Arbuscular mycorrhizas and ectomycorrhizas of Uapaca bojeri L. (Euphorbiaceae): sporophore diversity, patterns of root colonization, and effects on seedling growth and soil microbial catabolic diversity

Acer saccharum Marsh. (sugar maple) is one of only few arbuscular mycorrhizal trees to form extensive stands in northern temperate biomes. Recent maple decline could result from altered intensity and quality of root colonization by associated mycobionts or possible shifts in symbiotic fungal community composition following environmental stresses. In this study the effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of soil acidification, one of several proposed causal stresses underlying forest decline, and remedial liming were investigated under glasshouse conditions. Acer saccharum seedlings were grown in unsterilized, pH altered, forest soils from healthy and declining maple stands. Over a range of treatment pHs normally tolerated by A. saccharum, fungal populations and responses to pH changes differed between the two soils. The declining site with more acidic soil had an initially larger spore population but lower taxonomic diversity than the healthy site. However, liming stimulated sporulation of several taxa initially apparently absent from the declining site spore population. The quantity of colonization generally increased with pH for both sites. Five Glomus taxa and Scutellospora calospora (Nicol. & Gerd.) Walker & Sanders are added to the list of fungi known to form arbuscular mycorrhizas with A. saccharum, and the known range of Acaulospora cavernata Blaszkowski is extended from Poland to eastern North America.

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Effects of vegetation type on soil microbial community structure and catabolic diversity assessed by polyphasic methods in North China

Journal of Environmental Sciences ◽

10.1016/s1001-0742(07)60200-9 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

pp. 1228-1234 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Xue-mei HAN ◽

Ren-qing WANG ◽

Jian LIU ◽

Meng-cheng WANG ◽

Juan ZHOU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Community Structure ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

North China ◽

Vegetation Type ◽

Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Catabolic Diversity

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Soil microbial functional diversity patterns and drivers along an elevation gradient on Qinghai-Tibet, China

Acta Ecologica Sinica ◽

10.5846/stxb201707261343 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (16) ◽

Author(s):

王颖 WANG Ying ◽

宗宁 ZONG Ning ◽

何念鹏 HE Nianpeng ◽

张晋京 ZHANG Jinjing ◽

田静 TIAN Jing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Diversity ◽

Elevation Gradient ◽

Microbial Functional Diversity ◽

Diversity Patterns ◽

Soil Microbial

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Medical bioremediation: Prospects for the application of microbial catabolic diversity to aging and several major age-related diseases

Ageing Research Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.arr.2005.03.008 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 315-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Aubrey D.N.J. de Grey ◽

Pedro J.J. Alvarez ◽

Roscoe O. Brady ◽

Ana Maria Cuervo ◽

W. Gray Jerome ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Catabolic Diversity ◽

Age Related ◽

Microbial Catabolic Diversity

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Contrasting biogeographic patterns of bacterial and archaeal diversity in the top- and subsoils of temperate grasslands

10.1101/623264 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Nana Liu ◽

Huifeng Hu ◽

Wenhong Ma ◽

Ye Deng ◽

Yuqing Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Microbial Diversity ◽

Temperature Anomaly ◽

Soil Microbial Diversity ◽

Temperate Grasslands ◽

Diversity Patterns ◽

Biogeographic Patterns ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Historical Temperature ◽

Microbial Groups

ABSTRACTBiogeographic patterns and drivers of soil microbial diversity have been extensively studied in the past few decades. However, most research has focused on the topsoil while the subsoil is assumed to have similar microbial diversity patterns as the topsoil. Here we compare patterns and drivers of microbial diversity in the top- (0-10 cm) versus subsoils (30-50 cm) of temperate grasslands in Inner Mongolia of China along an aridity gradient covering a ~1500-km transect from arid to mesic ecosystems. Counter to the conventional assumption, we find contrasting biogeographic patterns of diversity and influencing factors for different bacterial and archaeal groups and between depths. While bacterial diversity increases with increasing aridity, archaeal diversity decreases. Microbial diversity in the topsoil is most strongly influenced by aboveground vegetation, but is most strongly influenced by historical temperature anomaly since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in the subsoil. Moreover, the biogeographic patterns of top-subsoil diversity difference varies for different microbial groups and is overall most strongly influenced by soil fertility difference between depths and historical temperature anomaly. These findings suggest that diversity patterns observed in the topsoil may not be readily applied to the subsoil horizons. For the subsoil in particular, historical climate plays a vital role in the distribution of various microbial groups. Overall, our study provides novel information for understanding and predicting soil microbial diversity patterns at depth.IMPORTANCEExploring the biogeographic patterns of soil microbial diversity is critical for understanding mechanisms underlying the response of soil processes to climate change. Using top- and subsoils from a ~1500-km temperature grassland transect, we find divergent patterns of microbial diversity and its determinants in the top-versus subsoils. Furthermore, we find important legacy effect of historical climate change on the microbial diversity of subsoil but not topsoil. Our findings challenge the conventional assumption of similar geographic patterns of soil microbial diversity along soil profiles and help to improve our understanding of how soil microbial communities may respond to future climate change in different regions with varied climate history.

