The impact of cardiovascular disease and endodontic outcome: a systematic review of longitudinal studies

BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has produced a significant health burden worldwide, especially in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the impact of underlying cardiovascular comorbidities and acute cardiac injury on in-hospital mortality risk.MethodsPubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched for publications that reported the relationship of underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension and myocardial injury with in-hospital fatal outcomes in patients with COVID-19. The ORs were extracted and pooled. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity.ResultsA total of 10 studies were enrolled in this meta-analysis, including eight studies for CVD, seven for hypertension and eight for acute cardiac injury. The presence of CVD and hypertension was associated with higher odds of in-hospital mortality (unadjusted OR 4.85, 95% CI 3.07 to 7.70; I2=29%; unadjusted OR 3.67, 95% CI 2.31 to 5.83; I2=57%, respectively). Acute cardiac injury was also associated with a higher unadjusted odds of 21.15 (95% CI 10.19 to 43.94; I2=71%).ConclusionCOVID-19 patients with underlying cardiovascular comorbidities, including CVD and hypertension, may face a greater risk of fatal outcomes. Acute cardiac injury may act as a marker of mortality risk. Given the unadjusted results of our meta-analysis, future research are warranted.

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The Impact of Retirement on Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Factors: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies

The Gerontologist ◽

10.1093/geront/gnz062 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 60 (5) ◽

pp. e367-e377 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Baowen Xue ◽

Jenny Head ◽

Anne McMunn

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

United States ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Longitudinal Studies ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

The United States ◽

European Countries ◽

Blood Biomarkers ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background and Objectives People are now spending longer in retirement than ever before and retirement has been found to influence health. This study systematically reviewed the impact of retirement on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors (metabolic risk factors, blood biomarkers, physical activity, smoking, drinking, and diet). Research Design and Methods Longitudinal studies published in Medline, Embase, Social Science Citation Index, PsycINFO, and Social Policy and Practice were searched. No language restrictions were applied if there was an English abstract. Eighty-two longitudinal studies were included after critical appraisals. Results Studies in the United States often found no significant effect of retirement on CVD, while studies in European countries, except France, showed a detrimental effect of retirement on CVD. Results from the United States and several European countries consistently show that retirement increase adiposity measures among those retired from physically demanding jobs. For diabetes and hypertension, five out of nine studies suggest no effect of retirement. Retirement has been repeatedly linked to increasing leisure-time physical activity but may reduce work- and transport-related physical activity in turn. Most studies showed that retirement either decreased smoking or had no effect on smoking. The evidence did not show a clear conclusion on drinking. Only a few studies have assessed the impact on diet and blood biomarkers. Discussion and Implications Effect of retirement varies according to the health outcomes studied and country of the study population. Policy concerning extending the retirement age needs to focus on ensuring they are suited to the individual.

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Traditional And Non-Traditional Risk Factors For Cardiovascular Disease In Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review Of Longitudinal Studies

Value in Health ◽

10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1374 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (7) ◽

pp. A478 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Smith-Palmer ◽

J.P. Bae ◽

K.S. Boye ◽

M. Perez-Nieves ◽

W.J. Valentine

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Longitudinal Studies ◽

Traditional Risk Factors

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The Impact of Protein Supplementation on Appetite and Energy Intake in Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Advances in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/advances/nmaa115 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sana Ben-Harchache ◽

