Conversion of a single-cylinder internal combustion engine to dual-mode homogeneous charge compression ignition engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Lalwani ◽  
Swapnil Awate ◽  
Arindrajit Chowdhury ◽  
Sheshadri Sreedhara
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Homogeneous Charge

The Compression-Ignition Engine and Its Applicability to British Railway Traction

1933 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. R. Fell
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Electric Locomotive ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Railway Traction

The author considers that, while the internal combustion engine is not universally applicable to British railway traction, there is a wide field which can be more economically covered by the oil engine than by other means. Electric transmission is, in spite of high first cost, the most readily adaptable for use in conjunction with the oil engine, and possesses a balance of advantages over all other known systems. The oil-electric locomotive offers a long list of important advantages for railway operation not possessed by other systems. These advantages are, however, offset by high first cost for powers of 1,000 b.h.p. and over. A comparison is drawn between the first cost of steam and oil-electric locomotives for the various duties called for in the service of a British railway. This shows that, while the first cost of the oil-electric main line express passenger locomotive is three times that of the existing steam locomotive, the first costs of branch passenger, medium goods, and shunting steam and oil-electric engines are comparable. This is owing to the cost per brake horse-power required diminishing with increase of size in the case of the steam locomotive, whereas it remains constant in the case of the oil-electric. Owing to the high rate of acceleration necessary the use of the oil-electric system is considered unsuitable as a substitute for dependent electrification of suburban lines. The railway oil engine is a specialized requirement. It must be of the high-speed type running at speeds of up to 1,500 r.p.m., in order to reduce first cost and for other reasons. Details are given of various types of British compression-ignition engines which are considered suitable for British railway work. The author deduces that an engine of twelve-cylinder “V” type and an engine with six cylinders in line, both incorporating the same design and size of cylinder, would fill all the requirements which can be economically met by the oil engine on a British railway. He selects the single sleeve-valve engine design as having the greatest balance of advantages in its favour for railway purposes. Attention is drawn to the importance of simplifying the installation of the compression-ignition engine and various suggestions are put forward to this end. In conclusion the author stresses the importance of the railway companies giving a lead to the internal combustion engine industry as to the railway requirements in size and type of engine, and states that it is the purpose of his paper to assist those concerned in arriving at this immediately important decision.

The effect of fuel composition and additive packages on deposit properties and homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1631-1646
Author(s):  
Joshua Lacey ◽  
Karthik Kameshwaran ◽  
Zoran Filipi ◽  
Peter Fuentes-Afflick ◽  
William Cannella
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Fuel Composition ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Compression Ignition Combustion ◽  
Deposit Layer ◽  
Combustion Chamber Deposit ◽  
Homogeneous Charge

Homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion is highly dependent on in-cylinder thermal conditions that are favorable to auto-ignition, and the presence of deposits can dramatically impact the in-cylinder environment. Because fuels available at the pump can differ considerably in composition, and fuel composition and the included additive package directly affect how deposits accumulate in a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine, strategies intended to bring homogeneous charge compression ignition to market must account for this fuel and additive variability. In order to investigate this impact, two oxygenated refinery stream test fuels with two different additives were run in a single cylinder homogeneous charge compression ignition engine. The two fuels had varying chemical composition; one represents a “dirty” fuel with high aromatic content that was intended to simulate a worst-case scenario for deposit growth, while the other represents a California Reformulated Gasoline Blendstock for Oxygenate Blending fuel, which is the primary constituent of pump gasoline at fueling stations across the state of California. The additive packages are typical of technologies that are commercially available to treat engine deposits. Both fuels were run in an experimental, single-cylinder homogeneous charge compression ignition engine in a passive conditioning study, during which the engine was run at steady state over a period of time in order to track changes in the homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion event as deposits accumulated in-cylinder. Both the composition and the additive influenced the structure of the combustion chamber deposit layer, but more importantly, both the rate at which the layer developed and the equilibrium thickness it achieved. The overall thickness of the combustion chamber deposit layer was found to have a significant impact on homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion phasing.

scholarly journals Support vector machine based emissions modeling using particle swarm optimization for homogeneous charge compression ignition engine

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110555
Author(s):  
David Gordon ◽  
Armin Norouzi ◽  
Gero Blomeyer ◽  
Julian Bedei ◽  
Masoud Aliramezani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Feature Selection ◽  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Homogeneous Charge

The internal combustion engine faces increasing societal and governmental pressure to improve both efficiency and engine out emissions. Currently, research has moved from traditional combustion methods to new highly efficient combustion strategies such as Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI). However, predicting the exact value of engine out emissions using conventional physics-based or data-driven models is still a challenge for engine researchers due to the complexity the of combustion and emission formation. Research has focused on using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for this problem but ANN’s require large training datasets for acceptable accuracy. This work addresses this problem by presenting the development of a simple model for predicting the steady-state emissions of a single cylinder HCCI engine which is created using an metaheuristic optimization based Support Vector Machine (SVM). The selection of input variables to the SVM model is explored using five different feature sets, considering up to seven engine inputs. The best results are achieved with a model combining linear and squared inputs as well as cross correlations and their squares totaling 26 features. In this case the model fit represented by R2 values were between 0.72 and 0.95. The best model fits were achieved for CO and CO2, while HC and NOx models have reduced model performance. Linear and non-linear SVM models were then compared to an ANN model. This comparison showed that SVM based models were more robust to changes in feature selection and better able to avoid local minimums compared to the ANN models leading to a more consistent model prediction when limited training data is available. The proposed machine learning based HCCI emission models and the feature selection approach provide insight into optimizing the model accuracy while minimizing the computational costs.

scholarly journals Improving the Thermal Efficiency of the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine by Using Various Combustion Patterns

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuh-Yih Wu ◽  
James H. Wang ◽  
Faizan Mushtaq Mir
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Cycle Simulation ◽  
Homogeneous Charge ◽  
Wiebe Function

The efficiency of an internal combustion engine (ICE) is essential for automobiles and motorcycles. Several studies have demonstrated that the homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is a promising technology for realizing engines with high efficiency and low emissions. This study investigated the combustion characteristics of the HCCI using a 125 cc motorcycle engine with n-heptane fuel. The engine performance, combustion characteristics, and thermal efficiency were analyzed from experimental data. The results revealed that a leaner air–fuel mixture led to higher engine efficiency and output. The improvement of engine output is contradictory to the general trend. Energy balance analysis revealed that lower heat loss, due to the low cylinder gas temperature of lean combustion, contributed to higher efficiency. A double-Wiebe function provided excellent simulation of the mass fraction burned (MFB) of the HCCI. Air cycle simulation with the MFB, provided by the double-Wiebe function, was executed to investigate this phenomenon. The results indicated that a better combustion pattern led to higher thermal efficiency, and thus the engine output and thermal efficiency do not require a fast combustion rate in an HCCI engine. A better combustion pattern can be achieved by adjusting air–fuel ratio (AFR) and the rates of dual fuel and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR).

scholarly journals Introduction of HCCI for Hydrogen Fuel Engines

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Chuanhao Zhao ◽  
Yang Luo
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Hcci Combustion

This paper is a brief review of the homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) model for hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines based on an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen internal combustion engines and HCCI combustion. It found that HCCI can be realized in a hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine, meanwhile the HCCI can effectively reduce the emission of hydrogen internal combustion engine.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document