Through-flow of water in leaves of a submerged plant is influenced by the apical opening

Planta ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 202 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Pedersen ◽  
Lise Bolt Jørgensen ◽  
Kaj Sand-Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Submerged Plant ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Apical Opening

THE DYNACTOME: INVESTIGATING DYNAMIC KINASE NETWORKS IN CELLULAR DECISION-MAKING

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Jonathan So ◽  
Kelly Elder ◽  
Anna Dai ◽  
Claus Jorgensen ◽  
Rune Linding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Phosphorylation Sites ◽  
Complex Samples ◽  
Downstream Signaling ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Cell Phenotypes ◽  
Kinase Phosphorylation ◽  
Kinase Expression

Networks of kinases play a role in the transmission and integration of signals from the membrane to the nucleus. We aim to elucidate kinase phosphorylation and interaction partners in these networks through the immuno-precipitation and mass spectrometric analysis of a representative set of 100 Flag-tagged kinases stably expressed in human colorectal cancer cells. The goal is to generate a comprehensive set of interactions and dynamic phosphorylation sites which correlate with cell phenotypes such as apoptosis and proliferation. The techniques of mass-spectrometry have allowed for the identification of proteins and their phosphorylation sites in complex samples. Various labeling methods such as iTRAQ has enabled the relative quantification of these sites as afunction of time (White et al. PNAS, 2007). However, kinases usually work in the context of particular signaling stimuli. We aim to characterize the role of these over-expressed kinases in the context of Trail-induced apoptosis. This isparticularly relevant to tumorigenesis in that many cancers are resistant to apoptosis and recombinant Trail therapies are currently undergoing clinical trials. We present assays to correlate the proliferative ability and sensitivity to apoptosis of various stable cell lines with kinase expression levels through flow cytometry. We also present efforts to trace downstream signaling through the monitoring of MAP kinase phosphorylation using a high-throughput bead array.

Analysis of Deposited Salts in the Through-Flow Area of a 210 MW Steam Turbine

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 743-747
Author(s):  
Branko Staniša ◽  
Lidija Ćurković ◽  
Zdravko Schauperl
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Flow Area ◽  
Through Flow

Galectin-3 is modulated in pancreatic cancer cells under hypoxia and nutrient deprivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 401 (10) ◽  
pp. 1153-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio F. da Silva Filho ◽  
Lucas B. Tavares ◽  
Maira G. R. Pitta ◽  
Eduardo I. C. Beltrão ◽  
Moacyr J. B. M. Rêgo
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Galectin 3

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive tumors with a microenvironment marked by hypoxia and starvation. Galectin-3 has been evaluated in solid tumors and seems to present both pro/anti-tumor effects. So, this study aims to characterize the expression of Galectin-3 from pancreatic tumor cells and analyze its influence for cell survive and motility in mimetic microenvironment. For this, cell cycle and cell death were accessed through flow cytometry. Characterization of inside and outside Galectin-3 was performed through Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), immunofluorescence, Western blot, and ELISA. Consequences of Galectin-3 extracellular inhibition were investigated using cell death and scratch assays. PANC-1 showed increased Galectin-3 mRNA expression when cultivated in hypoxia for 24 and 48 h. After 24 h in simultaneously hypoxic/deprived incubation, PANC-1 shows increased Galectin-3 protein and secreted levels. For Mia PaCa-2, cultivation in deprivation was determinant for the increasing in Galectin-3 mRNA expression. When cultivated in simultaneously hypoxic/deprived condition, Mia PaCa-2 also presented increasing for the Galectin-3 secreted levels. Treatment of PANC-1 cells with lactose increased the death rate when cells were incubated simultaneously hypoxic/deprived condition. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the microenvironmental conditions modulate the Galectin-3 expression on the transcriptional and translational levels for pancreatic cancer cells.

Military Human Resource Planning through Flow Network Modeling

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Oussama Mazari Abdessameud ◽  
Filip Van Utterbeeck ◽  
Marie-Anne Guerry
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Flow Network ◽  
Human Resource Planning ◽  
Through Flow

scholarly journals Influence of Seal Cavity Leakage Flow on Compressor Performance Investigated with a Circumferentially Averaged Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Dong Liang ◽  
Xingmin Gui ◽  
Donghai Jin
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Main Flow ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Compressor Performance ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Flow Blockage

In order to investigate the effect of seal cavity leakage flow on a compressor’s performance and the interaction mechanism between the leakage flow and the main flow, a one-stage compressor with a cavity under the shrouded stator was numerically simulated using an inhouse circumferentially averaged through flow program. The leakage flow from the shrouded stator cavity was calculated simultaneously with main flow in an integrated manner. The results indicate that the seal cavity leakage flow has a significant impact on the overall performance of the compressor. For a leakage of 0.2% of incoming flow, the decrease in the total pressure ratio was 2% and the reduction of efficiency was 1.9 points. Spanwise distribution of the flow field variables of the shrouded stator shows that the leakage flow leads to an increased flow blockage near the hub, resulting in drop of stator performance, as well as a certain destructive effect on the flow field of the main passage.

