Current issues in the scientific cooperation in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 733-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Giovanni Carta
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Cooperation

Breeding study of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) in the Institute of Horticulture, NAAS оf Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
V.V. Moskalets ◽  
◽  
T.Z. Moskalets ◽  
I.V. Grynyk ◽  
O.A. Shevchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
The State ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
State Register ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The authors present the results of the sea buckthorn breeding at the Institute of Horticulture (NAAS). The stages of the work have been analyzed – from studying and selecting the initial material in the conditions of the Polissya, Polissya-Lisosteppe and Lisosteppe ecotopes (2012-2016) to the successful targeted introduction to the Northern part of the Lisosteppe (2017-2019) and new forms have been characterized according to the traits valuable for economy and molec-ular genetic markers. The new forms of the researched crop taking into consideration the high indices of their productiv-ity,adaptivity to the unfavourable abiotic and biotic environmental factors and consumption quality of fruits for pro-cessing and making functionary products were entered officially into Genetic Fund of the Plants of Ukraine as con-firmed by the certificates of copyright and developed genetic passports. The list of these genotypes includes 1-15-1 (Nos-ivchanka, UA3700073), 1-15-8S (Mitsna, UA3700079), make form 1-15-6Ch (Aboryhen 6/11, UA3700080), 1-15-9 Ka-rotynna, UA3700082), 1-15-3 (Pamiatka, UA3700076), 1-15-8V (Soniachne siayvo, UA3700075), 1-15-11 (Lymonna, UA3700072), 2-15-73 (Morkviana, UA3700077), 1-15-5 (Adaptyvna, UA3700078), 1-15-8B (Osoblyva, UA3700083), 1-15-6 (Apelsynova, UA3700084) and forms 6A/11 (UA3700081), 1-15-5a (Sribnolysta 5a, UA3700074). The possibility of using 5 DNA markers to characterize genotypes of sea buckthorn bymeans of the molecular genetic markers was tested and evaluated in the framework of the scientific cooperation with the Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. It should be noted that the most polymorphic markers were HrMS025 and HrMS026. However, the marker HrMS014 was monomorphic, but appeared in all the samples, so it can be used as a reference. The best forms of sea buckthorn Adaptyvna (certificate №190899) and Osoblyva (certificate №190900) were included into the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for dissemination in Ukraine, and the cultivars of the univer-sal use Nadiina (applications №18299010), Oliana (applications №18299009) and Morkviana (applications № 20299001) and cv pollinator Obrii (applications №18299008) undergo the State strain test. The attention is concentrat-ed on the promising directions of the new sea buckthorn genotypes for the prior breeding and genetic investigations at the Institute of Horticulture (NAAS) and its network.

The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe and Other European Fora on Migration

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 580-590
Author(s):  
Jan Niessen
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Prevention Center ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
General Secretary

In the 1970s, during the Cold War era, European and North American states began a dialogue in Helsinki which became known as the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), or the Helsinki process. For Western states the CSCE served as a platform to raise questions related to security in Europe and the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms. Eastern European states considered the CSCE as a means to secure the postwar borders and an opportunity to discuss economic and scientific cooperation. Today, 51 European States, plus the United States of America and Canada, participate in this process. Notwithstanding the many and often intense political tensions between the West and the East during those twenty years, quite a number of conferences, seminars and other meetings were held and a great many agreements were adopted and documents issued, dealing with matters related to CSCE's three main areas of concern: security in Europe; cooperation in the fields of economics, science, technology and environment; the promotion of human rights. In response to the fundamental changes in Europe in the late 1980s, the CSCE was given a new impetus and its operational framework was broadened. CSCE offices were established in Prague (CSCE Secretariat), Vienna (Conflict Prevention Center) and Warsaw (Office of Democratic Institutions and Human Rights) with the aim to strengthen and monitor compliance with CSCE commitments, especially in the area of human rights. A Parliamentary Assembly was established and met twice, first in Budapest and then in Helsinki. A General Secretary and a High Commissioner on Minorities were appointed, with offices in Vienna and The Hague, respectively.

