Fractures

Medical Principles and Practice ◽

10.1159/000502132 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 219-224

Author(s):

Özhan Pazarci ◽

Halef Okan Dogan ◽

Seyran Kilinc ◽

Yalkin Çamurcu

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Bone Fracture ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Objectives: To evaluate the correlation between levels of serum vitamin D and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in elderly patients with bone fractures. Materials and Methods: This study included 56 patients and 31 control subjects. The patients included were those aged ≥65 years who were admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of bone fracture. The control group comprised age-matched, healthy individuals. Levels of serum vitamin D and GLP-1 were measured and compared between the 2 groups. Results: Significant differences were noted between the groups in terms of serum levels of vitamin D (p < 0.001) and serum levels of GLP-1 (p < 0.001). A positive correlation was observed between serum levels of vitamin D and GLP-1. Conclusion: Serum levels of GLP-1 were found to be significantly lower in elderly patients with bone fracture compared to healthy adults. In addition, a significant correlation was found between decreased vitamin D and GLP-1 levels. These results may therefore demonstrate the protective effects of GLP-1 on bone structure and metabolism, similar to those of vitamin D.

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