Larvicidal activity of Saraca indica, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, and Clitoria ternatea extracts against three mosquito vector species

2008 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Mathew ◽  
M. G. Anitha ◽  
T. S. L. Bala ◽  
S. M. Sivakumar ◽  
R. Narmadha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Vector Species ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea

scholarly journals Chemical composition and larvicidal activity against Aedes mosquitoes of flower extracts from Clitoria Ternatea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darvin R. Ravindran ◽  
Madhuri Bharathithasan ◽  
Patmani Ramaiah ◽  
Mohd Sukhairi Mat Rasat ◽  
Dinesh Rajendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Chemical Structures

AbstractBackgroundMosquito is a human health tread nowadays, the major health problems caused by them are malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, zika as well as several other outbreaks. The major problem in controlling dengue vectors are the resistant problems. Different classes of insecticides used for public have raised the concern of resistant problem with mosquitoes and environmental pollution. Thus, alternative chemical compounds search is necessary to be searched for overcoming the resistance problem of using pesticides in vectors and the chemical free environment respectively. Thus, to solve these problems, purpose of this study is to identify the larvicidal mechanism, metabolite, antioxidant, chemical compounds and its structure from C. ternatea flower and to test its efficacies against early 4th instar larvae of Ae. aegypti and Ae albopictus.MethodsClitoria ternatea flowers were collected from the Garden of the Faculty of Medicine in International Quest University, Ipoh, Perak and used for crude extraction. Then, the metabolite test, antioxidant test, chromatography techniques were conducted to identify chemical composition of extracts and their chemical structures were identified using GCMS-QP2010 Ultra (Shimadzu). Next, following WHO procedures for larval bioassays, the extracts were used to evaluate against early 4th instar larvae of Aedes mosquito vectors.ResultsThe larvicidal activity of Clitoria ternatea flowers extracts evidently affected the early 4th instar larvae of Aedes mosquito vectors. The highest larvicidal activity was observed against early 4th instar larvae of Ae. aegypti with the LC50 and LC95 values of 1056 and 2491 mg/L, respectively. Meanwhile larvae bioassay test for Ae.albopictus recorded with the LC50 and LC95 values of 1425 and 2753 mg/L. Moreover, the results for non target organism test on Guppy fish, Poecilia reticulate showed no mortalities with flower extracts at 2500 mg/L and posses no toxic effects on fish. In this study, total of 16 chemical compounds and 6 chemical compounds have been reported to posse’s direct effects on insecticidal, larvicidal and pupicidal effects. Namely 6 chemicals used for insecticidal properties were Glycerin, 2-Hydroxy-gamma-butyrolactone, Neophytadiene, n-Hexadecanoic acid, cis-Vaccenic acid, and Octadecanoic acid with total of 28.7%. Clitoria ternatea flower extracts also showed different types of phenols such as anthocyanin, flavonoid and tannin.ConclusionsOur findings showed that crude extract of Clitoria ternatea flower bioactive molecules to be effective and may be developed as biolarvicides for Aedes mosquito vector control. Furthermore, this study also provided a baseline understanding for future research work on the field applications of Clitoria ternatea flower extracts which could be tested for its long term effects on other non target organisms, including human health.

scholarly journals Larvicidal Effect of Vinca Fruit Extract (Vinca rosea) Against Aedes aegypti Larvae and Secondary Metabolites Profile by Thin Layer Chromatography

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Rahmawati Ekaputri ◽  
Sudarsono Sudarsono ◽  
Budi Mulyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Vinca Rosea ◽  
Layer Chromatography

<p>Background: <em>Vinca rosea</em> is known contain alkaloids, it was usually used to treat various diseases. Alkaloids from Vinca leaves are also already known have larvicidal activity. Based on this toxicological activity, the fruit of <em>Vinca rosea</em> was selected to investigation its larvicidal activity against the 3<sup>rd</sup> instar larvae of the mosquito vector of dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) <em>Aedes aegypti.</em>  Five concentrations of Vinca fruit extract were tested against the 3<sup>rd</sup> instar Aedes aegypti larvae. The different larval mortality percentages were recorded after 24 hours. Lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub> anf LC<sub>90</sub>) of Vinca fruit extract were calculated using Probit analysis. Phytochemical compounds  of ethanolic extract also investigated using Thin layer Chromatography (TLC). LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90</sub> values of fruit extract were 2.987 mg/ml and 32.861 mg/ml. Alkaloids were detected in extract.</p>

scholarly journals Studies on the Bacillus sphaericus Larvicidal Activity against Malarial Vector Species in Amazonia

1998 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iléa Brandão Rodrigues ◽  
Waderli Pedro Tadei ◽  
José Manoel C Silva Dias
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Bacillus Sphaericus ◽  
Vector Species ◽  
Malarial Vector

scholarly journals RNA-seq analyses of blood-induced changes in gene expression in the mosquito vector species, Aedes aegypti

