Age-Associated Role of Lingual and Pharyngeal Glands in Local Immunity in Oral Cavity

2020 ◽  
Vol 169 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-377
Author(s):  
A. V. Olsufieva ◽  
I. V. Bodrova ◽  
K. A. Vasyanina ◽  
A. D. Vovkogon ◽  
S. S. Olsufiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Local Immunity

scholarly journals LEVELS OF SENSITIZATION TO ALLERGENS OF FUNGAL ETIOLOGY AND THE ROLE OF LOCAL IMMUNITY IN DISEASES OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE ORAL CAVITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Анна Герасимова ◽  
Anna Gerasimova ◽  
Миляуша Кабирова ◽  
Milyausha Kabirova ◽  
Лариса Герасимова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Local Immunity

Role of antimicrobial peptides system in inflammatory periodontal diseases non-specific oral cavity protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 422-427
Author(s):  
N. V. Davidovich ◽  
N. V. Solovieva ◽  
A. S. Galieva ◽  
S. Yu. Lepeshkin ◽  
E. N. Bashilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Microbial Invasion

The system of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) is one of the most ancient mechanisms of the macroorganism resistance to infectious pathogens invasion. The aim of the study was to determine the role of the antimicrobial peptides system and periodontal pathogenic markers in the development and progression of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Gingival pocket washes (91 samples in total) for the research were received from patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases (chronic periodontitis and gingivitis) and intact periodontium. Using ELISA, the content of antimicrobial peptides was determined: human alpha-defensin (HNP 1-3), beta-defensin (HBD 1-3) and cathelicidin (LL-37). Periodontal pathogenic markers were isolated during RT-PCR. The study revealed differences in AMP concentrations by groups: level of HBD 2 in patients with chronic periodontitis was 1,36 times higher than those in the group of patients with chronic gingivitis (p=0,023) and 2,39 times higher than those in the control group (p<0,001), the content of HNP 1-3 in the group of patients with chronic periodontitis was reduced by 1,23 times compared with the indicators of the group of patients with gingivitis (p=0,045) and by 1,97 times compared with the indicators of the control group (p<0,001). The frequency of detection of periodontal pathogenic bacteria genes was 88,0% in patients with periodontitis, 76,92% in patients with gingivitis and 33,3% in the group with intact periodontium. HBD 2 content moderately correlated with the definition of P. gingivalis (r=0,612; p=0,022), T. forsythensis (r= 0,434; p=0,015), A. actinomycetemcomitans (r=0,483; p=0,006), a moderate negative correlation was detected between the content of HNP 1-3 and the release of periodontal pathogens in associations (P. gingivalis with T. forsythensis and T. denticola) (r=-0,388; p=0,031) in the group of patients with chronic periodontitis. Thus, the revealed relationships and correlations indicate shifts in the processes of reparative regeneration of the oral cavity and the regulation of local immunity in response to microbial invasion.

scholarly journals Justification of the diagnostic algorithm in determining the indications for pathogenetic therapy of dental caries

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-227
Author(s):  
V V Gilyazeva ◽  
I I Giniyatullin ◽  
L D Muratova
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Physical Status ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Pathogenetic Therapy

Aim. To justify the importance of the diagnostic algorithm in the management of patients with dental caries. Methods. Summarized were authors’ personal and literature data on the factors and conditions of realization of a cariogenic situation, on the predictors of dental caries, as well as on the role of the diagnostic measures. Stressed was the significance of the physical status of the parents and of the normal course of pregnancy for optimal formation of organs and tissues of a child’s oral cavity, which predetermines the healthy dental status of the adult. Results. Presented was the diagnostic algorithm for dental caries, with an emphasis on the importance of assessing the state of local immunity of the oral mucosa, the need for obtaining primary anamnestic information. Outlined were the signs of salivary disorders that contribute to the formation of a cariogenic situation. The items presented in this article may serve as a basis for construction of a diagnostic algorithm for the management of patients with dental caries with the aim of for subsequent planning and implementation of effective pathogenetic therapy of the disease. Conclusion. The correctly selected diagnostic algorithm in the management of patients with dental caries allows the dentist to obtain objective information about the features of the emergence and development of the disease and to define the indications for pathogenetic therapy.

Transoral Resection of Cancer of the Oral Cavity: The Role of the CO2 Laser

1979 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stuart Strong ◽  
Charles W. Vaughan ◽  
Geza J. Jako ◽  
Thomas Polanyi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Transoral Resection

The role of compulsory periodical medical examination in employee’s dental health maintenance

2020 ◽  
pp. 678-678
Author(s):  
E. Y. Leontyeva ◽  
T. Y. Bykovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Health Maintenance

The analysis of the appealability for the rehabilitation of the oral cavity of staff subject to mandatory periodic examinations at the dentist. The growth of indicators characterizing the dental activity of employees was noted. Subject to the principle of continuity, annual mandatory periodic examinations can be one of the factors in maintaining the dental health of employees.

