scholarly journals Nonparametric extrapolation of extreme quantiles: a comparison study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Banfi ◽  
Greta Cazzaniga ◽  
Carlo De Michele
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Support Services ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Domain Of Attraction ◽  
Nonparametric Methods ◽  
Parametric Approach ◽  
Extreme Quantiles ◽  
Distribution Type ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe extrapolation of quantiles beyond or below the largest or smallest observation plays an important role in hydrological practice, design of hydraulic structures, water resources management, or risk assessment. Traditionally, extreme quantiles are obtained using parametric methods that require to make an a priori assumption about the distribution that generated the data. This approach has several limitations mainly when applied to the tails of the distribution. Semiparametric or nonparametric methods, on the other hand, allow more flexibility and they may overcome the problems of the parametric approach. Therefore, we present here a comparison between three selected semi/nonparametric methods, namely the methods of Hutson (Stat and Comput, 12(4):331–338, 2002) and Scholz (Nonparametric tail extrapolation. Tech. Rep. ISSTECH-95-014, Boeing Information and Support Services, Seattle, WA, United States of America, 1995) and kernel density estimation. While the first and third methods have already applications in hydrology, Scholz (Nonparametric tail extrapolation. Tech. Rep. ISSTECH-95-014, Boeing Information and Support Services, Seattle, WA, United States of America, 1995) is proposed in this context for the first time. After describing the methods and their applications in hydrology, we compare their performance for different sample lengths and return periods. We use synthetic samples extracted from four distributions whose maxima belong to the Gumbel, Weibull, and Fréchet domain of attraction. Then, the same methods are applied to a real precipitation dataset and compared with a parametric approach. Eventually, a detailed discussion of the results is presented to guide researchers in the choice of the most suitable method. None of the three methods, in fact, outperforms the others; performances, instead, vary greatly with distribution type, return period, and sample size.

scholarly journals First Report of Wisteria vein mosaic virus in Wisteria sinensis in the United States of America

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayapati A. Naidu ◽  
Gandhi Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
First Report ◽  
Woody Perennial ◽  
Wisteria Sinensis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Wisteria Vein Mosaic Virus

The ornamental Chinese wisteria (Wisteria sinensis) is a woody perennial grown for its flowering habit in home gardens and landscape settings. In this brief, the occurrence of Wisteria vein mosaic virus (WVMV) was reported for the first time in Chinese wisteria in the United States of America. Accepted for publication 18 June 2008. Published 18 August 2008.

scholarly journals COMPLEXITY AND INFORMATION-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE VARIATIONS OF THE SARS-COV-2 GENOME IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (USA)

Fractals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (07) ◽  
pp. 2150023
Author(s):  
HAMIDREZA NAMAZI ◽  
ONDREJ KREJCAR ◽  
ABDULHAMIT SUBASI
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Genomic Structure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infected People ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Random Fluctuations ◽  
First Time

SARS-CoV-2 is a deadly virus that has affected human life since late 2019. Between all the countries that have reported the cases of patients with SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19), the United States of America has the highest number of infected people and mortality rate. Since different states in the USA reported different numbers of patients and also death cases, analyzing the difference of SARS-CoV-2 between these states has great importance. Since the generated RNA walk from the SARS-CoV-2 genome includes complex random fluctuations that also contain information, in this study, we employ the complexity and information theories to investigate the variations of SARS-CoV-2 genome between different states in the USA for the first time. The results of our analysis showed that the fractal dimension and Shannon entropy of genome walk significantly change between different states. Based on these results, we can conclude that the SARS-CoV-2 genomic structure significantly changes between different states, which is resulted from the virus evolution. Therefore, developing a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 is very challenging since it should be able to fight various structures of the virus in different states.

scholarly journals The Cinema of Manie van Rensburg (Part 1)

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin P. Botha
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
New York ◽  
South African ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Film Festival ◽  
African Film ◽  
First Time

INTRODUCTIONThe name, Manie van Rensburg, is virtually unknown in Europe and the United States of America. Recently, some of his work was screened at a South African film festival in Amsterdam at the Kriterion cinema and I had the honour to present a lecture there on 7 October 1995 regarding Van Rensburg and his presence in the cinema. His film work was also highlighted in a small retrospective during October 1996 at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel. IT WAS NOT THE FIRST TIME a Van Rensburg film was screened outside the borders of South Africa. During the 1980s Van Rensburg received an International Film Festival of New York award for his historical TV drama series, Heroes, and a Merit Award from the London Film Festival was given to him for his filmed play, The Native who Caused all the Trouble. His mammoth production, The Fourth...

