Surface treatment of LLDPE and LDPE blends by nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and chromic acid etching

2009 ◽  
Vol 287 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
ShuangJun Chen ◽  
Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Acid Etching

Chromic Acid Etching of Polyethylene

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
J. D. Muzzy ◽  
R. D. Hester ◽  
J. L. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Crystalline Morphology ◽  
Bulk Specimen ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Perfect Form ◽  
Molecular Length ◽  
Lamellar Texture ◽  
Cost Studies

Polyethylene is one of the most important plastics produced today because of its good physical properties, ease of fabrication and low cost. Studies to improve the properties of polyethylene are leading to an understanding of its crystalline morphology. Polyethylene crystallized by evaporation from dilute solutions consists of thin crystals called lamellae. The polyethylene molecules are parallel to the thickness of the lamellae and are folded since the thickness of the lamellae is much less than the molecular length. This lamellar texture persists in less perfect form in polyethylene crystallized from the melt.Morphological studies of melt crystallized polyethylene have been limited due to the difficulty of isolating the microstructure from the bulk specimen without destroying or deforming it.

TIMETAL 35A

Alloy Digest ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Abstract Titanium shows outstanding resistance to seawater and marine atmospheres. It is also resistant to attack by hot metallic chloride solutions, sodium and potassium hypochlorite, and chlorine dioxide. The metal is resistant to attack by hot nitric acid at concentrations up to 80% and is not attacked by sulfuric acid. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and bend strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TI-122. Producer or source: Timet.

Gallium Arsenide Integrated Circuits Decapsulation Technique Using Mixed Acid Chemistry For Die-Level Failure Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Jeffrey M. Consigo ◽  
Ricardo S. Calanog ◽  
Melissa O. Caseria
Keyword(s):  
Gallium Arsenide ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Mixed Acid ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Plastic Package ◽  
Fuming Nitric Acid ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid

Abstract Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) integrated circuits have become popular these days with superior speed/power products that permit the development of systems that otherwise would have made it impossible or impractical to construct using silicon semiconductors. However, failure analysis remains to be very challenging as GaAs material is easily dissolved when it is reacted with fuming nitric acid used during standard decapsulation process. By utilizing enhanced chemical decapsulation technique with mixture of fuming nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid at a low temperature backed with statistical analysis, successful plastic package decapsulation happens to be reproducible mainly for die level failure analysis purposes. The paper aims to develop a chemical decapsulation process with optimum parameters needed to successfully decapsulate plastic molded GaAs integrated circuits for die level failure analysis.

The dichotomy between nitration of substituted 1,4-dimethoxybenzenes and formation of corresponding 1,4-benzoquinones by using nitric and sulfuric acid

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Waterlot ◽  
B. Haskiak ◽  
D. Couturier
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Oxidative Demethylation

Various alkyl-substituted p-dimethoxybenzenes (ArH) react readily with nitric acid and sulfuric to form nitro-products (ArNO2). When the nitric acid is used in excess, the nitro-product react via either nitration to dinitro-compound (Ar(NO2)2) or via oxidative demethylation to nitro- p-quinone (Q). As such, the competition between the nitration, polynitration and oxidative dealkylation is effectively modulated by the added nitric acid and the alkyl-substituted p-dimethoxybenzenes.

scholarly journals Acid Etching as Surface Treatment Method for Luting of Glass-Ceramic Restorations, part 1: Acids, Application Protocol and Etching Effectiveness

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilija Barjaktarova-Valjakova ◽  
Anita Grozdanov ◽  
Ljuben Guguvcevski ◽  
Vesna Korunoska-Stevkovska ◽  
Biljana Kapusevska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Ceramic Surface ◽  
Adhesive Luting ◽  
Ceramic Restorations ◽  
Etching Effect

AIM: The purpose of this review is to represent acids that can be used as surface etchant before adhesive luting of ceramic restorations, placement of orthodontic brackets or repair of chipped porcelain restorations. Chemical reactions, application protocol, and etching effect are presented as well.STUDY SELECTION: Available scientific articles published in PubMed and Scopus literature databases, scientific reports and manufacturers' instructions and product information from internet websites, written in English, using following search terms: “acid etching, ceramic surface treatment, hydrofluoric acid, acidulated phosphate fluoride, ammonium hydrogen bifluoride”, have been reviewed.RESULTS: There are several acids with fluoride ion in their composition that can be used as ceramic surface etchants. The etching effect depends on the acid type and its concentration, etching time, as well as ceramic type. The most effective etching pattern is achieved when using hydrofluoric acid; the numerous micropores and channels of different sizes, honeycomb-like appearance, extruded crystals or scattered irregular ceramic particles, depending on the ceramic type, have been detected on the etched surfaces.CONCLUSION: Acid etching of the bonding surface of glass - ceramic restorations is considered as the most effective treatment method that provides a reliable bond with composite cement. Selective removing of the glassy matrix of silicate ceramics results in a micromorphological three-dimensional porous surface that allows micromechanical interlocking of the luting composite.

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