Two full-term infants with Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia in the early neonatal period

An analysis of the significant causes of death in 4117 consecutive births was made; there were 66 fetal deaths and 85 neonatal deaths. A significant cause of death was determined in 51 fetuses and 56 live-born infants. Eighty-five per cent of the live-born infants who weighed over 1000 gm. at birth and had postmortem examinations had causes of death which were considered to be significant. Almost half of the live-born premature infants with birth weights between 1000 and 2500 gm. were considered to have had more than one significant cause of death. The so-called significant causes of death among live-born infants differed from those determined for fetuses dying before birth. Among the former, pathologic conditions in the infants were determined four times more frequently than in those dying before birth and, in the latter, maternal complications of pregnancy and labor were diagnosed as significant causes of death five times more frequently than in infants dying in the neonatal period. Hyaline-like material in the lung was considered to be the most frequent significant cause of death in live-born premature infants; congenital malformation and anoxia resulting from complications of labor were the most frequently determined significant causes of death in live-born full term infants. No differences were found in the significant causes of death in premature and full term fetuses. Anoxia resulting from accidental and unexpected interruption of the blood flow in the placenta and umbilical cord and from dystocia was the most frequently determined significant cause of death in both groups. A plea has been made for the adoption by obstetricians, pathologists and pediatricians of a formal uniform plan of classifying the causes of fetal and neonatal death which would divest current efforts to determine the cause of death of as much vague terminology and arbitrary opinion as possible.

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Creatine kinase isoenzymes in serum from cord blood and the blood of healthy full-term infants during the first three postnatal days.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/28.2.317 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 317-322 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

R Jedeikin ◽

S K Makela ◽

A T Shennan ◽

R D Rowe ◽

G Ellis

Keyword(s):

Creatine Kinase ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

Full Term ◽

Term Infants ◽

Skin Puncture ◽

Creatine Kinase Isoenzymes ◽

Cesarian Section

Abstract Isoenzymes of creatine kinase (ATP:creatine phosphotransferase; EC 2.7.3.2; CK) were measured by electrophoresis in serum from cord blood and skin-puncture blood taken from 45 healthy full-term infants during the first three postnatal days. Mean total CK activities (in U/L at 30 degrees C) were 185 in cord samples, 536 in samples taken between 5--8 h postnatally, 494 between 24--33 h, and 288 in the 72-100 h samples. Values for all three isoenzymes increased to a peak over this period, with the highest values generally being found in the samples taken 5--33 h after birth; the subsequent decline was most rapid for CK-BB. Serum CK isoenzymes in cord samples and those taken at 72--100 h in the 11 babies delivered by cesarian section did not differ significantly from those of babies delivered vaginally. However the postnatal increases in total CK, CK-MM, and CK-MB (but not in CK-BB) were significantly greater in those patients born by vaginal delivery. The reasons for the increases in CK isoenzymes after birth are not clear, but our results and reported studies on the ontogeny of CK suggest that CK-MB cannot be regarded as a "cardiac-specific" isoenzyme in the neonatal period.

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The urinary bile acid excretion in healthy premature and full-term infants during the neonatal period

Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation ◽

10.3109/00365519409086503 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

B. Strandvik ◽

E. Wahlén ◽

S. -A. Wikström

Keyword(s):

Bile Acid ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

Full Term ◽

Acid Excretion ◽

Term Infants ◽

Bile Acid Excretion

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Plasma Cholesterol and Lathosterol Levels in Term Infants in the Early Neonatal Period

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-199204000-00018 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 396-400 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

J J Hamilton ◽

A Synnes ◽

S M Innis

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Period ◽

Plasma Cholesterol ◽

Term Infants ◽

Early Neonatal Period

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Autonomic Nervous System Maturation and Emotional Coordination in Interactions of Preterm and Full-Term Infants With Their Parents: Protocol for a Multimethod Study

JMIR Research Protocols ◽

10.2196/28089 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. e28089

Author(s):

Christina Koumarela ◽

Theano Kokkinaki ◽

Giorgos Giannakakis ◽

Katerina Koutra ◽

Eleftheria Hatzidaki

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Family Cohesion ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