scholarly journals How Does Inter-Organizational Cooperation Impact Organizations’ Scientific Knowledge Generation? Evidence from the Biomass Energy Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Liu Li ◽  
Chaoying Tang
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Degree Centrality ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Technical Cooperation ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Structural Holes ◽  
Cooperation Network ◽  
Positive Effect

Previous studies have demonstrated that accessing external knowledge is important for organizations’ knowledge generation. The main purpose of this study is to investigate how the diversity and amount of organizations’ external scientific knowledge influence their scientific knowledge generation. We also consider the moderating effect of the redundant industrial scientific knowledge and the amount of technical knowledge from external technical cooperators. The social network analysis method is used to establish both ego- and industrial-scientific cooperation network, and ego-technical cooperation network in order to analyze the external scientific knowledge and technical knowledge. The empirical analysis is based on patent and article data of 106 organizations in the biomass energy industry (including firms, universities and research institutes), and the results show that organizations’ structural holes and degree centrality of scientific cooperation network have positive effects on their scientific knowledge generation. In addition, organizations’ degree centrality of technical cooperation network positively moderates the relationship between their degree centrality of scientific cooperation network and scientific knowledge generation. Furthermore, density of industrial scientific cooperation network decreases the positive effect of organizations’ structural holes on their scientific knowledge generation, while it strengthens the positive effect of degree centrality of scientific cooperation network on their scientific knowledge generation. Academic contributions and practical suggestions are discussed.

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL RELATIONS OF UZBEKISTAN WITH EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Burxon B. Jahongirov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Education Department ◽  
World Science ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Department Faculty

In this article, Uzbekistan’s international relations in the field of science have literally developed during the years of independence. The higher educational institutions of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the research institutes and research centers of the Academy of Sciences have estabilishad bilateral and multilateral scientific cooperation with their European partners. The result was a scientific cillabaration that was previousiy impossible for obvious reasons. Research works on topical scientific topics of world science, economic and social significance for our region, in particular, Uzbekistan.Index Terms: science, science and technology, research, research center, Academy of Sciences, higher education, department, faculty, student, grant, international program, cooperation, agreement

BRICS Countries Possible Areas for Scientific Cooperation

2015 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
I. Dezhina
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
A Share

The article evaluates science sectors and effectiveness of scientific research in the countries forming the BRICS group, as well as the current state of scientific and technological cooperation among the group members. The science sectors of the countries under consideration differ markedly, while facing similar problems relating to government regulations and external environments. The differences exist in total expenditures on research and development (as a share of GNP), in the scope of governmental funding (large in Russia and India, but small in China), and in the distribution of allocations among various areas and types of R&D activities. China appears to have the most well-adjusted science sector among the BRICS members. It includes not only strong universities but also high-tech companies that invest actively into research and development. The overall impact (inferred from citation indexes) of fundamental and exploratory research performed in BRICS countries remains low. BRICS's scientists prefer to collaborate with their colleagues from the world-leading countries rather than with their fellows from BRICS. Yet, in contrast to the world trend, in all BRICS countries, except Russia, a share of internationally co-authored publications is now decreasing. BRICS members have more similar interests and priorities in technological development, including infrastructural and large technological projects, than in science. Currently, bilateral cooperation in technology prevails, while the projects involving all members of the group still remain at the stage of preliminary evaluation and discussion. Russia cooperates most closely with China and India, including joint projects in such high-priority directions as new materials, photonics, biomedical, space and information technologies. For Russia, cooperation in technological development appears to be of most interest because it can lead not only to introduction of new technologies but also help to create large Russian innovative companies. Development of successful multilateral cooperation in science and technology among the BRICS members is the key for this group, originally formed for geopolitical reasons, to evolve into an effective economic union.

scholarly journals Preliminary groundwater modelling by considering the interaction with superficial water: Aosta plain case (northern Italy)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tullia Bonomi ◽  
Letizia Fumagalli ◽  
Valeria Benastini ◽  
Marco Rotiroti ◽  
Pietro Capodaglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Hydrogeological Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

