Biological control of tomato gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea by using Streptomyces spp.

BioControl ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 793-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawai Boukaew ◽  
Poonsuk Prasertsan ◽  
Claire Troulet ◽  
Marc Bardin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Streptomyces Spp

scholarly journals SELEÇÃO IN VITRO DE FUNGOS ENDOFÍTICOS PARA O CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO DE Botrytis cinerea EM Eucalyptus benthamii

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Sbravatti Junior ◽  
Celso Garcia Auer ◽  
Ida Chapaval Pimentel ◽  
Álvaro Figueredo dos Santos ◽  
Bruno Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Forest Nurseries ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Foliar Pathogens

   O Eucalyptus benthamii é uma das principais espécies de eucalipto plantadas na região Sul do Brasil, por sua resistência a geadas e por seu uso na produção florestal de madeira para fins energéticos. Na produção de mudas, uma das principais doenças ocorrentes em viveiros é o mofo-cinzento, causado pelo fungo Botrytis cinerea. Uma das alternativas para o controle dessa doença é o controle biológico com fungos endofíticos, os quais podem competir com os patógenos foliares de mudas de eucalipto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar os fungos endofíticos provenientes de mudas de E. benthamii, identificá-los e selecioná-los para o controle de B. cinerea. Eles foram isolados do interior de tecidos vegetais desinfectados, identificados de acordo com critérios macro e micromorfológicos e classificados a partir de testes de controle biológico in vitro. Os resultados evidenciaram o potencial antagonista dos fungos Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp. e Trichoderma sp. Nenhum desses fungos causou lesões em mudas de E. benthamii.Palavras-chave: Mofo-cinzento; eucalipto; viveiro.AbstractIn vitro selection of endophytes for biological control of Botrytis cinerea in Eucalyptus benthamii. Eucalyptus benthamii is one of the main eucalypt species planted in Southern Brazil, due to its resistance to frost and its use in the production of forest wood for energy purposes. During the production of seedlings, the main disease occurring in forest nurseries is gray-mold caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea. One alternative for control this disease is biological control with fungal endophytes, which can compete with the foliar pathogens of eucalypt seedlings. The objective of this study was to isolate endophytic fungi from seedlings of Eucalyptus benthamii, identify and select them for B. cinerea control. These were isolated from the interior of disinfected plant tissues, identified according to macro and micromorphological criteria, and based on tests of biological control in vitro. The results revealed the potential antagonist of Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp. and Trichoderma sp. No fungi caused lesions in E. benthamii seedlings.Keywords: Gray-mold; eucalypt; nursery.    

scholarly journals Postharvest Biological Control of Botrytis cinerea on Kiwifruit by Volatiles of [Isabella] Grapes

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (12) ◽  
pp. 1280-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni K. Kulakiotu ◽  
Constantine C. Thanassoulopoulos ◽  
Evangelos M. Sfakiotakis
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Vitis Labrusca ◽  
In Vivo Experiments

The potential of volatile substances emitted by ‘Isabella’ grapes (Vitis labrusca) to control gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) on ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) was studied. The closed Mariotte system was used as a bioassay method to analyze quantitatively the biological action of these volatiles on B. cinerea growth. In vivo experiments compared the effects of volatiles from ‘Isabella’ grapes versus volatiles from ‘Roditis’ grapes (V. vinifera) and a B. cinerea control on the growth and disease development of B. cinerea on kiwifruit. The effect of the volatiles on the growth of B. cinerea was tested at various temperatures and times of inoculation after the wounding of kiwifruit, as well as using various weights and developmental stages of the grapes. The ‘Isabella’ volatiles limited the incidence of infection by reducing both the inoculum density and the activity of the pathogen. The weight and developmental stage of the grapes were important in the degree of inhibitory action of the ‘Isabella’ volatiles. The inhibitory action was more pronounced at 21°C irrespective of the inoculation time after wounding. The study shows the potential for successful biological control of B. cinerea on kiwifruit by volatiles from ‘Isabella’ grapes.

scholarly journals Biological control of Gray Mold Rot of Perilla Caused by Botrytis cinerea II. Formulation of Antagonistic Bacteria and Its Control Effect

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung-Ju Moon ◽  
Choul-Soung Kim ◽  
Ju-Hee Song ◽  
Ju-Hee Kim ◽  
Jae-Pil Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Gray Mold Rot

scholarly journals Key factors to inoculate Botrytis cinerea in tomato plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álefe Vitorino Borges ◽  
Rodrigo Moreira Saraiva ◽  
Luiz Antonio Maffia
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Moist Chamber ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Positive Correlation

Studies addressing the biological control of Botrytis cinerea have been unsuccessful because of fails in inoculating tomato plants with the pathogen. With the aim of establishing a methodology for inoculation into stems, experiments were designed to assess: i. the aggressiveness of pathogen isolates; ii. the age at which tomato plants should be inoculated; iii. the susceptibility of tissues at different stem heights; iv. the need for a moist chamber after inoculation; and v. the effectiveness of gelatin regarding inoculum adhesion. Infection with an isolate from tomato plants that was previously inoculated into petioles and then re-isolated was successful. An isolate from strawberry plants was also aggressive, although less than that from tomato plants. Tomato plants close to flowering, at 65 days after sowing, and younger, middle and apical stem portions were more susceptible. There was positive correlation between lesion length and sporulation and between lesion length and broken stems. Lesion length and the percentage of sporulation sites were reduced by using a moist chamber and were not affected by adding gelatin to the inoculum suspension. This methodology has been adopted in studies of B. cinerea in tomato plants showing reproducible results. The obtained results may assist researchers who study the gray mold.