The role of probiotics in correction of microbiocenosis and cytokine balance of the oral cavity of patient with chronic inflammatory disease of periodont

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
E. S. Ovcharenko ◽  
V. V. Erichev ◽  
S. I. Risovannij ◽  
T. V. Aksenova ◽  
S. V. Melekhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Before And After

Relevance. A long-term inflammation in the oral cavity, unreasonable treatment of periodontal patients with antibiotics cause imbalance between certain types of fungal-bacterial associations accompanied by oral dysbiosis and change of local immune status. So, development and application of new comprehensive diagnosis and treatment techniques in periodontal patients, use of products for correction of microbiota and local immunity are a current and a long-term task. Purpose is to optimize the comprehensive treatment protocol of inflammatory periodontal diseases by introducing probiotics and evaluation of oral microbiome and cytokine profile.Materials and methods. 140 patients were examined. Of these 60 patients had chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and 60 patients suffered from moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. Bacterial and fungal microbiome was assessed and the host immune response was evaluated in all patients before and after the treatment. Half of the patients were treated conventionally and the other half were treated according to a modified scheme: probiotic “Bifidumbacterin Forte” was added.Results. A large number of yeast-like fungi Candida and commensal bacteria were detected in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. That correlates with a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL—8), decrease of concentration of INF-γ and increase of antiinflammatory cytokine IL-4.Conclusion. Changes in clinical, microbiological and immunological values during a modified combination therapy with a probiotic and during a conventional treatment demonstrated that effectiveness of treatment of chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis increased by 40% and 37% respectively.

Importance of Oral Health in Pregnancy: A Mini-symposium

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-158
Author(s):  
Aditi Priyamvara ◽  
Amit K. Dey ◽  
Antara Bagchi ◽  
Raveena Kelkar ◽  
Rajaram Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
The Body ◽  
Systemic Impact ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: It is known that hormonal imbalances during pregnancy make women more susceptible to dental problems. High levels of progesterone and estrogen during pregnancy, lead to an increased inflammatory response to dental plaque thus causing predisposing to gum diseases such as gingivitis. If untreated, gingivitis leads to chronic periodontitis which may manifest systemically in form of cardiovascular, endocrine or even respiratory disorders. Also, hyperacidity in the oral cavity due to gastric reflux and vomiting leads to decreased pH thus damaging the tooth enamel making the oral cavity more prone to tooth decay and tooth loss. Studies also show that periodontal disease can also lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as pre-term and low birth weight babies. Objectives: We sought to understand the role of oral health in pregnancy. Methods: We identified major articles of interest in the field of oral health in pregnancy and drafted a mini-symposium based on relevant information. Conclusion: Regular dental visits and cognizant efforts to sustain a healthy oral environment can help women in the prevention and treatment of dental issues during pregnancy. The paper highlights the common oral manifestations during pregnancy and their local and systemic impact on the body during pregnancy. Furthermore, it also emphasizes the importance of good oral health practices to counteract the oral complications and the significance of oral health awareness in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Emerging Role of Phospholipase-Derived Cleavage Products in Regulating Eosinophil Activity: Focus on Lysophospholipids, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4356
Author(s):  
Eva Knuplez ◽  
Eva Maria Sturm ◽  
Gunther Marsche
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Lipid Mediators ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Phenotype

Eosinophils are important effector cells involved in allergic inflammation. When stimulated, eosinophils release a variety of mediators initiating, propagating, and maintaining local inflammation. Both, the activity and concentration of secreted and cytosolic phospholipases (PLAs) are increased in allergic inflammation, promoting the cleavage of phospholipids and thus the production of reactive lipid mediators. Eosinophils express high levels of secreted phospholipase A2 compared to other leukocytes, indicating their direct involvement in the production of lipid mediators during allergic inflammation. On the other side, eosinophils have also been recognized as crucial mediators with regulatory and homeostatic roles in local immunity and repair. Thus, targeting the complex network of lipid mediators offer a unique opportunity to target the over-activation and ‘pro-inflammatory’ phenotype of eosinophils without compromising the survival and functions of tissue-resident and homeostatic eosinophils. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the critical role of phospholipase-derived lipid mediators in modulating eosinophil activity in health and disease. We focus on lysophospholipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and eicosanoids with exciting new perspectives for future drug development.

scholarly journals Oral–Gut Microbiome Axis in Gastrointestinal Disease and Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2124
Author(s):  
Se-Young Park ◽  
Byeong-Oh Hwang ◽  
Mihwa Lim ◽  
Seung-Ho Ok ◽  
Sun-Kyoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Interaction ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Microbial Ecosystem ◽  
Precise Diagnosis

It is well-known that microbiota dysbiosis is closely associated with numerous diseases in the human body. The oral cavity and gut are the two largest microbial habitats, playing a major role in microbiome-associated diseases. Even though the oral cavity and gut are continuous regions connected through the gastrointestinal tract, the oral and gut microbiome profiles are well-segregated due to the oral–gut barrier. However, the oral microbiota can translocate to the intestinal mucosa in conditions of the oral–gut barrier dysfunction. Inversely, the gut-to-oral microbial transmission occurs as well in inter- and intrapersonal manners. Recently, it has been reported that oral and gut microbiomes interdependently regulate physiological functions and pathological processes. Oral-to-gut and gut-to-oral microbial transmissions can shape and/or reshape the microbial ecosystem in both habitats, eventually modulating pathogenesis of disease. However, the oral–gut microbial interaction in pathogenesis has been underappreciated to date. Here, we will highlight the oral–gut microbiome crosstalk and its implications in the pathogenesis of the gastrointestinal disease and cancer. Better understanding the role of the oral–gut microbiome axis in pathogenesis will be advantageous for precise diagnosis/prognosis and effective treatment.

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