Helen M Roche ◽

Clare A Corish ◽

Katy M Horner

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Longitudinal Studies ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Energy Content ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Protein Supplementation ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT Protein supplementation is an attractive strategy to prevent loss of muscle mass in older adults. However, it could be counterproductive due to adverse effects on appetite. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effects of protein supplementation on appetite and/or energy intake (EI) in healthy older adults. MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched up to June 2020. Acute and longitudinal studies in healthy adults ≥60 y of age that reported effects of protein supplementation (through supplements or whole foods) compared with control and/or preintervention (for longitudinal studies) on appetite ratings, appetite-related peptides, and/or EI were included. Random-effects model meta-analysis was performed on EI, with other outcomes qualitatively reviewed. Twenty-two studies (9 acute, 13 longitudinal) were included, involving 857 participants (331 males, 526 females). In acute studies (n = 8), appetite ratings were suppressed in 7 out of 24 protein arms. For acute studies reporting EI (n = 7, n = 22 protein arms), test meal EI was reduced following protein preload compared with control [mean difference (MD): −164 kJ; 95% CI: −299, −29 kJ; P = 0.02]. However, when energy content of the supplement was accounted for, total EI was greater with protein compared with control (MD: 649 kJ; 95% CI: 438, 861 kJ; P < 0.00001). Longitudinal studies (n = 12 protein arms) showed a higher protein intake (MD: 0.29 g ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ d−1; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.45 g ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ d−1; P < 0.001) and no difference in daily EI between protein and control groups at the end of trials (MD: −54 kJ/d; 95% CI: −300, 193 kJ/d; P = 0.67). While appetite ratings may be suppressed with acute protein supplementation, there is either a positive effect or no effect on total EI in acute and longitudinal studies, respectively. Therefore, protein supplementation may represent an effective solution to increase protein intakes in healthy older adults without compromising EI through appetite suppression. This trial was registered at PROSPERO as https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42019125771 (CRD42019125771).

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The impact of dosing frequency on medication adherence in chronic cardiovascular disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English Edition) ◽

10.1016/j.repce.2014.01.014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 33 (7-8) ◽

pp. 431-437 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Daniel Caldeira ◽

António Vaz-Carneiro ◽

João Costa

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Medication Adherence ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Dosing Frequency ◽

The Impact

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Prevalence of comorbidity in Chinese patients with COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-021-05915-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tingxuan Yin ◽

Yuanjun Li ◽

Ying Ying ◽

Zhijun Luo

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cerebrovascular Disease ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Underlying Diseases ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease characterized by cough, fever, and fatigue and 20% of cases will develop into severe conditions resulting from acute lung injury with the manifestation of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that accounts for more than 50% of mortality. Currently, it has been reported that some comorbidities are linked with an increased rate of severity and mortality among COVID-19 patients. To assess the role of comorbidity in COVID-19 progression, we performed a systematic review with a meta-analysis on the relationship of COVID-19 severity with 8 different underlying diseases. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI were searched for articles investigating the prevalence of comorbidities in severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients. A total of 41 studies comprising 12,526 patients were included. Results Prevalence of some commodities was lower than that in general population such as hypertension (19% vs 23.2%), diabetes (9% vs 10.9%), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (2% vs 9.5%), chronic liver diseases (CLD) (3% vs 24.8%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (3% vs 8.6%), while some others including cancer (1% vs 0.6%), cardiovascular disease (6% vs 1.8%) and cerebrovascular disease (2% vs 0.9%) exhibited greater percentage in COVID-19. Cerebrovascular disease (OR = 3.70, 95%CI 2.51–5.45) was found to be the strongest risk factor in disease exacerbation, followed by CKD (OR = 3.60, 95%CI 2.18–5.94), COPD (OR = 3.14, 95% CI 2.35–4.19), cardiovascular disease (OR = 2.76, 95% CI 2.18–3.49), malignancy (OR = 2.63, 95% CI 1.75–3.95), diabetes (OR = 2.49, 95% CI 2.10–2.96) and hypertension (OR = 2.13, 95% CI 1.81–2.51). We found no correlation between CLD and increased disease severity (OR = 1.32, 95% CI 0.96–1.82). Conclusion The impact of all eight underlying diseases on COVID-19 deterioration seemed to be higher in patients outside Hubei. Based on different comorbidities, COVID-19 patients tend to be at risk of developing poor outcomes to a varying degree. Thus, tailored infection prevention and monitoring and treatment strategies targeting these high-risk subgroups might improve prognosis during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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