Hypolipidemic effect of soluble dietary fibers prepared from Asparagus officinalis and their effects on the modulation of intestinal microbiota

Hyperlipidemia is a major component of metabolic syndrome, and regarded as one of the main risk factors causing metabolic diseases. We have developed a therapeutic drug, akebia saponin D (ASD), and determined its anti-hyperlipidemia activity and the potential mechanism(s) of action by analyzing the metabolome and intestinal microbiota. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high fat diet to induce hyperlipidemia, and then given ASD orally for 8 weeks. Lipid levels in serum were determined biochemically. Metabolites in serum, urine and feces were analyzed by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS, and the structure of the intestinal microbiota was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. The ASD treatment significantly decreased the levels of TC, TG and LDL-c and increased the serum level of HDL-c. Metabolomics analysis indicated that the ASD treatment mainly impacted seven differential metabolites in the serum, sixteen differential metabolites in the urine and four differential metabolites in feces compared to the model group. The ASD treatment significantly changed eight bacteria at the genus level compared to the model group. In conclusion, ASD treatment can significantly alleviate HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and the hypolipidemic effect of ASD treatment is certainly associated with a systematic change in the metabolism, as well as dynamic changes in the structure of the intestinal microbiota.

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Prebiotics, Probiotics, Synbiotics, Paraprobiotics and Postbiotic Compounds in IBD

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11121903 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 1903

Author(s):

Adrian Martyniak ◽

Aleksandra Medyńska-Przęczek ◽

Andrzej Wędrychowicz ◽

Szymon Skoczeń ◽

Przemysław J. Tomasik

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Immunological Response ◽

Bacterial Metabolism ◽

Dietary Fibers ◽

Beneficial Bacteria ◽

New Methods ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

The increasing incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and the increasing severity of the course of these diseases create the need for developing new methods of therapy. The gut microbiome is extensively studied as a factor influencing the development and course of IBD. The composition of intestinal microbiota can be relatively easily modified by diet (i.e., prebiotics, mainly dietary fibers) and bacterial supplementation using beneficial bacteria strains called probiotics. Additionally, the effects of the improved microbiome could be enhanced or gained by using paraprobiotics (non-viable, inactivated bacteria or their components) and/or postbiotics (products of bacterial metabolism or equal synthetic products that beneficially modulate immunological response and inflammation). This study summarizes the recent works on prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics (products merging pre- and probiotics), paraprobiotics and postbiotics in IBD.

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Whole Grains, Dietary Fibers and the Human Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review of Existing Literature

Recent Patents on Food Nutrition & Agriculturee ◽

10.2174/2212798411666200316152252 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 235-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hadith Tangestani ◽

Hadi Emamat ◽

Hamid Ghalandari ◽

Sakineh Shab-Bidar

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Whole Grains ◽

Dietary Fibers ◽

Human Gut ◽

Human Gut Microbiota ◽

Population Demographic ◽

The Impact

Background: The health benefits of dietary fibers have been proved for a long time. The importance of microbiota has been identified in human health and there is a growing interest to study the factors affecting it. Objective: This systematic review aimed to investigate the impact of fiber and whole grains (WGs) on human gut microbiota in a patent-based review. Methods: All related clinical trials were systematically searched on PubMed and Scopus search engines from inception up to Feb 2020. Interventional human studies reporting changes in microbiota by using any type of grains/fibers were included. The following information was extracted: date of the publication, location and design of the study, sample size, study population, demographic characteristics, the amount of dietary WGs/fiber, the duration of intervention, the types of grains or fibers, and changes in the composition of the microbiota. Results: Of 138 studies which were verified, 35 studies with an overall population of 1080 participants, met the inclusion criteria and entered the systematic review. The results of interventional trials included in this review suggest some beneficial effects of consuming different amounts and types of WGs and fibers on the composition of intestinal microbiota. Most included studies showed that the intake of WGs and fibers increases bifidobacteria and lactobacilli and reduces the pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and clostridia in the human gut. Conclusion: The consumption of WGs/fibers may modify the intestinal microbiota and promote the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Nevertheless, further research is warranted in different populations and pathological conditions.

