Psychiatric Resilience and Alcohol Resistance: A Twin Study of Genetic Correlation and Sex Differences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Sheerin ◽  
Daniel Bustamante ◽  
Kaitlin E. Bountress ◽  
Shannon E. Cusack ◽  
Steven H. Aggen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Alcohol Resistance

scholarly journals Sex Differences Along the Autism Continuum: A Twin Study of Brain Structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1342-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Élodie Cauvet ◽  
Annelies van’t Westeinde ◽  
Roberto Toro ◽  
Ralf Kuja-Halkola ◽  
Janina Neufeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Twin Study

Genetic and Environmental Variation of Ridge-Counts on Fingers, Palms, Soles and Toes: A Twin Study

1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Jantz ◽  
H. Brehme ◽  
K. Bender
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Environmental Variation ◽  
Covariance Matrices ◽  
Twin Data ◽  
Correlation Matrices ◽  
Reciprocal Interaction ◽  
Genetic Components

AbstractA multivariate procedure for estimating heritable components from twin data was applied to ridge counts obtained from the entire dermatoglyphic system. Covariance matrices of MZ and DZ within-pair differences were used to estimate genetic correlation matrices for 20 finger ridge counts, 6 palmar interdigital counts, 20 toe counts, 4 hallucal counts, and 6 sole interdigital counts. The proportion of genetic variation was found to be greater in ridge counts of patterns than in ridge counts of interdigital areas. On digits, finger counts are more highly heritable than toe counts. Each of the dermatoglyphic areas yielded several independent genetic components, ranging from general to specific. Environmental variation was found to be local and to frequently involve reciprocal interaction between twin pairs.

A Population Based Twin Study of Sex Differences in Depressive Symptoms

Twin Research ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpana Agrawal ◽  
Kristen C. Jacobson ◽  
Charles O. Gardner ◽  
Carol A. Prescott ◽  
Kenneth S. Kendler
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Population Based

Relationships Between State and Trait Anxiety Inventory and Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test Scores Among Korean Twins and Families: The Healthy Twin Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joohon Sung ◽  
Kayoung Lee ◽  
Yun-Mi Song ◽  
Ji-Hae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Trait Score ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Audit Score ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Score

We explored heritabilities of the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and associations including genetic and environmental correlations between the phenotypes among Korean twins and their families. We analyzed the data of 1,748 participants (835 men, 913 women, 656 individuals of monozygotic twins, 173 individuals of same-sexed dizygotic twins, 919 non-twin family members, age 30–79 years) from the Healthy Twin study. Heritabilities and bivariate analyses were assessed using the SOLAR package software. In the methods of generalized estimation equations, women in the 4th quartile of state and trait scores were 17% and 15%, respectively more likely to be hazardous alcohol users compared to women in the lower three quartiles (P< .05). However, there were no significant associations between these phenotypes in men. After adjusting for age and squared age, the heritability estimates were 0.26 in men and 0.34 in women for the state score; for the trait score, 0.35 in men and 0.31 in women; for the AUDIT score, 0.32 in men and 0.37 in women (P< .001). After adjusting for age and squared age, there was a significant genetic correlation between the trait score and the AUDIT score, and a significant non-genetic correlation between the state score and the AUDIT score in women, while there were no significant genetic or non-genetic correlations between these phenotypes in men. The STAI and AUDIT scores are heritable in Koreans and the relationships between these phenotypes may be inconsistent by sex.

A Twin Study of Sex Differences in Self-Control

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Boisvert ◽  
John Paul Wright ◽  
Valerie Knopik ◽  
Jamie Vaske
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Self Control

scholarly journals Theorizing Sex Differences in Political Knowledge: Insights from a Twin Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 89-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Hannagan ◽  
Levente Littvay ◽  
Sebastian Adrian Popa
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Political Knowledge

scholarly journals A Twin Study of Sex Differences in Genetic Risk for All Dementia, Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), and Non-AD Dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Beam ◽  
Cody Kaneshiro ◽  
Jung Yun Jang ◽  
Chandra A. Reynolds ◽  
Nancy L. Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Genetic Risk

scholarly journals Sex differences in magical ideation: A community-based twin study.

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole R. Karcher ◽  
Wendy S. Slutske ◽  
John G. Kerns ◽  
Thomas M. Piasecki ◽  
Nicholas G. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Magical Ideation

scholarly journals Similar Genetic Architecture of Alzheimer’s Disease and Differential APOE Effect Between Sexes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
Min-Tzu Lo ◽  
Sara Brin Rosenthal ◽  
Carolina Makowski ◽  
Ole A. Andreassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Significant Locus ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Or Gene

Sex differences have been observed in the clinical manifestations of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and elucidating their genetic basis is an active research topic. Based on autosomal genotype data of 7,216 men and 10,680 women, including 8,136 AD cases and 9,760 controls, we explored sex-related genetic heterogeneity in AD by investigating SNP heritability, genetic correlation, as well as SNP- and gene-based genome-wide analyses. We found similar SNP heritability (men: 19.5%; women: 21.5%) and high genetic correlation (Rg = 0.96) between the sexes. The heritability of APOE ε4-related risks for AD, after accounting for effects of all SNPs excluding chromosome 19, was nominally, but not significantly, higher in women (10.6%) than men (9.7%). In age-stratified analyses, ε3/ε4 was associated with a higher risk of AD among women than men aged 65–75 years, but not in the full sample. Apart from APOE, no new significant locus was identified in sex-stratified gene-based analyses. Our result of the high genetic correlation indicates overall similar genetic architecture of AD in both sexes at the genome-wide averaged level. Our study suggests that clinically observed sex differences may arise from sex-specific variants with small effects or more complicated mechanisms involving epigenetic alterations, sex chromosomes, or gene-environment interactions.

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