Nickel-induced oxidative stress and the role of antioxidant defence in rice seedlings

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchi Maheshwari ◽  
R. S. Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Antioxidant Defence

scholarly journals Antioxidants and the Integrity of Ocular Tissues

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela P. Cabrera ◽  
Ricardo H. Chihuailaf
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Ocular Tissues ◽  
Oxygen Derived Free Radicals ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Injury Causes

Oxygen-derived free radicals are normally generated in many pathways. These radicals can interact with various cellular components and induce cell injury. When free radicals exceed the antioxidant capacity, cell injury causes diverse pathologic changes in the organs. The imbalance between the generation of free radicals and antioxidant defence is known as oxidative stress. The eye can suffer the effect of oxidative damage due to the etiopathogenesis of some pathological changes related to oxidative stress. This paper reviews the role of oxidative stress in the onset and progression of damage in different eye structures, the involvement of the antioxidant network in protecting and maintaining the homeostasis of this organ, and the potential assessment methodologies used in research and in some cases in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Role of Anthocleista vogelii in serum antioxidant defence system in cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustine Apiamu ◽  
Samuel Ogheneovo Asagba ◽  
Nyerhovwo J. Tonukari
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Cd Toxicity ◽  
Defence System ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System

Abstract Background Cadmium (Cd) toxicity, which runs across the food chain, is chiefly regulated by in vivo antioxidant defence system or through antioxidant supplementation of biological systems predisposed to this environmental stressor. The present study was designed to examine the role of Anthocleista vogelii leaves in Cd-induced oxidative stress in the serum of Wistar rats through the application of response surface methodology (RSM) and biomonitoring of selective responses: malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and peroxidase (POD) activities, respectively. The cold macerated plant leaves were subjected to fractionation process using methanol-hexane-chloroform (3:2:1 v/v) solvent system such that n-hexane fraction with ample antioxidant levels in terms of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) among others at p <  0.05 was selected for the study. The study employed central composite design (CCD) with twenty experimental “runs” of male Wistar rats for twenty-eight days, following a week of acclimatization, where n-hexane fraction of A. vogelii (NFAV), cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and body weights of rats were considered input factors in the study. Results The study generated five quadratic models, which differed significantly at p <  0.05 for MDA levels as well as CAT, SOD, GST and POD activities in the sera of Wistar rats. The study revealed that exposure to Cd toxicity caused a marked increase (p <  0.05) in serum MDA levels, but a significant inhibition (p <  0.05) of serum SOD, CAT, GST and POD activities. However, Cd interaction with NFAV showed marked amelioration of Cd-induced oxidative stress, which was confirmed by significant decrease in serum MDA levels, but significant increase in serum SOD, CAT, GST and POD activities at p <  0.05 via the response surface plots. The study also confirmed the reliability and adequacy of the models for accurate prediction of the responses since R-squared (R2) values obtained were greater than 90%. Conclusion It was inferred from the present study that the adequacy of the models validated the potency of A. vogelii leaves graphically in the amelioration of Cd-induced oxidative stress in the serum of Wistar rats. Hence, the plant was considered a rich source of bioactive compounds with significant antioxidant properties.

The Role of Oxidative Stress Modulators in Breast Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (33) ◽  
pp. 4084-4101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hande Gurer-Orhan ◽  
Elif Ince ◽  
Dilan Konyar ◽  
Luciano Saso ◽  
Sibel Suzen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Cancer Site ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Impaired Balance ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Latest data from International Agency for Cancer Research shows that breast cancer is the leading cancer site in women and is the leading cause of death among female cancers. Induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress as a consequence of impaired balance between prooxidants and antioxidants are suggested to be involved in induction and progression of breast cancer. Cancer cells are found to exhibit higher levels of ROS compared to normal cells. However increased antioxidant defence which balances the oxidative status within the cancer cells suggests that high ROS levels may prevent tumorigenesis via various mechanisms. These contradictory roles of ROS and oxidative stress in breast cancer let scientists investigate potential oxidative stress modulators as anticancer strategies. Conclusions: In the present review we address the mechanisms of ROS production in breast cancer cells, the role of impaired oxidative status as well as the benefits of introducing oxidative stress modulators in therapeutic strategies in breast cancer. This review is focusing more on melatonin which we have been working on during the last decade. Our data, in accordance with the literature, suggest an important role for melatonin in breast cancer prevention and adjuvant therapy.

Cu,Zn-Superoxide Dismutase Gene Dosage and Cell Resistance to Oxidative Stress: A Review

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Peskin
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Gene Dosage ◽  
Gene Transfection ◽  
Oxygen Toxicity ◽  
Cell Resistance ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Gene

It is well established that superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the irresplaceable enzyme for aerobic lifestyle. Our understanding of its role has made strides recently as the result of gene transfection approach. Available data on consequences of Cu,Zn-SOD gene transfection in cell resistance to oxygen toxicity are reviewed. There are data that increasing only Cu,Zn-SOD can be toxic, and the balance between Cu,Zn-SOD and peroxide-removing enzymes is supposed to be of prime importance in the antioxidant defence. Role of Cu,Zn-SOD deregulation in carcinogenesis is discussed.

scholarly journals Antiviral activity and Antioxidant role of phenolics from Sophora interrupta Bedd in NDV induced oxidative stress in chickens

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherukupalle Bhuvaneswar ◽  
Pappithi Ramesh Babu ◽  
Chintha Venkata Ramaiah ◽  
Gandham Sandeep ◽  
Wudayagiri Rajendra
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Alveolar Cell ◽  
Neuronal Necrosis ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Brain

<p>The present investigation is taken up to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of phenolics isolated from <em>Sophora interrupta </em>Bedd and their antioxidant role in the brain and lungs of chicken during Newcastle disease virus (NDV) induced oxidative stress. The activity levels of selected antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalyse (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) levels were significantly decreased in brain and lung tissues of  NDV infected animals over controls causing oxidative stress. In addition, histopathological alterations disclosed that lungs of NDV infected chicken were affected severely as evidenced by the alterations in alveolar cell morphology, congestion, necrotic and degenerative changes whereas degeneration of Purkinje cells, neuronal necrosis, degeneration in myelin sheath and compression of cells were observed in the brain of NDV infected chickens. These reduced antioxidant defence mechanisms and histopathological abnormalities were restored to normal when chicken were pre-treated with the phenolics isolated from <em>Sophora interrupta </em>Bedd at the dose of 300 mg/Kg Bw/day for one week. Pre-treatment with the phenolics isolated from the above medicinal plant also caused significant reduction in the titre levels of NDV. These results suggest that pre-treatment with the phenolics isolated from <em>Sophora interrupta </em>Bedd exhibited significant antiviral activity and thus the plant extract may be used as a prophylactic treatment for the prevention of NDV infection in chicken.</p>

792: Role of Oxidative Stress in Tumorigenic Potential of Bladder Cancer Cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 214-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cho ◽  
Xiao Fang Ha ◽  
J. Andre Melendez ◽  
Louis J. Giorgi ◽  
Badar M. Mian
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumorigenic Potential ◽  
Bladder Cancer Cells
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