scholarly journals Does endometrial morular metaplasia represent odontogenic differentiation?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Travaglino ◽  
Antonio Raffone ◽  
Daniela Russo ◽  
Elia Guadagno ◽  
Sara Pignatiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Development ◽  
Odontogenic Tumors ◽  
Ghost Cell ◽  
Squamous Differentiation ◽  
Cell Clusters ◽  
Clear Cells ◽  
Ghost Cells ◽  
Odontogenic Differentiation ◽  
Hair Matrix ◽  
Enamel Knots

AbstractThe nature of endometrial morular metaplasia (MorM) is still unknown. The nuclear β-catenin accumulation and the not rare ghost cell keratinization suggest a similarity with hard keratin-producing odontogenic and hair matrix tumors rather than with squamous differentiation. We aimed to compare MorM to hard keratin-producing tumors. Forty-one hard keratin-producing tumors, including 26 hair matrix tumors (20 pilomatrixomas and 6 pilomatrix carcinomas) and 15 odontogenic tumors (adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas), were compared to 15 endometrioid carcinomas with MorM with or without squamous/keratinizing features. Immunohistochemistry for β-catenin, CD10, CDX2, ki67, p63, CK5/6, CK7, CK8/18, CK19, and pan-hard keratin was performed; 10 cases of endometrioid carcinomas with conventional squamous differentiation were used as controls. In adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas, the β-catenin-accumulating cell clusters (whorl-like structures) were morphologically similar to MorM (round syncytial aggregates of bland cells with round-to-spindled nuclei and profuse cytoplasm), with overlapping squamous/keratinizing features (clear cells with prominent membrane, rounded squamous formations, ghost cells). Both MorM and whorl-like structures consistently showed positivity for CD10 and CDX2, with low ki67; cytokeratins pattern was also overlapping, although more variable. Hard keratin was focally/multifocally positive in 8 MorM cases and focally in one conventional squamous differentiation case. Hair matrix tumors showed no morphological or immunophenotypical overlap with MorM. MorM shows wide morphological and immunophenotypical overlap with the whorl-like structures of adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas, which are analogous to enamel knots of tooth development. This suggests that MorM might be an aberrant mimic of odontogenic differentiation.

scholarly journals Single cell transcriptomic analysis reveals cellular diversity of murine esophageal epithelium and age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Faujul Kabir ◽  
Adam Karami ◽  
Ricardo Cruz-Acuna ◽  
Alena Klochkova ◽  
Reshu Saxena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Heterogeneity ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Esophageal Epithelium ◽  
Squamous Differentiation ◽  
Cell Clusters ◽  
Tissue Aging ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTStratified squamous epithelium of the esophagus is comprised of basal keratinocytes that execute a terminal differentiation program in overlying suprabasal and superficial cell layers. Although morphologic progression coupled with expression of specific molecular markers has been characterized along the esophageal epithelial differentiation gradient, the molecular heterogeneity within the cell types along this trajectory has yet to be classified at the level of single cell resolution. To explore the molecular characteristics of esophageal keratinocytes along the squamous differentiation continuum, we performed single cell RNA-Sequencing transcriptomic profiling of 7,972 cells from murine esophageal epithelial sheets. We identified 8 distinct cell clusters in esophageal epithelium, unveiling an unexpected level of diversity, particularly among basal cells. We further mapped the cellular pathways and lineage trajectories within basal, suprabasal, and superficial clusters as well as within the heterogeneous basal cell populations, providing a comprehensive molecular view of esophageal epithelial cells in the context of squamous differentiation. Finally, we explored the impact of tissue aging upon esophageal epithelial cell clusters and demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction is a feature of aging in normal esophageal epithelium. These studies provide an unparalleled molecular perspective on murine esophageal keratinocytes that will serve as a valuable resource for dissecting cell type-specific roles in esophageal biology under conditions of homeostasis, aging, and tissue pathology.

