scholarly journals Effects of diet, habitual water intake and increased hydration on body fluid volumes and urinary analysis of renal fluid retention in healthy volunteers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
Urinary Analysis

scholarly journals Association between the content of intracellular and extracellular fluid and the amount of water intake among Chinese college students

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Jianfen Zhang ◽  
Songming Du ◽  
Hairong He ◽  
Xinyu Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Trial Registry ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Diagnostic Threshold ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Background Normal distribution of body fluid is important for maintaining health through the balance of water metabolism. Studies have shown that disease states and diuretics perturb the balance and then induce abnormal intracellular/extracellular fluid ratio. However, there are relatively few researches on the associations between water intakes and body fluid. The objective of this study was to explore the association between body fluid and water intake. Methods A total of 159 young adults in Baoding, China were recruited in this cross-sectional survey and completeness of follow-up was 98.1%. A 7-day fluid specific diary was used to record total fluid intake (TFI). Water intake from foods (FWI) for 3 days was measured using the methods of weighting, duplicate portion method and laboratory analysis by researchers. Body fluid was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Results Total body water (TBW), intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF) of participants were 32.8[28.0,39.2], 20.5[17.3,24.5] and 12.4[10.7,14.7], (kg). This represented 55.2 ± 6.2, 34.4 ± 4.0 and 20.8 ± 2.3 (%) of body weight (BW), respectively. ICF, ECF and TBW among male participants who drank more than or equal to adequate TFI was higher than those who drank less (Z = -1.985, p = 0.047; Z = -2.134, p = 0.033; Z = -2.053, p = 0.040). Among both males and females, the values of TBW/BW in participants whose TWI met or exceeded the AI were higher than those with TWI less than AI (t = − 2.011, p = 0.046; t = − 2.716, p = 0.008). Among all participants, there was moderate correlation between water intakes (TFI/BW, FWI/BW and TWI/BW) and body fluid (ICF/BW,ECF/BW and TBW/BW) (p < 0.01 for all). Same correlations were found among both males and females. Conclusion There is a certain degree of association between water intake and body fluid. However, whether TFI or TWI achieve AI or not do not disturb the balance on the distribution of body fluid. More studies should be conducted to find the diagnostic threshold on TFI and TWI which may disrupt the distribution of body fluid so as to prevent related diseases. Trial registration Chinese clinical trial registry. Name of the registry: Relationship of drinking water and urination. Trial registration number: ChiCTR-ROC-17010320. Date of registration: 01/04/2017. URL of trial registry record: http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=17601&htm=4.

Stanniocalcin-1 in the subfornical organ inhibits the dipsogenic response to angiotensin II

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (9) ◽  
pp. R921-R928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M. Moreau ◽  
Waseem Iqbal ◽  
Jeffrey K. Turner ◽  
Graham F. Wagner ◽  
John Ciriello
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Subfornical Organ ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Glycoprotein Hormone ◽  
Fluid Homeostasis ◽  
Body Fluid Homeostasis

Recently, receptors for the calcium-regulating glycoprotein hormone stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) have been found within subfornical organ (SFO), a central structure involved in the regulation of electrolyte and body fluid homeostasis. However, whether SFO neurons produce STC-1 and how STC-1 may function in fluid homeostasis are not known. Two series of experiments were done in Sprague-Dawley rats to investigate whether STC-1 is expressed within SFO and whether it exerts an effect on water intake. In the first series, experiments were done to determine whether STC-1 was expressed within cells in SFO using immunohistochemistry, and whether protein and gene expression for STC-1 existed in SFO using Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. Cells containing STC-1 immunoreactivity were found throughout the rostrocaudal extent of SFO. STC-1 protein expression within SFO was confirmed with Western blot, and SFO was also found to express STC-1 mRNA. In the second series, microinjections (200 nl) of STC-1, ANG II, a combination of the two or the vehicle were made into SFO in conscious, unrestrained rats. Water intake was measured at 0700 for a 1-h period after each injection in animals. Microinjections of STC-1 (17.6 or 176 nM) alone had no effect on water intake compared with controls. However, STC-1 not only attenuated the drinking responses to ANG II for about 30 min, but also decreased the total water intake over the 1-h period. These data suggest that STC-1 within the SFO may act in a paracrine/autocrine manner to modulate the neuronal responses to blood-borne ANG II. These findings also provide the first direct evidence of a physiological role for STC-1 in central regulation of body fluid homeostasis.

scholarly journals Electrolyte-free milk protein solution influences sodium and fluid retention in rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kengo Ishihara ◽  
Yoshiho Kato ◽  
Ayako Usami ◽  
Mari Yamada ◽  
Asuka Yamamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
Protein Solution ◽  
Gastric Emptying Rate ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Total Body

AbstractMilk is an effective post-exercise rehydration drink that maintains the net positive fluid balance. However, it is unclear which components are responsible for this effect. We assessed the effect of milk protein solution (MPS) obtained by dialysis on body fluid retention. Milk, MPS, milk electrolyte solution (MES), sports drink and water were administered to male Wistar rats at a dose of 6 ml/rat after treadmill exercise. Total body fluid retention was assessed by urine volume 4 h after administration of hydrating liquids. The rate of gastric emptying was evaluated by a tracer method using 13C-labelled acetate. Plasma osmolality, Na and K levels, and urinary Na and K were measured by HPLC and osmometry, respectively. The gastric emptying rate was not delayed by MPS. During 4 h of rehydration, cumulative urine volumes differed significantly between treatment groups (P < 0·05) with 4·9, 2·2 and 3·4 ml from water-, milk- and MPS-fed rats, respectively. Thus, MPS elicited 50 % of the total body fluid retention of milk. Plasma aldosterone levels were significantly higher in MPS- and milk-fed rats compared with water-fed rats. Plasma osmolality was maintained at higher levels in MPS-fed rats than in water- and MES-fed rats (P < 0·05). Cumulative urine Na excretion was also suppressed in the milk- and MPS-fed groups compared with the MES-fed group. Our results demonstrate that MPS obtained by dialysis clearly affects net body water balance without affecting gastric emptying after exercise. This effect was attributed to retention of Na and water, and maintenance of plasma osmolality.