BMC Genomics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariangela Bonizzoni ◽  
W Augustine Dunn ◽  
Corey L Campbell ◽  
Ken E Olson ◽  
Michelle T Dimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Vector Species ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Potential distribution of mosquito vector species in a primary malaria endemic region of Colombia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. e0179093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Altamiranda-Saavedra ◽  
Sair Arboleda ◽  
Juan L. Parra ◽  
A. Townsend Peterson ◽  
Margarita M. Correa
Keyword(s):  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Vector Species ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Malaria Endemic Region

Comparative Excito-Repellency of Three Cambodian Plant-Derived Extracts Against Two Mosquito Vector Species,Aedes aegyptiandAnopheles minimus

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Desgrouas ◽  
Jirod Nararak ◽  
Rungarun Tisgratog ◽  
Valerie Mahiou-Leddet ◽  
Sothavireak Bory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Vector Species

scholarly journals Delimiting cryptic morphological variation among human malaria vector species using convolutional neural networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. e0008904
Author(s):  
Jannelle Couret ◽  
Danilo C. Moreira ◽  
Davin Bernier ◽  
Aria Mia Loberti ◽  
Ellen M. Dotson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Vector Species

Deep learning is a powerful approach for distinguishing classes of images, and there is a growing interest in applying these methods to delimit species, particularly in the identification of mosquito vectors. Visual identification of mosquito species is the foundation of mosquito-borne disease surveillance and management, but can be hindered by cryptic morphological variation in mosquito vector species complexes such as the malaria-transmitting Anopheles gambiae complex. We sought to apply Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to images of mosquitoes as a proof-of-concept to determine the feasibility of automatic classification of mosquito sex, genus, species, and strains using whole-body, 2D images of mosquitoes. We introduce a library of 1, 709 images of adult mosquitoes collected from 16 colonies of mosquito vector species and strains originating from five geographic regions, with 4 cryptic species not readily distinguishable morphologically even by trained medical entomologists. We present a methodology for image processing, data augmentation, and training and validation of a CNN. Our best CNN configuration achieved high prediction accuracies of 96.96% for species identification and 98.48% for sex. Our results demonstrate that CNNs can delimit species with cryptic morphological variation, 2 strains of a single species, and specimens from a single colony stored using two different methods. We present visualizations of the CNN feature space and predictions for interpretation of our results, and we further discuss applications of our findings for future applications in malaria mosquito surveillance.

scholarly journals Species composition and land use pattern of mosquito vector species in Sonitpur district, Assam

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Manash Jyoti Nath ◽  
Diganta Goswami ◽  
Bipul Rabha ◽  
Rajan Pilakandy ◽  
Ashok Kumar Bora
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Vector Species ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Use Pattern

scholarly journals Insecticide resistance outpaces behavioural adaptation, as a response to Long-Lasting Insecticidal Net distribution, in malaria vectors in Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine SANOU ◽  
Luca Nelli ◽  
Moussa W Guelbeogo ◽  
Fatoumata Cisse ◽  
Madou Tapsoba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Anopheles Coluzzii ◽  
Vector Species ◽  
Llin Distribution ◽  
Mosquito Behaviour

The decline in malaria across Africa has been largely attributed to vector control using Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs). However, this intervention has prompted widespread insecticide resistance (IR) and been associated with changes in mosquito behaviour that reduce their contact with LLINs. The relative importance and rate at which IR and behavioural adaptations emerge are poorly understood. We conducted surveillance of mosquito behaviour and IR at 12 sites in Burkina Faso to assess the magnitude and temporal dynamics of insecticide and behavioural resistance in vectors in the 2-year following mass LLIN distribution. Insecticide resistance was present in all vector populations and increased rapidly over the study. In contrast, no longitudinal shifts in LLIN-avoidance behaviours (earlier or outdoor biting and resting) were detected. There was a moderate shift in vector species composition from Anopheles coluzzii to Anopheles gambiae which coincided with a reduction in the proportion of bites preventable by LLINs; possibly driven by between-species variation in behaviour. These findings indicate that adaptations based on insecticide resistance arise and intensify more rapidly than behavioural shifts within mosquito vectors. However, longitudinal shifts in mosquito vector species composition were evident within 2 years following a mass LLIN distribution. This ecological shift was characterized by a relative increase in the moderately more exophagic species (An. gambiae) and coincided with a predicted decline in the degree of protection expected from LLINs. Although human exposure fell through the study period due to reducing vector densities and infection rates, such ecological shifts in vector species along with insecticide resistance were likely to have eroded the efficacy of LLINs. While both adaptations impact malaria control, the rapid increase of the former indicates it is the most rapid strategy but interventions targeting both will be needed.

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