Cadmium and lead interactive effects on oxidative stress and antioxidative responses in rice seedlings

Background: Irrigation with arsenic-contaminated groundwater is leading to high arsenic-laden rice seeds and lower yields. In the present study, the effect of exogenous treatment of eugenol (extracted from Ocimum sanctum L leaf) on hydroponically grown rice seedlings was examined by investigating the antioxidant system under arsenic stress. Methods: In the experiment 7 day old rice seedlings (IR-64) were exposed to 10,50,100 µM of arsenite separately and co-treatment with 10,50,100 µM eugenol in a hydroponic medium for 7 days. The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) in root and shoot tissues were determined separately by standard protocol. Result: Under arsenic treatment oxidative stress was induced by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disruption of antioxidant defense system measured in terms of increased activity of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) in root and shoot tissues separately. Eugenol-treated seedlings along with arsenic exposure substantially decreased the level of arsenic uptake in plants resulting in a substantial reduction in ROS overproduction and MDA content. SOD, CAT, GPX activities perform an influential role in arsenic stress acclimatization and eugenol treated seedlings with arsenic exposures indicated substantial changes in all variables evaluated as compared to arsenic treatment only. This study suggests that oxidative stress caused by arsenic was ameliorated by eugenol.

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Co-adjustment of yolk antioxidants and androgens in birds

Biology Letters ◽

10.1098/rsbl.2016.0676 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 20160676 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mathieu Giraudeau ◽

Simon Ducatez

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Indirect Effects ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Developmental Trajectory ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Phenotypic Traits ◽

Direct And Indirect Effects ◽

Egg Components

Mothers can shape the developmental trajectory of their offspring through the transmission of resources such as hormones, antioxidants or immunoglobulins. Over the last two decades, an abundant literature on maternal effects in birds has shown that several of these compounds (i.e. androgens, glucocorticoids and antioxidants) often influence the same offspring phenotypic traits (i.e. growth, immunity or oxidative stress levels), making interaction effects between egg components a likely scenario. However, the potential interactive effects of maternally transmitted compounds on offspring development and potential co-adjustment of these compounds within an egg are still poorly understood. Here, we report the results of an interspecific comparative analysis on birds' egg yolk composition (i.e. androgens and antioxidants) where we found that yolk carotenoid and vitamin E concentrations are positively associated, supporting the hypothesis that these two antioxidants act in synergy. The concentrations of vitamin E also increased with increasing concentrations of testosterone. This last result confirms the emerging idea that androgens and antioxidants are co-adjusted within eggs and that maternally transmitted antioxidants might limit the potential direct and indirect effects of prenatal exposure to high testosterone levels on oxidative stress.

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Oxidative stress, protein carbonylation, proteolysis and antioxidative defense system as a model for depicting water deficit tolerance in Indica rice seedlings

Plant Growth Regulation ◽

10.1007/s10725-012-9758-3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 69 (2) ◽

pp. 149-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Samantha Pyngrope ◽

Kumari Bhoomika ◽

R. S. Dubey

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Indica Rice ◽

Stress Protein ◽

Protein Carbonylation ◽

Antioxidative Defense ◽

Defense System ◽

Rice Seedlings ◽

Antioxidative Defense System

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Polyhydroxyfullerene Binds Cadmium Ions and Alleviates Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01329-14 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 80 (18) ◽

pp. 5874-5881 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Arunava Pradhan ◽

José Paulo Pinheiro ◽

Sahadevan Seena ◽

Cláudia Pascoal ◽

Fernanda Cássio

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Membrane Disruption ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Extracellular Medium ◽

Cadmium Ions ◽

Ph Dependent

ABSTRACTThe water-soluble polyhydroxyfullerene (PHF) is a functionalized carbon nanomaterial with several industrial and commercial applications. There have been controversial reports on the toxicity and/or antioxidant properties of fullerenes and their derivatives. Conversely, metals have been recognized as toxic mainly due to their ability to induce oxidative stress in living organisms. We investigated the interactive effects of PHF and cadmium ions (Cd) on the model yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeby exposing cells to Cd (≤5 mg liter−1) in the absence or presence of PHF (≤500 mg liter−1) at different pHs (5.8 to 6.8). In the absence of Cd, PHF stimulated yeast growth up to 10.4%. Cd inhibited growth up to 79.7%, induced intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and promoted plasma membrane disruption in a dose- and pH-dependent manner. The negative effects of Cd on growth were attenuated by the presence of PHF, and maximum growth recovery (53.8%) was obtained at the highest PHF concentration and pH. The coexposure to Cd and PHF decreased ROS accumulation up to 36.7% and membrane disruption up to 30.7% in a dose- and pH-dependent manner. Two mechanisms helped to explain the role of PHF in alleviating Cd toxicity to yeasts: PHF decreased Cd-induced oxidative stress and bound significant amounts of Cd in the extracellular medium, reducing its bioavailability to the cells.

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