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Soil microbial functionality in response to the inclusion of cover crop mixtures in agricultural systems

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/2016142-8395 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. e0304 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Diego N. Chavarría ◽

Romina A. Verdenelli ◽

Emiliano J. Muñoz ◽

Cinthia Conforto ◽

Silvina B. Restovich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Agricultural System ◽

Agricultural Systems ◽

Cash Crop ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Catabolic Diversity ◽

Cash Crops ◽

Physiological Profiles

Agricultural systems where monoculture prevails are characterized by fertility losses and reduced contribution to ecosystem services. Including cover crops (CC) as part of an agricultural system is a promising choice in sustainable intensification of those demanding systems. We evaluated soil microbial functionality in cash crops in response to the inclusion of CC by analyzing soil microbial functions at two different periods of the agricultural year (cash crop harvest and CC desiccation) during 2013 and 2014. Three plant species were used as CC: oat (Avena sativa L.), vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) which were sown in two different mixtures of species: oat and radish mix (CC1) and oat, radish and vetch mix (CC2), with soybean monoculture and soybean/corn being the cash crops. The study of community level physiological profiles showed statistical differences in respiration of specific C sources indicating an improvement of catabolic diversity in CC treatments. Soil enzyme activities were also increased with the inclusion of CC mixtures, with values of dehydrogenase activity and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis up to 38.1% and 35.3% higher than those of the control treatment, respectively. This research evidenced that CC inclusion promotes soil biological quality through a contribution of soil organic carbon, improving the sustainability of agrosystems. The use of a CC mixture of three plant species including the legume vetch increased soil biological processes and catabolic diversity, with no adverse effects on cash crop grain yield.

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Diversity patterns of soil microbial communities in the Sophora flavescens rhizosphere in response to continuous monocropping

10.21203/rs.3.rs-28778/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Haiying Lei ◽

Ake Liu ◽

Qinwen Hou ◽

Qingsong Zhao ◽

Jia Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Crop Production ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Sophora Flavescens ◽

Diversity Patterns ◽

Soil Microbial

Abstract Background: Continuous monocropping can affect the physicochemical and biological characteristics of cultivated soil. Sophora flavescens is a valuable herbal medicine and sensitive to continuous monocropping. Currently, diversity patterns of soil microbial communities in soil continuous monocropping with S. flavescens have not been extensively elucidated.Results: In this study, comparative 16S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) MiSeq sequencing analyses were used to examine the taxonomic community structure and microbial diversity in nonrhizosphere soil (CK) and rhizosphere soils (SCC, TCC, and FCC) sampled from fields that had undergone two, three, and five years of continuous monocropping, respectively. Among the microbial communities, a decreased abundance of Acidobacteria and increased abundances of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were found with the increase in monocropping years of S. flavescens. As the continuous monocropping time increased, the diversity of the bacterial community decreased, but that of fungi increased. Redundancy analysis also showed that among the properties of the rhizosphere soil, the available phosphorus, organic matter, total nitrogen, and sucrase had the greatest impacts on the diversity of the rhizosphere microbial community. Moreover, a biomarker for S. flavescens soil was also identified using the most differentially abundant bacteria and fungi in soil samples.Conclusions: Our study indicates that long-term monocropping exerted great impacts on microbial community distributions and soil physicochemical properties. The relationship between microbial community and physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil would help clarify the side effects of continuous S. flavescens monocropping. Our study may aid in uncovering the theoretical basis underlying obstacles to continuous monocropping and provide better guidance for crop production.

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