The impact of heat waves on surface urban heat island and local economy in Cluj-Napoca city, Romania

Over a billion people currently live in coastal areas, and coastal urbanization is rapidly growing worldwide. Here, we explore the impact of an extreme and rapid coastal urbanization on near-surface climatic variables, based on MODIS data, Landsat and some in-situ observations. We study Dubai, one of the fastest growing cities in the world over the last two decades. Dubai's urbanization centers along its coastline &#8211; in land, massive skyscrapers and infrastructure have been built, while in sea, just nearby, unique artificial islands have been constructed.Studying the coastline during the years of intense urbanization (2001-2014), we show that the coastline exhibits surface urban heat island characteristics, where the urban center experiences higher temperatures, by as much as 2.0&#176;C and more, compared to the adjacent less urbanized zones. During development, the coastal surface urban heat island has nearly doubled its size, expanding towards the newly developed areas. This newly developed zone also exhibited the largest temperature trend along the coast, exceeding 0.1&#176;C/year on average.Overall, we found that over land, temperature increases go along with albedo decreases, while in sea, surface temperature decreases and albedo increases were observed particularly over the artificial islands. These trends in land and sea temperatures affect the land-sea temperature gradient which influences the breeze intensity. The above findings, along with the increasing relative humidity shown, directly affect the local population and ecosystem and add additional burden to this area, which is already considered as one of the warmest in the world and a climate change 'hot spot'.&#160;References:E. Elhacham and P. Alpert, "Impact of coastline-intensive anthropogenic activities on the atmosphere from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data in Dubai (2001&#8211;2014)", Earth&#8217;s Future, 4, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015EF000325E. Elhacham and P. Alpert, "Temperature patterns along an arid coastline experiencing extreme and rapid urbanization, case study: Dubai", submitted.

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The Impact of Heat Waves and Urban Heat Island on the Production of Ozone Concentrations Under Present and Future Climate Conditions for the Belgian Domain

Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXV - Springer Proceedings in Complexity ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-57645-9_30 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 189-193

Author(s):

A. W. Delcloo ◽

F. Duchêne ◽

R. Hamdi ◽

J. Berckmans ◽

A. Deckmyn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Heat Island ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Future Climate ◽

Heat Island ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Ozone Concentrations ◽

Urban Heat ◽

The Impact

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Urban Informal Housing and Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity

Environment and Urbanization Asia ◽

10.1177/0975425318783548 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 158-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Surabhi Mehrotra ◽

Ronita Bardhan ◽

Krithi Ramamritham

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Spatial Analysis ◽

Urban Heat Island ◽

Urban Form ◽

Spatial Association ◽

Heat Island ◽

Urban Heat ◽

Surface Urban Heat Island ◽

The Impact ◽

Slum Housing

Urbanization leads to the densification of built-up areas, and thereby increases surface heat island intensity which is one of the growing concerns in the rapidly urbanizing cities. Another notable aspect of cities like Mumbai is the uncontrolled growth of informal slum housing clusters, which have emerged as a significant urban built form in the landscape of cities. This study presents a case of Mumbai that aims to explore the linkages between slum housing—here referred as ‘slum urban form’ (SUF)—and surface urban heat island (SUHI) supported by spatial-statistical analysis. The magnitude of the impact of urban form on SUHI, measured by land surface temperature (LST), is examined using Cohen’s d index, which measures the effect size for two groups—SUF and ‘formal’ housing—on LST. The results confirm a ‘large’ effect indicating a significant difference in mean LST between the two groups. The spatial analysis reveals a statistically significant spatial clustering of LST and SUF ( p-value < 0.05), and bivariate local indicator of spatial association (LISA) confirms that the spatial association of SUF is surrounded by ‘high’ LST (Moran I: 0.49). The exploratory spatial analysis indicates that the contribution of SUF in elevating SUHI intensity is more than the formal housing areas and has increased vulnerability to heat stress. The results were validated on the ground using environmental sensors, which confirms the susceptibility of SUF to heat stress.