GHOST CELLS UNDER MICROSCOPE: A PERPLEXED HYPOTHESIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-78
Author(s):  
Reema Raina ◽  
Nikita Gulati ◽  
Saurabh Juneja ◽  
Devi Charan Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Ghost Cell ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ghost Cells ◽  
Functional Aspects

Cellular identities in the past have been based on the structural and functional aspects. Proper delineation of cellular structure occasionally could be ambiguous because of their varied existence either structurally similar or functionally dissimilar or vice versa. “Ghost cells”- is an area which is entailed by controversies allocated to their functionality and appearance. In odontogenic lesions they are considered as the enlarged epithelial cells with central space consequential to lost nucleus. Many authors have documented on the histogenesis and formation of ghost cells yet nothing relevant till date. This article is an attempt to concise the literature in precise manner to elaborate the ghost cell origin in histopathologic arena.

scholarly journals PERMEABILITY PROPERTIES OF ERYTHROCYTE GHOSTS

1952 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Teorell
Keyword(s):  
Total Concentration ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Erythrocyte Ghosts ◽  
Ghost Cell ◽  
Osmotic Equilibrium ◽  
Ghost Cells ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Two Stages

1. Erythrocyte ghosts from human blood were produced by gentle water hemolysis. The ghost-containing hemolysate (about 20 mN) was added to media of different composition (KCl, NaCl, glucose, sucrose, etc.) and varying concentration ranging from 8 to 840 mN. The volume changes of the ghost cells were followed by a light absorption method. The potassium and sodium concentrations were also analyzed in some representative cases. 2. The ghosts shrank, or swelled, in two stages. An initial phase with a momentary expulsion, or uptake, of water leading to an osmotic equilibrium, was followed by a second phase in which a slow swelling or shrinking proceeded toward a final constant volume. 3. The ghosts were semipermeable in the sense that water always passed rapidly in either direction so as to maintain isotonicity with the external medium. The relation between ghost cell volumes (V) and the total concentration (Ce) of the suspension medium can be expressed by a modified van't Hoff-Mariotte law: (Ce + a)(V – b) = constant. Here a is a term correcting for an internal pressure and b is the non-solvent volume of the ghost cells. This means that the ghosts behave as perfect osmometers. 4. On the other hand appreciable concentration differences of the K and Na ions could be maintained across the intact ghost cell membranes for long periods. Whether this phenomenon is due simply to very low cation permeability or to active transport processes cannot be decided, although the first assumption appears more probable. 5. When the ghosts were treated with small concentrations of a lytic substance like Na oleate, the alkali ion transfer was greatly increased. This seems to be a simple exchange diffusion process with simultaneous, continued maintenance of osmotic equilibrium (= the second phase). A simplified theory is also given for the kinetics of the volume variations and ion exchange during the second phase (cf. the Appendix). 6. Miscellaneous observations on the effects of pH, and of some other substances are discussed. Some shape transformations of the ghost cells are also described.

Bivalent Histone Codes on WNT5A during Odontogenic Differentiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhou ◽  
L. Zheng ◽  
F. Li ◽  
M. Wan ◽  
Y. Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Development ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Odontogenic Differentiation ◽  
Tooth Germs ◽  
Histone Codes ◽  
Lineage Specific Genes ◽  
Coactivator Complex

Lineage-committed differentiation is an essential biological program during odontogenesis, which is tightly regulated by lineage-specific genes. Some of these genes are modified by colocalization of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 marks at promoter regions in progenitors. These modifications, named “bivalent domains,” maintain genes in a poised state and then resolve for later activation or repression during differentiation. Wnt5a has been reported to promote odontogenic differentiation in dental mesenchyme. However, relatively little is known about the epigenetic modulations on Wnt5a activation during tooth development. Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal patterns of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 marks in developing mouse molars. Associated H3K4me3 methylases (mixed-lineage leukemia [MLL] complex) and H3K27me3 demethylases (JMJD3 and UTX) were dynamically expressed between early and late bell stage of human tooth germs and in cultured human dental papilla cells (hDPCs) during odontogenic induction. Poised WNT5A gene was marked by bivalent domains containing repressive marks (H3K27me3) and active marks (H3K4me3) on promoters. The bivalent domains tended to resolve during inducted differentiation, with removal of the H3K27me3 mark in a JMJD3-dependent manner. When JMJD3 was knocked down in cultured hDPCs, odontogenic differentiation was suppressed. The depletion of JMJD3 epigenetically repressed WNT5A activation by increased H3K27me3 marks. In addition, JMJD3 could physically interact with ASH2L, a component of the MLL complex, to form a coactivator complex, cooperatively modulating H3K4me3 marks on WNT5A promoters. Overall, our study reveals that transcription activities of WNT5A were epigenetically regulated by the negotiated balance between H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 marks and tightly mediated by JMJD3 and MLL coactivator complex, ultimately modulating odontogenic commitment during dental mesenchymal cell differentiation.

