Solar photocatalysis at semi-pilot scale: wastewater decontamination in a packed-bed photocatalytic reactor system with a visible-solar-light-driven photocatalyst

A pilot scale study was conducted using an Air-Fluidized-Bed Biofilm Reactor (AFBBR) system with a Multi Media Filter (MMF). Soluble BOD (S-BOD) concentration in the effluent of the AFBBR had a correlation with total BOD (T-BOD) and Suspended Solids (SS) concentration in the effluent of the MMF. The lower the S-BOD in the effluent of the AFBBR was, the lower was not only T-BOD but also SS in the effluent of the MMF. It was found that as treatment proceeded, S-BOD was removed and the particle size of SS increased in the AFBBR. These results suggested that the mechanism of BOD removal in this system was: S-BOD was removed and a part of the S-BOD was changed to SS and the particle size of the SS increased in the AFBBR, and then the SS was removed by the MMF. Thus not only the T-BOD but also the SS in the effluent of MMF was lower when the S-BOD in the effluent of the AFBBR was lower. When the S-BOD in the effluent of the AFBBR was 8mg/L, T-BOD and the SS in the effluent of the MMF were 10mg/L and 4mg/L, respectively. In order to have an average S-BOD value in the effluent of the AFBBR of about 8mg/L, the T-BOD loading and the S-BOD loading needed to be less than 1.3kg/m3/day and 0.45 kg/m3/day, respectively. Even when the BOD loading was high, nitrification still occurred in this system.

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Performance of a pilot-scale cross-flow rotating packed bed in removing VOCs from waste gas streams

Separation and Purification Technology ◽

10.1016/j.seppur.2006.05.003 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 274-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Chia-Chang Lin ◽

Tzu-Ying Wei ◽

Shu-Kang Hsu ◽

Wen-Tzong Liu

Keyword(s):

Cross Flow ◽

Packed Bed ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Waste Gas ◽

Gas Streams ◽

Rotating Packed Bed ◽

Waste Gas Streams

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Experimental and numerical investigation of a pilot-scale thermal oil packed bed thermal storage system for CSP power plant

Solar Energy ◽

10.1016/j.solener.2014.03.019 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 105 ◽

pp. 116-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

A. Bruch ◽

J.F. Fourmigué ◽

R. Couturier

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Numerical Investigation ◽

Storage System ◽

Thermal Storage ◽

Packed Bed ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Thermal Oil

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Effect of Calcination Temperature on Performance of Photocatalytic Reactor System for Seawater Pretreatment

BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING AND CATALYSIS ◽

10.9767/bcrec.11.2.554.230-237 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 230 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Weerana Eh Kan ◽

Jamil Roslan ◽

Ruzinah Isha

Keyword(s):

Photocatalytic Activity ◽

Calcination Temperature ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

High Energy ◽

Reactor System ◽

Impregnation Method ◽

Seawater Desalination ◽

Photocatalytic Reactor

Conservative desalination technology including distillation requires high energy and cost to operate. Hence, pretreatment process can be done prior to desalination to overcome energy demand and cost reduction. Objective of this research is to study the effect of calcination temperature of hybrid catalyst in photocatalytic reactor system in the seawater desalination, i.e. salt removal in the seawater. The catalyst was synthesized via wet impregnation method with 1:1 weight ratio of TiO2 and activated oil palm fiber ash (Ti:Ash). The catalyst was calcined at different temperature, i.e. 500 oC and 800 oC. The study was carried out in a one liter Borosilicate photoreactor equipped with mercury light of 365 nanometers for two hours with 400 rpm mixing and catalyst to seawater sample weight ratio of 1:400. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity and conductivity of the seawater were analyzed prior and after the testing. The fresh and spent catalysts were characterized via X-Ray Diffractogram (XRD and Nitrogen physisorption analysis. The calcination temperature significantly influenced the adsorption behaviour and photocatalytic activity. However, Ti:Ash which calcined at 800 oC has less photocatalytic activity. It might be because the surface of fiber ash was sintered after calcined at high temperature. The Ti:Ash catalyst that calcined at 500 oC was found to be the most effective catalyst in the desalination of seawater by reducing the salt concentration of more than 9 % compared to Ti:Ash calcined at 800 oC. It can be concluded that catalyst calcination at 500 °C has better character, performance and economically feasible catalyst for seawater desalination. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reservedReceived: 22nd January 2016; Revised: 23rd February 2016; Accepted: 23rd February 2016How to Cite: Kan, W.E., Roslan, J., Isha R. (2016). Effect of Calcination Temperature on Performance of Photocatalytic Reactor System for Seawater Pretreatment. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 11 (2): 230-237 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.2.554.230-237)Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.2.554.230-237

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Supercritical carbon dioxide-based integrated continuous extraction of oil from chicken feather meal, and its conversion to biodiesel in a packed-bed enzymatic reactor, at pilot scale

Fuel ◽

10.1016/j.fuel.2015.02.100 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 153 ◽

pp. 135-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Mariana Gameiro ◽

Pedro Lisboa ◽

Alexandre Paiva ◽

Susana Barreiros ◽

Pedro Simões

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽

Packed Bed ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Chicken Feather ◽

Feather Meal ◽

Continuous Extraction ◽

Chicken Feather Meal ◽

Enzymatic Reactor ◽

Supercritical Carbon

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Degradation of recalcitrant organic contaminants by solar photocatalysis

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2007.397 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (12) ◽

pp. 119-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

L. Mansouri ◽

L. Bousselmi ◽

A. Ghrabi

Keyword(s):

Organic Contaminants ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Biological Degradation ◽

Solar Photocatalysis ◽

Photocatalytic Reactor ◽

Operational Conditions ◽

Toc Removal ◽

The Matrix ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Refractory Organic Pollutants

Biological pre-treated landfill leachates of Djebel Chakir contains some macromolecular organic substances that are resistant to biological degradation. The aim of the present work is to assess the feasibility of removing refractory organic pollutants in biological pre-treated landfill leachate by solar photocatalyse process. Leachate pollutant contents are studied to assess their contribution to leachate pollution and their treatability by solar photocatalyse process. Phenol is chosen as model of pollutants, to evaluate its removal and the efficiency of the photocatalytic system. The experiments were carried out in suspended photocatalytic reactor, using TiO2 Degussa P25, under sunlight illumination (UV-A: 15–31 W/cm2). Under optimum operational conditions, applied to single reactant (phenol), the system presents a TOC removal of 90% (the degradation follows a first-order kinetic). Based on the TOC removal, the results shows that the degradation of biological pre-treated leachate follows a zero-order kinetic. After 5 h of sunlight exposure, 74% of COT is removed. The TOC removal is the best without any correction of the pH and at the TiO2 concentration of 2.5 g/L. The photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants as well as the formation and disappearance of the by-products were followed by GC/MS. The solar photocatalysis processes induce several modifications of the matrix leading to more biodegradable forms: all the remaining and new compounds generated after the biological pre-treatment of leachate are degraded and other types of organics appear, mainly carboxylic acid, aliphatic hydrocarbons and phtalic acids.

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