Larvicidal Effect of Vinca Fruit Extract (Vinca rosea) Against Aedes aegypti Larvae and Secondary Metabolites Profile by Thin Layer Chromatography

Background: Vinca rosea is known contain alkaloids, it was usually used to treat various diseases. Alkaloids from Vinca leaves are also already known have larvicidal activity. Based on this toxicological activity, the fruit of Vinca rosea was selected to investigation its larvicidal activity against the 3rd instar larvae of the mosquito vector of dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) Aedes aegypti. Five concentrations of Vinca fruit extract were tested against the 3rd instar Aedes aegypti larvae. The different larval mortality percentages were recorded after 24 hours. Lethal concentration (LC50 anf LC90) of Vinca fruit extract were calculated using Probit analysis. Phytochemical compounds of ethanolic extract also investigated using Thin layer Chromatography (TLC). LC50 and LC90 values of fruit extract were 2.987 mg/ml and 32.861 mg/ml. Alkaloids were detected in extract.

Download Full-text

Screening of Different Extracts of Marine Macro Green Algae for Larvicidal Activity against Dengue Fever Mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culiadae)

International Letters of Natural Sciences ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.62.44 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 ◽

pp. 44-51

Author(s):

G. Adaikala Raj ◽

M. Jayaraman ◽

S. Krishnamoorthy ◽

M. Chandrasekaran ◽

V. Venkatesalu

Keyword(s):

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Green Algae ◽

Larvicidal Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Larval Mortality ◽

Control Agent ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Mosquito Vector ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extracts

The present study larvicidal activities of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of Halimeda macroloba, Decsne, Caulerpa racemosa (Frosk) Weber-Van-Bosses and Ulva lactuca Lin, (Chlorophyceae) against Aedes aegypti. The marine macro green algae extracts were tested against early 4th instar larvae of A. aegypti using WHO protocol and concentrations of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 ppm. The observed mortality was made 24 and 48 h after treatment, data was subjected to probit analysis to determine the lethal concentration (LC50 and LC90) of the treated larvae of the tested species.Among the tested extracts the maximum efficicacy was observed in the ethyl acetate extracts. The ethyl acetate extracts of the seaweeds showed the presence of terpenoids, tannins and phenolic compounds stronger than the other extracts. The results revealed that all the extracts showed varied levels of larvicidal activity against A. aegypti tested. However, the ethyl acetate extract of C. racemosa showed remarkable larvicidal activity against A. aegypti (LC50=579.9 and LC90=1255.4 ppm values at 24 h and LC50 =495.4 and LC90 =1073.9 ppm at 48 h) followed by U. lactuca (LC50=588.1 and LC90=1290.7 ppm values at 24 h, and LC50= 530.8 and LC90= 1160.0 ppm at 48 h), respectively. The lowest larval mortality was observed with hexane extract of H. macroloba against A. aegypti with values of LC50=1116.8 and LC90= 1824.5 ppm (after 24 h) and LC50=1059.9 and LC90=1768.3 ppm (after 24 h). The present studies indicate that the larvicidal activity and phytochemicals derived from the ethyl acetate extract of C. racemosa have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach and effective mosquito vector control agent.

Download Full-text

UJI TOKSISITAS DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA EKSTRAK ALGA MERAH (Eucheuma cottonii) TERHADAP LARVA UDANG Artemia salina LEACH

ALCHEMY ◽

10.18860/al.v0i0.2892 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noer Mardlatillah Sharo ◽

Rachmawati Ningsih ◽

Ahmad Hanapi ◽

Ahmad Nasichuddin

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Red Algae ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Eucheuma Cottonii

Eucheuma cottonii is a multicellular algae (multicellular) that have bioactive compounds used in medicine, such as anticancer. The purpose of this research is to know the level of toxicity of the crude extract of ethanol and n-hexane red algae (Eucheuma cottonii) against larvae of shrimp A. salina Leach and to know the active compounds contained in crude extracts of ethanol and n-hexane red algae (Eucheuma cottonii).This research was conducted with the maceration extraction continuing by test toxicity against the shrimp larvae of A. salina Leach (BSLT). The result of the toxicity test then proceeds with the test reagents and phytochemicals with thin layer chromatography for positive test of compound phytochemicals. Thin-layer chromatography using eluen n-hexane: ethyl acetate (7: 3) to ethanol extract and n-hexane: ethyl acetate (17: 3) for n-hexane extract. Data on toxicity of A. salina Leach analyzed by probit analysis to find out the value of LC50 on each extract.The results of this research indicate that each of the rough red algae extract (Eucheuma cottonii) by using a solvent of ethanol and n-hexane have toxicity values (LC50) of shrimp larvae of A. salina Leach consecutive 58,0128 ppm and 61,7571 ppm. Active compounds content of Phytochemical test results i.e. triterpenoid (ethanol extract) and steroids (n-hexsane extract). The TLC triterpenoid obtained 7 stains, and the results obtained steroids 8 TLC stains.