Pharmacokinetics and body fluid penetration of fleroxacin in healthy volunteers

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_D) ◽  
pp. 155-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sorgel ◽  
R. Metz ◽  
K. Naber ◽  
R. Seelmann ◽  
P. Muth
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Fluid Penetration

scholarly journals Urinary Analysis of Fluid Retention in the General Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e0164152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Hahn ◽  
Nina Grankvist ◽  
Camilla Krizhanovskii
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urinary Analysis

The Historical Views on the Disease Name, Etiology and Pathogenesis for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Traditional Chinese Medicine with Combined Knowledge Graph and Qualitative analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zheng HOU ◽  
Si-qi Pu ◽  
Feng-bin LIU ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Shuang-you Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
Pathogenic Factor ◽  
Food Retention ◽  
Research Hotspots

Abstract Background To clarify the historical views on disease name, etiology and pathogenesis for Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in ancient Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed in < Zhong Hua Yi Dian > database with keywords ‘Acid regurgitation’, ‘Epigastric upset’ and ‘Bilious vomiting’. All the information about disease names, etiology and pathogenesis were included and extracted by two independent reviewers. The Citespace software was used for data analysis. After data importing and purging, the analysis was performed in two steps with 1000 years interval. This study mainly used descriptive statistics, co-occurrence analysis, and cluster analysis, accompanied with qualitative analysis. Results A total of 187 disease name, 286 etiology and 429 pathogenesis records related to GERD were final identified. The authors and bibliographies co-occurrence analysis showed there were 13 main nodes and 6 lines before 1000 A.D., 151 nodes and 65 lines after 1000 A.D.. As for disease name, ‘Ou Ku’ and ‘Ou Dan’, the earliest names related to GERD in TCM appeared in the Han and Jin dynasties. In disease etiology analysis, 8 nodes appeared during 1-1000 A.D. and increased rapidly until 1900 A.D.; the cluster analysis identified 9 research hotspots which contains Internal injury diet, Pathogenic factor of gallbladder, Internal injury due to emotional disorder, Food retention, Heat stagnation of body fluid, Incoordination between the spleen and stomach, Damp-heat syndrome of stomach, Phlegm-fire, Cold evil invading the stomach. As for disease pathogenesis, the earliest explanation ‘the evil in gallbladder and ascendant rising of stomach qi’ was appeared in the 3rd century; the cluster analysis identified 8 research hotspots which contains Spleen qi deficiency and adverse rising of phlegm and fluid retention, Pathogenic factor invading upper-jiao, Heat stagnation of body fluid at lung and stomach, Insufficiency-cold of middle qi, Phlegm moving due to fire, Phlegm and fluid retention in upper-jiao and cold food retention of stomach, Sufficient wood and insufficient soil, Food retention of middle-jiao. Conclusions There are many treatises focused on GERD related symptoms and signs in TCM. This study clarified its name, etiology and pathogenesis, which provides a good reference for further theoretical and clinical research.

Gestational and early postnatal dietary NaCl levels affect NaCl intake, but not stimulated water intake, by adult rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 286 (6) ◽  
pp. R1043-R1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen S. Curtis ◽  
Eric G. Krause ◽  
Donna L. Wong ◽  
Robert J. Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Fluid Regulation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Concentrated Solution ◽  
Body Fluid Regulation

We examined body fluid regulation by weanling (21–25 days) and adult (>60 days) male rats that were offspring of dams fed chow containing either 0.1, 1, or 3% NaCl throughout gestation and lactation. Weanling rats were maintained on the test diets until postnatal day 30 and on standard 1% NaCl chow thereafter. Ad libitum water intake by weanlings was highest in those fed 3% NaCl and lowest in those fed 0.1% NaCl. Adult rats maintained on standard NaCl chow consumed similar amounts of water after overnight water deprivation or intravenous hypertonic NaCl (HS) infusion regardless of early NaCl condition. Moreover, baseline and HS-stimulated plasma Na+ concentrations also were similar for the three groups. Nonetheless, adult rats in the early 3% NaCl group consumed more of 0.5 M NaCl after 10 days of dietary Na+ deprivation than did rats in either the 1% or 0.1% NaCl group. Interestingly, whether NaCl was consumed in a concentrated solution in short-term, two-bottle tests after dietary Na+ deprivation or in chow during ad libitum feeding, adult rats in the 3% NaCl group drank less water for each unit of NaCl consumed, whereas rats in the 0.1% NaCl group drank more water for each unit of NaCl consumed. Thus gestational and early postnatal dietary NaCl levels do not affect stimulated water intake or long-term body fluid regulation. Together with our previous studies, these results suggest that persistent changes in NaCl intake and in water intake associated with NaCl ingestion reflect short-term behavioral effects that may be attributable to differences in NaCl taste processing.

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