Care-leaving in South Africa: an international and social justice perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Bond
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Support Services ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Care Leavers ◽  
Poor Outcomes

AbstractInternationally, the care-leaving debate began in the 1970s. The poor outcomes associated with care-leaving in the United Kingdom, United States of America and Australia prompted attention resulting in policy change in recent years, which continues to develop. The experience and outcomes for care leavers in South Africa reflects that of their contemporaries in other countries, however, contextual factors compound the problems that they face and there is little support available to them. This paper discusses some of the challenges facing care leavers and the development of the care-leaving debate, legislation and policy in the United Kingdom, United States and Australia. A comparison of the care-leaving arena in South Africa and the support services available to care leavers in the different countries will be presented. The paper concludes by arguing that the absence of services for care leavers is a neglect of the state's responsibility as corporate parent, and represents an issue of social justice.

scholarly journals Forecasting University Enrollment: An Historical Case Of A College Of Business In Northeast United States Of America

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Alon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Competitive Analysis ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Regional University ◽  
Timely Fashion ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
College Of Business ◽  
First Time

This article attempts to provide a framework for predicting enrollments accurately and in a timely fashion. Several projection models are developed for predicting full-time, first-time enrollment.  A case of a regional University in NJ with a large college of business – which we will call COB (standing for College of Business, its primary focus) for purposes of anynomity -- is used to provide an historical example.  Information on competitive analysis is also provided. 

THOU SHALT NOT VIOLATE PROVISIONAL MEASURES

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-492
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Yang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Genocide Convention ◽  
International Court Of Justice ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
International Court ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

In its judgment in the LaGrand case (Germany v. United States of America), delivered on 27 June 2001, the International Court of Justice found, for the first time in its history, that its orders indicating provisional measures were legally binding. This has long been the subject of extensive controversy, but the Court has traditionally refrained from stating its views on this point, even though such orders are frequently disregarded (e.g., in Anglo-Iranian Oil Co. (1951), Fisheries Jurisdiction (1972), Diplomatic Staff in Tehran (1979) and Genocide Convention (1993)). In LaGrand the Court adopted a positive stand on provisional measures and displayed full readiness to draw serious consequences from non-compliance therewith. One can expect that the important ruling in this case will have a far-reaching impact on future attitudes toward the Court’s provisional measures.

The first record of Culiseta particeps (Diptera: Culicidae) in Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Jackson ◽  
Tim Howay ◽  
Peter Belton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
First Record ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Control Light ◽  
First Time

AbstractUsing a Center for Disease Control light trap Culiseta particeps (Adams) (Diptera: Culicidae) was collected on four occasions during the spring and summer of 2011. In addition, on 15 April 2011 a pupa was collected from a semi-permanent pool, reared to the adult stage and identified as C. particeps. The collection and identification of these mosquitoes marks the first time C. particeps has been reported in Canada. As there have been specimens identified in both the southwest coast of Alaska, United States of America and northwestern Washington State, United States of America, it is unsurprising that British Columbia, Canada is part of the natural habitat range of C. particeps.

Dislocazioni del lavoro. Mobilitŕ e flessibilitŕ nel nuovo mercato globale della conoscenza

2009 ◽  
pp. 167-180
Author(s):  
Aihwa Ong
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Emerging Powers ◽  
First Time ◽  
India And China

- The outsourcing of work is today, for the American middle class, cause of a real obsession. The middle-class, for the first time, fears, from a point of view of working, of being left to drift. The author of this essay tells the complex, and far from obvious, dynamics of purchase of labor between the United States of America and the great new emerging powers (India and China, first of all) in the knowledge economy.

Introduction

Crackup ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Popkin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Campaign Finance ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
White House ◽  
Citizens United ◽  
First Time

In 2016, a businessman so discredited that he could no longer get a casino license or borrow money from an American bank was elected president of the United States of America. How did this happen? It is easy to mock and ridicule Donald Trump as if he is the problem. In fact, he is a symptom of a much larger issue that has been bedeviling the GOP for nearly two decades: an intraparty crackup of massive proportions. “Crackup” here refers to a breakdown of the fragile alliances between coalitions within a party that prevents its leaders from developing goals they can deliver on when they control the White House and majorities in the House and Senate. This introductory chapter explains why party crackups are inevitable in a federal system with national money and local primaries. But this is the first time—for either party—that no group within the party could create a synthesis of old orthodoxies and new realities that altered the party’s direction enough to build a new consensus. The straw that broke the elephant’s back is the unintended—yet predictable—consequence of changes in campaign finance (popularly known as the McCain-Feingold bill) and the Supreme Court’s Citizens United ruling. These changes limited the party of legislative leaders to reach intraparty consensus and bargain with the other party. The combination has stripped the parties of most of their power to enforce any collective responsibility on their legislative colleagues, or upon a president from their own party.

The Grand Connection

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-252
Author(s):  
Catherine Ward ◽  
Clint-Michael Reneau
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Black Female ◽  
Leadership Characteristics ◽  
Sense Of Purpose ◽  
First Time

This chapter outlines first-time leadership characteristics demonstrated by Mae Jemison, the first Black female astronaut in the United States of America, to highlight the qualities and characteristics needed to be a successful first-time leader. These characteristics are qualities leaders can identify within themselves, develop, and implement in their daily practice. This book chapter explores 1) the ability to identify and define a personal vision, 2) having a sense of purpose, 3) vulnerability and the willingness to take risks, 4) courage, and 5) ultimately, how leadership is about seeing and valuing the gifts and talents of others and the ability to truly connect with others to fulfill a greater purpose.

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