Infectious complications in patients with hematological malignancies consulted by the Infectious Diseases team: a retrospective cohort study (1997–2001)

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulay Sain Guven ◽  
Omrum Uzun ◽  
Banu Cakir ◽  
Murat Akova ◽  
Serhat Unal
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Infectious Complications

scholarly journals Incidence of Kawasaki disease before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort study in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e001034
Author(s):  
Kyohei Iio ◽  
Kousaku Matsubara ◽  
Chisato Miyakoshi ◽  
Kunitaka Ota ◽  
Rika Yamaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Difference In Difference

BackgroundEpidemiological studies in Kawasaki disease (KD) have suggested infectious aetiology. During the COVID-19 pandemic, measures for mitigating SARS-CoV-2 transmission also suppress the circulation of other contagious microorganisms. The primary objective is to compare the number and incidence of KD before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan, and the secondary objective is to investigate temporal association between the KD epidemiology and activities of SARS-CoV-2 and other viral and bacterial infections.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2016 and 2020 in Kobe, Japan. We collected information of hospitalised KD children in Kobe. Child population was identified through the resident registry system. Activity of COVID-19 and 11 other infectious diseases was derived from a public health monitoring system. Monthly change of KD incidence was analysed using a difference-in-difference regression model.ResultsThroughout the study period, 1027 KD children were identified. KD had begun to decline in April 2020, coinciding with the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of KD cases (n=66) between April and December 2020 was 40% of the average in the same period in 2016–2019 (165/year). Annual KD incidence was 315, 300, 353, 347 and 188/100 000 children aged 0–4 years in 2016–2020, respectively. The difference-in-difference value of KD incidence was significantly reduced in the fourth quarter in 2020 (−15.8, 95% CI −28.0 to −3.5), compared with that in 2016–2019. Sentinel surveillance showed a marked decrease of all infectious diseases except exanthema subitum after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. There were 86 COVID-19 cases aged <10 years and no KD children associated with COVID-19.ConclusionThis study showed that the number and incidence of KD was dramatically reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. This change was temporally associated with decreased activities of various infectious diseases other than COVID-19, supporting the hypothesis of infection-triggered pathogenesis in KD.

scholarly journals Burden of cytomegalovirus reactivation post kidney transplant with antithymocyte globulin use in Thailand: A retrospective cohort study

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria N. Chitasombat ◽  
Siriorn P. Watcharananan
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Antithymocyte Globulin ◽  
Graft Loss ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Inpatient Setting ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
Cmv Reactivation

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important cause of infectious complications after kidney transplantation (KT), especially among patients receiving antithymocyte globulin (ATG). CMV infection can result in organ dysfunction and indirect effects such as graft rejection, graft failure, and opportunistic infections. Prevention of CMV reactivation includes pre-emptive or prophylactic approaches. Access to valganciclovir prophylaxis is limited by high cost. Our objective is to determine the burden and cost of treatment for CMV reactivation/disease among KT recipients who received ATG in Thailand since its first use in our center. Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of KT patients who received ATG during 2010-2013. We reviewed patients’ characteristics, type of CMV prophylaxis, incidence of CMV reactivation, and outcome (co-infections, graft function and death). We compared the treatment cost between patients with and without CMV reactivation. Results: Thirty patients included in the study had CMV serostatus D+/R+. Twenty-nine patients received intravenous ganciclovir early after KT as inpatients. Only three received outpatient valganciclovir prophylaxis. Incidence of CMV reactivation was 43%, with a median onset of 91 (range 23-1007) days after KT. Three patients had CMV end-organ disease; enterocolitis or retinitis. Infectious complication rate among ATG-treated KT patients was up to 83%, with a trend toward a higher rate among those with CMV reactivation (P = 0.087). Patients with CMV reactivation/disease required longer duration of hospitalization (P = 0.018). The rate of graft loss was 17%. The survival rate was 97%. The cost of treatment among patients with CMV reactivation was significantly higher for both inpatient setting (P = 0.021) and total cost (P = 0.035) than in those without CMV reactivation. Conclusions: Burden of infectious complications among ATG-treated KT patients was high. CMV reactivation is common and associated with longer duration of hospitalization and higher cost.

Risk of Onset of Hematological Malignancies in Patients Infected with the Hepatitis B Virus: Results from a Large-Scale Retrospective Cohort Study in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Li ◽  
Yu Zheng ◽  
Hongming Zhu ◽  
Xiaojing Lin ◽  
Yunxiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
B Virus

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major global issue, because an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients infected with HBV is well established. Recently, it has been suggested that HBV is associated with other human cancers. However, the association between HBV and the risk of onset of hematological malignancies remains controversial. The aim of this large-scale retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the association between HBV infection and hematological malignancies. A retrospective analysis of 86,115 newly admitted patients at Shanghai Ruijin Hospital was performed. A cohort of patients previously exposed to HBV (n = 1,874) and a cohort of individuals without a positive test for anti-hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc; n = 45,118) were compared to assess the risk of hematological malignancies. Anti-HBc was positive in 61.2% cases and 54.3% controls (p = 0.0001). The risk of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and multiple myeloma was higher in the HBV-infected cohort than in the non-HBV-infected cohort. In conclusion, patients infected with HBV have a substantially increased risk of hematological malignancies.

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