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Analysis of the Impact of Land Use on Spatiotemporal Patterns of Surface Urban Heat Island in Rapid Urbanization, a Case Study of Shanghai, China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12031171 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 1171 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hongyu Du ◽

Fengqi Zhou ◽

Chunlan Li ◽

Wenbo Cai ◽

Hong Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Heat Island ◽

Land Surface ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Heat Island ◽

Rapid Urbanization ◽

Urban Heat ◽

Surface Urban Heat Island ◽

The Impact

In the trend of global warming and urbanization, frequent extreme weather influences the life of citizens seriously. Shanghai, as a typical mega-city in China that has been successful in urbanization, suffers seriously from the urban heat island (UHI) effect. The research concentrates on the spatial and temporal pattern of surface UHI and land use. Then, the relation between them are further discussed. The results show that for the last 15 years, the UHI effect of Shanghai has been increasing continuously in both intensity and area. The UHI extends from the city center toward the suburban area. Along with the year, the ratio in area of Agricultural Land (AL), Wetland (WL), and Bare Land (BL) has decreased. On the contrary, Construction Land (CL) and Green Land (GL) have increased. The average land surface temperature (LST) rankings for each research year from high to low were all CL, BL, GL, AL, and WL. CL contributed the most to the UHI effect, while WL and GL contributed the most to mitigate the UHI. The conclusion provides practical advice aimed to mitigate the UHI effect for urban planning authorities.

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The Impact of Building Thermal Anisotropy on Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity Estimation: An Observational Case Study in Beijing

IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters ◽

10.1109/lgrs.2019.2962383 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 2030-2034

Author(s):

Nana Li ◽

Xiaoma Li

Keyword(s):

Urban Heat Island ◽

Urban Heat Island Intensity ◽

Heat Island ◽

Intensity Estimation ◽

Thermal Anisotropy ◽

Urban Heat ◽

Surface Urban Heat Island ◽

The Impact

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Synergistic Interactions between Urban Heat Islands and Heat Waves: The Impact in Cities Is Larger than the Sum of Its Parts

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology ◽

10.1175/jamc-d-13-02.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 52 (9) ◽

pp. 2051-2064 ◽

Cited By ~ 293

Author(s):

Dan Li ◽

Elie Bou-Zeid

Keyword(s):

Urban Heat Island ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Urban Heat Islands ◽

Heat Island ◽

Heat Islands ◽

Urban Heat ◽

The Impact

AbstractCities are well known to be hotter than the rural areas that surround them; this phenomenon is called the urban heat island. Heat waves are excessively hot periods during which the air temperatures of both urban and rural areas increase significantly. However, whether urban and rural temperatures respond in the same way to heat waves remains a critical unanswered question. In this study, a combination of observational and modeling analyses indicates synergies between urban heat islands and heat waves. That is, not only do heat waves increase the ambient temperatures, but they also intensify the difference between urban and rural temperatures. As a result, the added heat stress in cities will be even higher than the sum of the background urban heat island effect and the heat wave effect. Results presented here also attribute this added impact of heat waves on urban areas to the lack of surface moisture in urban areas and the low wind speed associated with heat waves. Given that heat waves are projected to become more frequent and that urban populations are substantially increasing, these findings underline the serious heat-related health risks facing urban residents in the twenty-first century. Adaptation and mitigation strategies will require joint efforts to reinvent the city, allowing for more green spaces and lesser disruption of the natural water cycle.

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Urban Thermal Environment and Heat Island in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam from Remote Sensing Data

10.20944/preprints201701.0129.v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Van Tran Thi ◽

Bao Ha Duong Xuan ◽

Mai Nguyen Thi Tuyet

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Urban Heat Island ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Land Surface ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Ho Chi Minh City ◽

Heat Island ◽

Urban Heat ◽

Surface Urban Heat Island ◽

The Impact

In urban area, one of the great problem is the rise of temperature, which leads to form the urban heat island effect. This paper refers to the trend of the urban surface temperature extracted from the Landsat images from which to consider changes in the formation of surface urban heat island for the north of Ho Chi Minh city in period 1995-2015. Research has identified land surface temperature from thermal infrared band, according to the ability of the surface emission based on characteristics of normalized difference vegetation index NDVI. The results showed that temperature fluctuated over the city with a growing trend and the gradual expansion of the area of the high-temperature zone towards the suburbs. Within 20 years, the trend of the formation of surface urban heat island with two typical locations showed a clear difference between the surface temperature of urban areas and rural areas with space expansion of heat island in 4 times in 2015 compared to 1995. An extreme heat island located in the inner city has an area of approximately 18% compared to the total area of the region. Since then, the solution to reduce the impact of urban heat island has been proposed, in order to protect the urban environment and the lives of residents in Ho Chi Minh City becoming better