scholarly journals Mixed odontogenic tumors in four young dogs: ameloblastic fibroma and ameloblastic fibro-odontoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Huang ◽  
Cynthia Bell ◽  
Vanessa Wallace ◽  
Brian G. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Tooth Development ◽  
Odontogenic Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Odontogenic Epithelium ◽  
Ameloblastic Fibroma ◽  
Mixed Odontogenic Tumors

Ameloblastic fibroma (AF) and ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO) are mixed odontogenic tumors (odontogenic tumors with induction) that are reported only rarely in dogs. These tumors are histologically complex and, to a degree, recapitulate the early stages of tooth development, comprising 2 types of tissue: neoplastic odontogenic epithelium, and induced ectomesenchyme (dental pulp). AFOs are distinguished from AFs by the additional presence of hard dental matrices such as dentin. Herein, we describe the key diagnostic features of AF and AFO in 4 young dogs.

scholarly journals Calcifying Ghost Cell Odontogenic Cyst: Report of a Case and Review of Literature

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Sonone ◽  
V. S. Sabane ◽  
Rajeev Desai
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Classical Case ◽  
Odontogenic Cyst ◽  
Odontogenic Tumors ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Ghost Cell ◽  
Histopathological Features ◽  
Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst

The calcifying ghost cell odontogenic cyst (CGCOC) was first described by Gorlin et al. in 1962. Calcifying ghost cell odontogenic cyst is comparatively rare in occurrence, constituting about 0.37% to 2.1% of all odontogenic tumors. The most notable features of this pathologic entity are histopathological features which include a cystic lining demonstrating characteristic “Ghost” epithelial cells with a propensity to calcify. In addition, the CGCOC may be associated with other recognized odontogenic tumors, most commonly odontomas. There are variants of CGCOC according to clinical, histopathological, and radiological characteristics. Therefore a proper categorization of the cases is needed for better understanding of the pathogenesis of each variant. Here, we report a classical case of calcifying odontogenic cyst along with a brief review of literature.

scholarly journals Expression of PCNA, p53 and Ki-67 in dentinogenic ghost cell tumors and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumors

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Bianca de Fátima Borim Pulino ◽  
Carla Silva Siqueira ◽  
Carina Magalhães Esteves Duarte ◽  
Suzana Cantanhede Orsini Machado de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Odontogenic Tumors ◽  
Ghost Cell ◽  
Ki 67

Calcifying ghost cell odontogenic tumor (CGCOT) with predominance of clear cells: a case report with important diagnostic considerations

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. e32-e37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aadithya B. Urs ◽  
Jeyaseelan Augustine ◽  
Hanspal Singh ◽  
Kirti Kureel ◽  
Sujata Mohanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Odontogenic Tumor ◽  
Ghost Cell ◽  
Clear Cells

scholarly journals Variations in Aggressive and Indolent Behaviour of Central Dentinogenic Ghost Cell Tumor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Radhika Manoj Bavle ◽  
Sudhakara Muniswamappa ◽  
Soumya Makarla ◽  
Reshma Venugopal
Keyword(s):  
Solid Tumor ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Odontogenic Tumors ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Ghost Cell ◽  
Impacted Tooth ◽  
First Case ◽  
Maxilla And Mandible ◽  
Dentinogenic Ghost Cell Tumor

Among the aggressive odontogenic tumors, a few tumors generally ameloblastomas, carry a connotation of being aggressive. But, a rare tumor like central dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT) can be equally aggressive with a propensity for recurrence. The two cases discussed in this article are divergent in behaviour with features such as presentation, seen in early decades as central intraosseous tumors in the maxilla and mandible. The first case describes an aggressive DGCT, associated with impacted tooth and odontome which showed recurrence into a large solid tumor within a year. The second case arose in accordance with a partially erupted molar which was comparatively innocuous and less aggressive. Both the cases exhibited classic histopathological features. These two unconventional cases of DGCT with a follow-up are being reported here to highlight the variation in behaviour and presentation and also to understand the aggressive nature of the tumor.

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