Reducing energy consumption in SDN-based data center networks through flow consolidation strategies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo da Silva Conterato ◽  
Tiago Coelho Ferreto ◽  
Fábio Rossi ◽  
Wagner dos Santos Marques ◽  
Paulo Silas Severo de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Data Center Networks ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Reducing Energy

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Investigation of 3D Dam-Break Wave Propagation in an Enclosed Domain with Dry and Wet Bottom

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5638
Author(s):  
Selahattin Kocaman ◽  
Stefania Evangelista ◽  
Hasan Guzel ◽  
Kaan Dal ◽  
Ada Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dam Break ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Negative Wave ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Instantaneous Removal ◽  
Surface Patterns

Dam-break flood waves represent a severe threat to people and properties located in downstream regions. Although dam failure has been among the main subjects investigated in academia, little effort has been made toward investigating wave propagation under the influence of tailwater depth. This work presents three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations of laboratory experiments of dam-breaks with tailwater performed at the Laboratory of Hydraulics of Iskenderun Technical University, Turkey. The dam-break wave was generated by the instantaneous removal of a sluice gate positioned at the center of a transversal wall forming the reservoir. Specifically, in order to understand the influence of tailwater level on wave propagation, three tests were conducted under the conditions of dry and wet downstream bottom with two different tailwater depths, respectively. The present research analyzes the propagation of the positive and negative wave originated by the dam-break, as well as the wave reflection against the channel’s downstream closed boundary. Digital image processing was used to track water surface patterns, and ultrasonic sensors were positioned at five different locations along the channel in order to obtain water stage hydrographs. Laboratory measurements were compared against the numerical results obtained through FLOW-3D commercial software, solving the 3D Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) with the k-ε turbulence model for closure, and Shallow Water Equations (SWEs). The comparison achieved a reasonable agreement with both numerical models, although the RANS showed in general, as expected, a better performance.

scholarly journals Regulatory and Effector Cell Disequilibrium in Patients with Acute Cellular Rejection and Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction after Lung Transplantation: Comparison of Peripheral and Alveolar Distribution

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Bergantini ◽  
Miriana d’Alessandro ◽  
Elda De Vita ◽  
Felice Perillo ◽  
Antonella Fossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome ◽  
Regulatory Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction ◽  
Allograft Dysfunction ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
B Regulatory Cells ◽  
Cellular Rejection

Background: The immune mechanisms occurring during acute rejection (AR) and chronic lung allograft dysfunction are a challenge for research and the balance between effector and regulatory cells has not been defined completely. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the interaction of effector cells, mainly Th17, Th1 and Th2, and regulatory cells including (CD4+CD25+CD127low/−) T reg cells and phenotypes of B regs, CD19+CD24hiCD38hi, CD19+CD24hiCD27hi and CD19+CD5+CD1d+. Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BAL) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from stable lung transplanted (LTx )subjects (n = 4), AR patients (n = 6) and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) (n = 6) were collected at the same time. Cellular subsets were detected through flow cytometry. Results: A predominance of Th17 cells subtypes in the PBMCs and BAL and a depletion of Tregs, that resulted in decrease Treg/Th17 ratio, was observed in the AR group. CD19+CD24hiCD38hi Bregs resulted increased in BAL of AR patients. Th1 cells predominance and a reduction of Tregs cells was observed in BAL from AR patients. Moreover, multivariate analysis showed interdependences within studied variables revealing that effector cells and regulatory cells can effectively discriminate patients’ immunological status. Conclusions: In AR, BOS and stable lung transplant, regulatory and effector cells clearly demonstrated different pathways of activation. Understanding of the balance of T cells and T and B regulatory cells can offers insights into rejection.

Through-flow revascularization of the tongue using a radial forearm free flap

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Evans ◽  
E.B. Chevretton ◽  
R.P. Cole ◽  
J.A. Pereira ◽  
G.A.J. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Free Flap ◽  
Radial Forearm Free Flap ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Radial Forearm
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