Download Full-text

EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MAHONI (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.) TERHADAP LARVA Aedes aegypti L.

Florea Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya ◽

10.25273/florea.v4i2.1067 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Tisa Rizkika Nur Amelia

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Key Words ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Botanical Insecticide ◽

Flavonoid Compounds ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Swietenia Mahagoni

The aim of the research were to evaluate the efficacy of botanical insecticide of S. mahagoni leaves extracts against larvae of Ae. aegypti, based on concentration of the leaves S. mahagoni extract, and in additional to determine secondary metabolites compounds of S. mahagoni leaves extract. The extraction of S. mahagoni leaves was done by using ethanol solvents and than was analyzed by using Thin Layer Chromatography. The result indicated that ethanolic extract of S. mahagoni leaf contained alkaloid, tannin, saponin, terpenoid, and flavonoid compounds. The value of LC50 and LC90 calculation showed that LC50 of ethanolic extract over second and third instar larvae respectively were 488 ppm and 644 ppm. However the value of LC90 of both instar larvae were 732 ppm and 797 ppm. Based on the above result, it can be concluded that ethanolic extract of S. mahagoni leaf was effective against larvae of Ae .aegypti.Key words: Ae. aegypti, S. mahagoni, botanical insecticide

Download Full-text

Physiochemical, Insecticidal and Antidiabetic activities of Senna occidentalis Linn Root

10.21203/rs.3.rs-28860/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tahani Osman Issa ◽

Ahmed Ibrahim Mohamed Ahmed ◽

Yahya Sulieman Mohamed ◽

Sakina Yagi ◽

Abdelrafie Mohamed Makhawi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Larvicidal Activity ◽

Uv Light ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Mosquito Larvae ◽

Phytochemical Compounds ◽

Ld50 Value ◽

Layer Chromatography

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the physiochemical activities of Senna occidentalis (Linn) roots, phytochemicals as insecticidal (ethyl acetate and methanol) and antidiabetic (ethanolic extract) activities. Physicochemical properties were carried out by using Association of Official Analytical Chemists methods, thin layer chromatography was carried out according to the Stahl method. Larvicidal activity and LD50 were studied against third instar of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae to detect, which extract is safe or toxic. The ethanolic extracts of the roots were orally tested at the dose 200 mg/kg for hypoglycemic effect on induced hyperglycemia in normal rats, assessed in the ethanol extract were compared with diabetic control and standards Glibenclamide 10mg/kg. Physiochemical parameters showed high parameters in nitrogen free extract (69.6%), curd fiber (14.5%), crude proteins (8.15%), ether extract (3.75%), and both Ash and moisture (2%), high concentrations values were found in potassium (43 mg/l) followed by phosphorous (28.5 mg/l), calcium (15 mg/l), sodium (3.65 mg/l) and magnesium. (0.145 mg/l) in this part beside phytochemical compounds showed high amount of alkaloids, triterpene, flavonoids, tannins, sugars, and few amount of Anthraquinone glycosides. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) studies different colored phytochemical constituted with different Rf values. All the spots are colored under UV light, but some are localized colorless after spaying. Ethyl acetate (EtAc) extract showed eight spots and methanol (MeOH) extract showed thirteen spots. The Larvicidal activity showed that ethyl acetate extract was safe against mosquito larvae with LD50 value 1412.54 (p<0.05) and methanol extract had moderate larvicidal activity against mosquito larvae with LD50 value 257.54 (p<0.05). While the ethanolic extract of Senna occidentalis (L.) cause a favorable hypoglycemic activity when compared to control significant reduction by [53.15%, 32.87% and 20.94%] respectively as while as standard Glibenclamide. Based on the various data of the physicochemical parameters, TLC spots and phytochemical compounds of Senna occidentalis root, they could be used as references standards for manufacturing units of Senna occidentalis root Larvicidal and antidiabetic drugs.

