Non-linear growth trends of toe flexor muscle strength among children, adolescents, and young adults: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 1003-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriteru Morita ◽  
Junichiro Yamauchi ◽  
Ryosuke Fukuoka ◽  
Toshiyuki Kurihara ◽  
Mitsuo Otsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Flexor Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Growth Trends ◽  
Non Linear

scholarly journals Cancer in HIV-positive and HIV-negative adolescents and young adults in South Africa: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e043941
Author(s):  
Tafadzwa Dhokotera ◽  
Julia Bohlius ◽  
Matthias Egger ◽  
Adrian Spoerri ◽  
Jabulani Ronnie Ncayiyana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Laboratory Service ◽  
Living With Hiv

ObjectiveTo determine the spectrum of cancers in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) living with and without HIV in South Africa.DesignCross-sectional study with cancer records provided by the National Cancer Registry (NCR) and HIV records from the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS).Setting and participantsThe NHLS is the largest provider of pathology services in the South African public sector. The NCR is a division of the NHLS. We included AYAs (aged 10–24 years) diagnosed with cancer by public health sector laboratories between 2004 and 2014 (n=8479). HIV status was obtained through record linkages and text mining.Primary and secondary outcomesWe determined the spectrum of cancers by HIV status in AYAs. We used multivariable logistic regression to describe the association of cancer in AYAs with HIV, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity and calendar period. We imputed (post hoc) the HIV status for AYA with unknown HIV status.Results8479 AYAs were diagnosed with cancer, HIV status was known for 45% (n=3812). Of those whose status was known, about half were HIV positive (n=1853). AYAs living with HIV were more likely to have Kaposi’s sarcoma (adjusted OR (aOR) 218, 95% CI 89.9 to 530), cervical cancer (aOR 2.18, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.89), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (aOR 2.12, 95% CI 1.69 to 2.66) and anogenital cancers other than cervix (aOR 2.73, 95% CI 1.27 to 5.86) than AYAs without HIV. About 44% (n=1062) of AYAs with HIV-related cancers had not been tested for HIV.ConclusionsTargeted HIV testing for AYAs diagnosed with cancer, followed by immediate start of antiretroviral therapy, screening for cervical precancer and vaccination against human papilloma virus is needed to decrease cancer burden in AYAs living with HIV in South Africa.

scholarly journals Clinical and non-clinical variables associated with preventive and curative dental service utilisation: a cross-sectional study among adolescents and young adults in Central Mexico

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e027101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís ◽  
José Obed García-Cortés ◽  
José Luis Robles-Minaya ◽  
Juan Fernando Casanova-Rosado ◽  
Jairo Mariel-Cárdenas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Preventive Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to identify preventive and curative dental health service utilisation (DHSU) in the context of associated clinical and non-clinical factors among adolescents and young adults in Mexico.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingApplicants to a public university in Mexico.ParticipantsParticipants were 638 adolescents and young adults aged 16–25 randomly selected from university applicants.InterventionsData were collected using a self-administered questionnaire filled out by the students. For assessment of dental caries experience, we used the index of decayed, missing and filled teeth.Primary outcomeThe dependent variable was DHSU in the previous 12 months, coded as 0=non-use, 1=use of curative services and 2=use of preventive services.ResultsThe mean age was 18.76±1.76 years, and 49.2% were women. The prevalence of DHSU was 40.9% (95% CI 37.1 to 44.8) for curative services and 22.9% (95% CI 19.7 to 26.3) for preventive services. The variables associated with curative services were age, sex, mother’s education, dental pain in the previous 12 months, caries experience, use of self-care devices and oral health knowledge. For preventive services, the variables associated were mother’s education, dental pain in the previous 12 months, caries experience, use of self-care devices and self-perception of oral health.ConclusionsWhile differences emerged by type of service, a number of variables (sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics as well as dental factors) remained in the final model. Greater oral health needs and socioeconomic inequalities remained as predictors of both types of DHSU. Given the differences revealed by our study, oral health policies should refer those seeking dental care for oral diseases to preventive services, and promote the use of such services among the poorer and less educated population groups.

scholarly journals Dental pain and associated factors in Mexican adolescents and young adults: a cross‐sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-461
Author(s):  
José Obed García‐Cortés ◽  
Jairo Mariel‐Cárdenas ◽  
Ricardo Martinez‐Rider ◽  
Rosalina Islas‐Zarazúa ◽  
Rubén Rosa‐Santillana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mexican Adolescents

Cross-sectional study of abnormal amygdala development in adolescents and young adults with bipolar disorder

2004 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara K. Chen ◽  
Roberto Sassi ◽  
David Axelson ◽  
John P. Hatch ◽  
Marsal Sanches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study on Smart-Phone Addiction among Late Adolescents and Young Adults (Aged 15 to 24 Years) of Ahmedabad City, Gujarat, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 491-496
Author(s):  
Chirayu N. Pandya ◽  
Donald S. Christian ◽  
Mansi M. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND Smartphone use has gone tremendously up throughout the world during the past decade and addiction potential is well documented among the users. Smartphone addiction among adolescents and young adults should be seen with caution as they lay the foundations not only for their healthy lives but also of the country’s future and its economy, they live in. METHODS Both school and college students aged between 15 - 24 years were enrolled in this cross sectional study, using systematic random sampling technique to determine smartphone addiction potential through Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS). The possible factors contributing to SAS scores were also determined through statistical tests (Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann Whitney U test). RESULTS Among a total of 239 respondents of age 15 to 24 years (mean age 18.5 ± 2.35 years), there were 124 (51.9 %) females and 231 (96.7 %) belonged to the urban area. Most of the participants were studying in high school (40.6 %) followed by medical field (40.2 %). A total of 110 (46 %), students had used their smartphone commonly for social media purpose, followed by entertainment purpose (29.3 %), education (36 %), web surfing (20 %). The median daily usage of smartphone was found to be 4 hours among participants. The mean score of SAS was found to be 103.59 ± 25.08. There was statistically significant difference in SAS score according to age group, according to their smartphone usage per day, according to common purpose of usage of smartphone and also according to their streams, and monthly expenses the student spends to recharge their smartphone. CONCLUSIONS Smartphone addiction potential was determined according to various social and demographic characteristics. Factors causing smartphone addiction should be tackled by multiple stakeholders to reduce the chances of addiction due to smartphone and to protect them from future health consequences. KEYWORDS Adolescent, Smartphone Addiction, Smartphone Addiction Scale, Young Adults

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