The study is developed through scientific cooperation between the University of Milano-Bicocca and the Regional Agency for Environmental Protection (ARPA) of the Valle d’Aosta Region. Its aim is to produce a decision-support tool to help the Public Administration’manage groundwater and public water supply. The study area is the plain of Aosta, between the cities of Aymavilles and Brissogne; in this area groundwater represents the main source of public water supply. The valley is oriented east-west, along the Baltea for a length of 13.1 km and a width of 4.6 km. The textural and hydrogeological properties of the deposits are strictly connected to glacial deposition and to the subsequent sedimentary processes which took place in glacial, lacustrine and fluvial systems. The study is based on available well information in the Aosta plain - including water wells (133) and piezometers (121) - which have been coded and stored in the well database TANGRAM,. The database facilitates interpretation of the well data, and it allows three-dimensional mapping of subsurface hydrogeological characteristics through database codification and ordinary kriging interpolation. The study is designed to achieve two objectives. The first is to provide the Aosta Public Authorities with a well database in order to simplify groundwater management. The second is to provide Public Authorities with a groundwater flow model of the local aquifer. The model integrates surface and subsurface flows in order to fully account for all important stresses, both natural and anthropogenic, on the groundwater system. It provides a tool for testing hypotheses (such as the impact of new wells) and thereby allows science-based management of the aquifer resource.

scholarly journals Smallpox eradication, laboratory visits, and a touch of tourism: travel notes of a Canadian scientist in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Palmer ◽  
Gilberto Hochman ◽  
Danieli Arbex
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Eradication Programme ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
The World ◽  
Eradication Campaign ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
International Scientific Cooperation

The paper presents and discusses the travel notes diary of Canadian scientist Robert J. Wilson when he visited Brazil in April 1967 during the Smallpox Eradication Programme run by the World Health Organisation. Wilson's report makes it possible to reflect on the smallpox eradication campaign in Brazil; on the Canada-Brazil cooperation to improve the quality of the smallpox vaccine; on his assessment by of scientists and Brazilian laboratories; on the effects of intersections between scientific activity and social and cultural activities; on the role played by specialist communities of experts role in international scientific cooperation projects; and on a Canadian traveller's concepts and prejudices about Brazil at the end of the 1960s.

scholarly journals EXPERIENCE WITH THE BRAZILIAN NETWORK FOR STUDIES IN REPRODUCTIVE AND PERINATAL HEALTH: THE POWER OF COLLABORATION IN POSTGRADUATE PROGRAMS

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
José G Cecatti ◽  
Carla Silveira ◽  
Renato T Souza ◽  
Karayna G Fernandes ◽  
Fernanda G Surita
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Collaboration ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Perinatal Health ◽  
Knowledge Dissemination ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
National Network ◽  
The University ◽  
Peer Researchers

The scientific collaboration in networks may be developed among countries, academic institutions and among peer researchers. Once established, they contribute for knowledge dissemination and a strong structure for research in health. Several advantages are attributed to working in networks: the inclusion of a higher number of subjects in the studies; generation of stronger evidence with a higher representativeness of the population (secondary generalization and external validity); higher likelihood of articles derived from these studies to be accepted in high impact journals with a wide coverage; a higher likelihood of obtaining budgets for sponsorship; easier data collection on rare conditions; inclusions of subjects from different ethnic groups and cultures, among others. In Brazil, the Brazilian Network for Studies on Reproductive and Perinatal Health was created in 2008 with the initial purpose of developing a national network of scientific cooperation for the surveillance of severe maternal morbidity. Since the establishment of this Network, five studies were developed, some of them already finished and others almost being completed, and two new ones being implemented. Results of the activities in this Network have been very productive and with a positive impact on not only the Postgraduate Program of Obstetrics and Gynecology from the University of Campinas, its coordinating center, but also on other participating centers. A considerable number of scientific articles was published, master´s dissertations and PhD theses were presented, and post-doctorate programs were performed, including students from several areas of health, from distinct regions and from several institutions of the whole country. This represents a high social impact taking into account the relevance of the studied topics for the country.

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