Download Full-text

Physiochemical, Insecticidal, and Antidiabetic Activities of Senna occidentalis Linn Root

Biochemistry Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/8810744 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Tahani Osman Issa ◽

Ahmed Ibrahim Mohamed Ahmed ◽

Yahya Sulieman Mohamed ◽

Sakina Yagi ◽

Abdelrafie Mohamed Makhawi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Larvicidal Activity ◽

Uv Light ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

High Rate ◽

Mosquito Larvae ◽

Phytochemical Compounds ◽

Layer Chromatography

The present study aimed to investigate the physiochemical activities of Senna occidentalis (Linn) roots and phytochemicals as insecticidal (ethyl acetate and methanol) and antidiabetic (ethanolic extract) activities. Physicochemical properties were carried out by using Association of Official Analytical Chemist methods; thin layer chromatography was carried out according to the Stahl method. Larvicidal activity and LD50 were studied against the third instar of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae to detect and extract toxicity. The ethanolic extracts of the roots were orally tested at the dose 200 mg/kg for the hypoglycemic effect on induced hyperglycemia in normal rats, assessed in the ethanol extract, and were compared with diabetic control and standards glibenclamide 10 mg/kg. Physiochemical parameters showed high rate in the nitrogen-free extract (69.6%), curd fiber (14.5%), crude proteins (8.15%), ether extract (3.75%), and both ash and moisture (2%), and high concentrations values were found in potassium (43 mg/l) followed by phosphorous (28.5 mg/l), calcium (15 mg/l), sodium (3.65 mg/l), and magnesium (0.145 mg/l). In this part, phytochemical compounds showed high amount of alkaloids, triterpene, flavonoids, tannins, sugars, and few amount of anthraquinone glycosides. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) studies different colored phytochemical constituted with different Rf values. All the spots are colored under UV light, but some are localized colorless after spaying. The ethyl acetate (EtAc) extract showed eight spots, and the methanol (MeOH) extract showed thirteen spots. The larvicidal activity showed that the ethyl acetate extract was safe against mosquito larvae with an LD50 value 1412.54 (p<0.05), and the methanol extract had moderate larvicidal activity against mosquito larvae with an LD50 value 257.54 (p<0.05), while the ethanolic extract of Senna occidentalis (L.) causes a favorable hypoglycemic activity when compared to control significant reduction by [53.15%, 32.87%, and 20.94%], respectively, as well as standard glibenclamide. Based on the various data of the physicochemical parameters, TLC spots, and phytochemical compounds of Senna occidentalis root, they could be used as references standards for manufacturing units of Senna occidentalis root larvicidal and antidiabetic drugs.

Download Full-text

The Phytochemical Analysis of Hay Infusions and Papaya Leaf Juice as an Attractant Containing Insecticide for Aedes Aegypti

Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat ◽

10.15294/kemas.v12i2.6223 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 218-224

Author(s):

Widya Hary Cahyati ◽

Widya Asmara ◽

S Rahmah Umniyati ◽

Budi Mulyaningsih

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

High Performance ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Hplc Method ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Leaf Juice

Aedes aegypti mosquito population could be controlled by using lethal ovitrap. The addition of hay infusions as a attractant greatly enhance Aedes aegypti eggs trapped, and papaya leaf juice may inhibit Aedes aegypti eggs evolve to larvae or a larvae to pupae stage. This study was conducted to find out the chemical compounds in hay infusion and papaya leaf juice. We used phytochemical test using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, Thin Layer Chromatography, and High Performance Liquid Chromatoraphy (HPLC) method. The results showed that hay infusion contains 12,75 mg/L ammonium and <1,20 ppm (g/mL) lactic acid and papaya leaf juice contains 0,25% alkaloid, 0,14% flavonoid, 0,30% saponin, ?68 mg/L steroid and 11,34% tannin, but negative terpenoid. We concluded that hay infusion and papaya leaf juice contains chemical compounds that could be use as attractant and bioinsecticide to Aedes aegypti, respectively.

Download Full-text

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Ocimum sanctum against Mosquito Vectors for Malaria and Dengue

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2014.7.4.8 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 2650-2665

Author(s):

M. Syed Ali ◽

A.M. Aswan Ali ◽

Vijaya P P ◽

Yogananth N ◽

M. Munees Prabu

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Green Synthesis ◽

Larvicidal Activity ◽

Anopheles Stephensi ◽

Larval Mortality ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

Ocimum Sanctum

Vector-borne diseases such as malaria, filariasis, yellow fever, dengue, and Japanese encephalitis are major illnesses in in tropical countries. The main objective of this study was to investigate the larvicidal activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing aqueous leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum against fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi. The present study was carried out to establish the larvicidal activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using leaf aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum against fourth instar larvae of dengue and malaria vector. The larval mortality was observed after different time of exposures. Further, characterization such as XRD and SEM analysis were carried out for the synthesized silver nanoparticles. The mortality values were obtained using the probit analysis. The larvae of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi were found to be highly susceptible for the silver nanoparticles. The larvae have shown 100% mortality against the silver nanoparticles, whereas fourth instar larvae have shown efficacy (LC50) after 24 and 48 hr. The characterization studies of synthesized AgNPs by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), of silver nanoparticles along with stability. In conclusions, the findings revealed that synthesized AgNPs possess excellent mosquito larvicidal activity. These results suggest that the green synthesis of AgNPs have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of head lice and vectors.

Download Full-text