Evaluation of formulations of Bacillus licheniformis for the biological control of tomato gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Pil Lee ◽  
Seon-Woo Lee ◽  
Choul Sung Kim ◽  
Ji Hee Son ◽  
Ju Hee Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Gray Mold

scholarly journals Antagonistic Effects of Bacillus cereus Strain B-02 on Morphology, Ultrastructure and Cytophysiology of Botrytis cinerea

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
FENG-XIA LI ◽  
HUI-QUAN MA ◽  
JING LIU ◽  
CHAO ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Electronic Density ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Ultrastructural Alterations ◽  
The Difference

The study on antagonistic mechanism of biocontrol strains gives the premise and basis for efficient and stable biological control. This study aimes to overcome of biocontrol agent in aspects of complicated and diversified mode of action, short-lasting and unstable efficacy in the production processes. This study elucidated the antagonistic mechanism of Bacillus cereus strain B-02 on Botrytis cinerea by detecting changes in morphology, ultrastructure and physiology in affected hyphae of Botrytis cinerea. Which provided certain theoretical and practical significance for biological control of gray mould caused by B. cinerea. B. cereus strain B-02 isolated from tomato rhizosphere mightily suppressed gray mold in tomato caused by B. cinerea. Spore germination and hyphal growth of B. cinerea were inhibited by B. cereus strain B-02. Changes of cell morphology such as distortion, shrinking and swelling were observed by SEM. TEM observation further indicated the ultrastructural alterations of hyphae, including mitochondrion reduction, un-membranous inclusion in cytoplasm, considerable thickening of cell walls, and electronic density enhancement. LSCM observation revealed the fluorescence intensity of nucleus DNA, mitochondrion DNA and reactive oxygen radical in treated hyphae were all stronger than control and the difference was significant (P < 0.01). These results indicated that the antagonistic effects of B. cereus strain B-02 on B. cinerea were likely due to a combination of abnormal synthesis of nucleus DNA and mitochondrion DNA and multifarious ultrastructural alterations in hyphal cell.

scholarly journals Biological Control of Gray Mold with Ulocladium atrum in Annual Strawberry Crops

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Boff ◽  
J. Köhl ◽  
M. Jansen ◽  
P. J. F. M. Horsten ◽  
C. Lombaers-van der Plas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Fungal Antagonist ◽  
Disease Pressure

The efficacy of the fungal antagonist Ulocladium atrum to control gray mold in annual strawberry crops using waiting-bed transplants under field conditions was investigated. Seven field experiments were conducted with strawberry cv. Elsanta during the summer seasons of 1996-99 in the Netherlands. Treatments included untreated controls, fungicide programs, U. atrum spray programs, and crop sanitation. Under low disease pressure, U. atrum spray programs effectively reduced gray mold at harvest in four of seven experiments. Sprays of U. atrum starting at transplanting resulted in better control of gray mold than sprays starting at the beginning of flowering in only one of five experiments. Removal of necrotic leaves did not affect the level of gray mold, which demonstrated that strawberry leaves were not a significant inoculum source for Botrytis cinerea in this annual cropping system. These results suggest that U. atrum can be effective in reducing gray mold in strawberry crops, and further studies on the use of the antagonist in annual systems should consider flowering time as the best period to apply this antagonist.

scholarly journals Cyclophilin BcCyp2 Regulates Infection-Related Development to Facilitate Virulence of the Gray Mold Fungus Botrytis cinerea

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1694
Author(s):  
Jiao Sun ◽  
Chen-Hao Sun ◽  
Hao-Wu Chang ◽  
Song Yang ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Histone 3 ◽  
Mold Fungus ◽  
Related Development ◽  
Hyphal Morphology ◽  
Cellular Components

Cyclophilin (Cyp) and Ca2+/calcineurin proteins are cellular components related to fungal morphogenesis and virulence; however, their roles in mediating the pathogenesis of Botrytis cinerea, the causative agent of gray mold on over 1000 plant species, remain largely unexplored. Here, we show that disruption of cyclophilin gene BcCYP2 did not impair the pathogen mycelial growth, osmotic and oxidative stress adaptation as well as cell wall integrity, but delayed conidial germination and germling development, altered conidial and sclerotial morphology, reduced infection cushion (IC) formation, sclerotial production and virulence. Exogenous cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) rescued the deficiency of IC formation of the ∆Bccyp2 mutants, and exogenous cyclosporine A (CsA), an inhibitor targeting cyclophilins, altered hyphal morphology and prevented host-cell penetration in the BcCYP2 harboring strains. Moreover, calcineurin-dependent (CND) genes are differentially expressed in strains losing BcCYP2 in the presence of CsA, suggesting that BcCyp2 functions in the upstream of cAMP- and Ca2+/calcineurin-dependent signaling pathways. Interestingly, during IC formation, expression of BcCYP2 is downregulated in a mutant losing BcJAR1, a gene encoding histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) demethylase that regulates fungal development and pathogenesis, in B. cinerea, implying that BcCyp2 functions under the control of BcJar1. Collectively, our findings provide new insights into cyclophilins mediating the pathogenesis of B. cinerea and potential targets for drug intervention for fungal diseases.

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