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Effects of inclusion of dietary fibers in the composition of the diet in obesity

Obesity and metabolism ◽

10.14341/omet2018235-39 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

Albert А Kurmangulov ◽

Elena F Dorodneva ◽

Irina A Troshina ◽

Yulianna A Petrova ◽

Tatyana I Golubeva

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Body Weight ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Dietary Fibers ◽

Anthropometric Data ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

BACKGROUND. In recent years, clinical work, discovered a correlation between the violations of quantitative and/or qualitative composition of the intestinal microbiota and the development of various dysmetabolic disorders, including obesity. AIMS. To evaluate the effect of the additional inclusion in the diet program of foods with a high content of dietary fibers and microbiotics on anthropometric indicators of obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The dynamic 6-month observation study included 50 people with 2–3 degrees of obesity (BMI≥35 kg/m2) according to WHO criteria, divided depending on the method of exposure (the traditional scheme of rational diet/or additionally enriched diet with fiber) into two comparable groups. Among the methods of the study were allocated anthropometry, the actual nutritional analysis and chromatographic study of short-chain fatty acids in the feces. RESULTS. Analysis of anthropometric data (body weight, BMI, waist circumference) using the Wilcoxon test showed a more pronounced dynamics of basic anthropometric data in the group with additional enrichment diet dietary fiber (p<0.01). The data of chromatographic studies showed more significant changes in the total concentration of short chain fatty acids (p<0.01) and in their profile (p<0.05) in the group with additional enrichment diet dietary fiber. Clinically normalization of symbiotic digestion in the intestine in the group with additional enrichment diet dietary fiber was confirmed by reducing the frequency of presented complaints, for flatulence and flatulence from 38.3% to 13.7% (p<0.05), abdominal discomfort from 63.4% to 25.5% (p<0.05), constipation from 44.5% to 13.8% (p<0.05), rumbling in the abdomen on palpation from 50.4% to 18.8% (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS. Complex effect of dietary fiber within the food products of functional purpose on the processes and symbiotic digestion in the gastrointestinal tract leads to improved clinical and metabolic (normalization of functional activity of the intestinal microbiota) and anthropometric parameters (lower values of body weight, waist circumference), which predetermines the possibility of using dietary fiber in programmes for the treatment and prevention of obesity.

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Effects of inclusion of dietary fibers in the composition of the diet in obesity

Obesity and metabolism ◽

10.14341/omet8785 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 35-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Albert А. Kurmangulov ◽

Elena F. Dorodneva ◽

Irina A. Troshina ◽

Yulianna A. Petrova ◽

Tatyana I. Golubeva

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Body Weight ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Dietary Fibers ◽

Anthropometric Data ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

Background. In recent years, clinical work, discovered a correlation between the violations of quantitative and/or qualitative composition of the intestinal microbiota and the development of various dysmetabolic disorders, including obesity. Aims. To evaluate the effect of the additional inclusion in the diet program of foods with a high content of dietary fibers and microbiotics on anthropometric indicators of obesity. Materials and methods. The dynamic 6-month observation study included 50 people with 23 degrees of obesity (BMI35 kg/m2) according to WHO criteria, divided depending on the method of exposure (the traditional scheme of rational diet/or additionally enriched diet with fiber) into two comparable groups. Among the methods of the study were allocated anthropometry, the actual nutritional analysis and chromatographic study of short-chain fatty acids in the feces. Results. Analysis of anthropometric data (body weight, BMI, waist circumference) using the Wilcoxon test showed a more pronounced dynamics of basic anthropometric data in the group with additional enrichment diet dietary fiber (p0.01). The data of chromatographic studies showed more significant changes in the total concentration of short chain fatty acids (p0.01) and in their profile (p0.05) in the group with additional enrichment diet dietary fiber. Clinically normalization of symbiotic digestion in the intestine in the group with additional enrichment diet dietary fiber was confirmed by reducing the frequency of presented complaints, for flatulence and flatulence from 38.3% to 13.7% (p0.05), abdominal discomfort from 63.4% to 25.5% (p0.05), constipation from 44.5% to 13.8% (p0.05), rumbling in the abdomen on palpation from 50.4% to 18.8% (p0.05). Conclusions. Complex effect of dietary fiber within the food products of functional purpose on the processes and symbiotic digestion in the gastrointestinal tract leads to improved clinical and metabolic (normalization of functional activity of the intestinal microbiota) and anthropometric parameters (lower values of body weight, waist circumference), which predetermines the possibility of using dietary fiber in programmes for the treatment and prevention of obesity.

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