Developmental Outcomes ◽

Full Term ◽

Term Infants ◽

Parent Group ◽

Video Recordings ◽

The University ◽

The Relationship

Background There is limited knowledge on the physiological and behavioral pathways that may affect the developmental outcomes of preterm infants and particularly on the link between autonomic nervous system maturation and early social human behavior. Thus, this study attempts to investigate the way heart rate variability (HRV) parameters are related to emotional coordination in interactions of preterm and full-term infants with their parents in the first year of life and the possible correlation with the developmental outcomes of infants at 18 months. Objective The first objective is to investigate the relationship between emotional coordination and HRV in dyadic full-term infant–parent (group 1) and preterm infant–parent (group 2) interactions during the first postpartum year. The second objective is to examine the relationship of emotional coordination and HRV in groups 1 and 2 in the first postpartum year with the developmental outcomes of infants at 18 months. The third objective is to investigate the effect of maternal and paternal postnatal depression on the relation between emotional coordination and HRV in the two groups and on developmental outcomes at 18 months. The fourth objective is to examine the effect of family cohesion and coping on the relation between emotional coordination and HRV in the two groups and on developmental outcomes at 18 months. Methods This is an observational, naturalistic, and longitudinal study applying a mixed method design that includes the following: (1) video recordings of mother-infant and father-infant interactions at the hospital, in the neonatal period, and at home at 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months of the infants’ life; (2) self-report questionnaires of parents on depressive symptoms, family cohesion, and dyadic coping of stress; (3) infants’ HRV parameters in the neonatal period and at each of the above age points during and after infant-parent video recordings; and (4) assessment of toddlers’ social and cognitive development at 18 months through an observational instrument. Results The study protocol has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Crete (number/date: 170/September 18, 2020). This work is supported by the Special Account for Research Funds of the University of Crete (grant number: 10792-668/08.02.2021). All mothers (with their partners) of full-term and preterm infants who give birth between March 2021 and January 2022 at the General University Hospital of Crete (northern Crete, Greece) will be invited to participate. The researcher will invite the parents of infants to participate in the study 1 to 2 days after birth. Data collection is expected to be completed by March 2023, and the first results will be published by the end of 2023. Conclusions Investigating the regulatory role of HRV and social reciprocity in preterm infants may have implications for both medicine and psychology. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/28089

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Perinatal outcomes of newborns born from young mothers with epidural analgesia

Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) ◽

10.21508/1027-4065-2021-66-3-118-124 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 118-124

Author(s):

R. T. Shakirov ◽

S. V. Kinzhalova ◽

R. A. Makarov ◽

S. V. Bychkova ◽

N. V. Putilova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epidural Analgesia ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Young Women ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

Young Mothers ◽

Acid Base ◽

Term Infants ◽

Early Neonatal Period ◽

Arterial Blood

Objective. To evaluate the features of the course of the early neonatal period of newborns born from young women under conditions of epidural analgesia.Material and methods. The authors conducted a prospective, comparative, randomized, longitudinal, monocenter study. Patients of Group 1 (n=25) were anesthetized with a narcotic analgesic (2% Тrimeperedine 1,0 ml intramuscularly). Patients of Group 2 (n=30) received long-term epidural analgesia (EA) with 0,2% Ropivacaine (10,0 ml/hour). All patients delivered full-term infants. The course of labor, clinical and laboratory characteristics of newborns in the early neonatal period were evaluated.Results. There were no significant differences in the duration of labor, volume of blood loss, and other characteristics between the groups. There were no clinical differences between the groups of newborns. We did not find a negative effect of epidural analgesia on the Apgar score at the 1st (p=0,166) and 5th (p=0,217) minutes of life and the neuropsychiatric status of the newborn (p=0,322). At the same time, in the group of long-term epidural analgesia, there was a tendency to a higher incidence of moderate and mild asphyxia (19,2% versus 9,5%; p=0,436). When comparing the acid-base state of umbilical cord arterial blood, significant differences were found in the following indicators: lower pH (p=0,042) and pO2 level (p=0,007) and higher pCO2 level (p=0,031) in arterial cord blood.Conclusion. Epidural analgesia during labor in young women is accompanied by a lower level of pH and pO2 and a higher level of pCO2 in the arterial cord blood as compared to a Group of Тrimeperedine, which indicates a more pronounced shift in the acid-base state of the fetal blood. When analyzing neurological outcomes in newborns, there were no statistically significant differences. However, further follow-up is required for children born from young mothers who have received long-term epidural analgesia in labor.

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