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The Impact of landscape composition for urban heat island intensity in Addis Ababa City using Landsat data (1986–2016)

Abstracts of the ICA ◽

10.5194/ica-abs-1-63-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

DMSLB Dissanayake ◽

Takehiro Morimoto ◽

Yuji Murayama ◽

Manjula Ranagalage

Keyword(s):

Urban Heat Island ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Central Point ◽

Heat Island ◽

Multi Temporal ◽

Urban Rural ◽

Urban Heat ◽

Surface Urban Heat Island ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

Abstract. Exploring changes in land use and land cover (LULC) in the city area and its surrounding is important to understand the variation of surface urban heat island (SUHI) and surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII). The SUHII can be calculated based on the local climate zone by using land use and land cover compossition of the city and based on the urban rural zone . The objective of this research is to examine the spatiotemporal changes of LULC and the impact of its composition for the formation of SUHI in Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia based on the urban rural zones. The mean center of the central business district of the Addis Ababa City was considered as the central point of the study area. We represented the 30&thinsp;km&thinsp;&times;&thinsp;30&thinsp;km geographical area as a study area with a 15km radius from the central point. As data sources, multi-temporal satellite data provided by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) were used in respect to the years of 1986, 2001, and 2016. In the methodology, we first completed the classification of LULC by using pixel-oriented method for the three years and the validation of the classification has been made. For the classification five LULC classes were identified such as forest, impervious surface, grass land, bare land and crop land. Afterward, land surface temperature (LST) has been computed for three years respectively. Finally, urban rural gradient zones (URGZs) have been generated as a set of polygons with 210m distance in each zone from the central point of the study area. In order to evaluate the SUHII along the URGZs in respect to the LULC, the following analyses were accomplished: (i) the relationship between mean LST and composition of the LULC was computed, (ii) the SUHII was calculated based on the LST variation of main LULC categories and the temperature difference between URGZs, (iii) multi-temporal and multi-directional SUHII was computed, and (iv) linear regression analyses were used to assess the correlations of the mean LST with composition of LULC. The results of the analyses show that (i) distribution pattern of SUHII has changed over the study period as results of changes in LULC, and (ii) mean LST gradually declines from city centre to outside of the city , then it can be seen increasing trends due to the effect of bare lands in rural area. This pattern can be seen over the three years as the result of multi-directional approach. The methodology presented will be able to apply other cities which are showing similar growth pattern by making necessary calibration, and our finding can be used as a proxy indicator to introduce appropriate landscape and town planning in a sustainable viewpoint in Addis Ababa City.

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The Impact of Climate Change on Urban Thermal Environment Dynamics

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12091159 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 1159

Author(s):

Igor Žiberna ◽

Nataša Pipenbaher ◽

Daša Donša ◽

Sonja Škornik ◽

Mitja Kaligarič ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Urban Heat Island ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Thermal Environment ◽

Urban Systems ◽

Climate Change Scenarios ◽

Heat Island ◽

Urban Heat ◽

Urban Thermal Environment ◽

The Impact

The human population is increasing. The ongoing urbanization process, in conjunction with climate change, is causing larger environmental footprints. Consequently, quality of life in urban systems worldwide is under immense pressure. Here, the seasonal characteristics of Maribor’s urban thermal environment were studied from the perspectives of surface urban heat island (SUHI) and urban heat island (UHI) A remote sensing thermal imagery time series and in-situ measurements (stationary and mobile) were combined with select geospatial predictor variables to model this atmospheric phenomenon in its most intensive season (summer). Finally, CMIP6 climate change scenarios and models were considered, to predict future UHI intensity. Results indicate that Maribor’s UHI intensity maximum shifted from winter to spring and summer. The implemented generalized additive model (GAM) underestimates UHI intensity in some built-up parts of the study area and overestimates UHI intensity in green vegetated areas. However, by the end of the century, UHI magnitude could increase by more than 60% in the southern industrial part of the city. Such studies are of particular concern, in regards to the increasing frequency of heat waves due to climate change, which further increases the (already present) heat stress in cities across the globe.

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