scholarly journals Transdisciplinary Translational Science for Youth Health and Wellness: Introduction to a Special Issue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley T. Scudder ◽  
Gregory J. Welk ◽  
Richard Spoth ◽  
Constance C. Beecher ◽  
Michael C. Dorneich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Research Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Community Practice ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Youth Health ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches

Abstract Background Transdisciplinary translational science applies interdisciplinary approaches to the generation of novel concepts, theories and methods involving collaborations among academic and non-academic partners, in order to advance the translation of science into broader community practice. Objective This paper introduces a special issue on transdisciplinary translational science for youth health and wellness. We provide an overview of relevant research paradigms, share the related goals of the Iowa State University Translational Research Network (U-TuRN), and introduce the specific papers in the issue. Method Authors were asked to submit empirical reports, programmatic reviews or policy-related papers that examined youth health issues from a transdisciplinary translational perspective. Results The papers included in this special issue each involve direct and fully-integrated community-university partnerships and collaborations between academic and non-academic partners in scholarship and research. Reports emphasize the value of the applied nature of the work with a research agenda driven primarily by real-world health and social needs. Conclusions There is growing acceptance of the need for transdisciplinary, community-university collaborative research approaches as a means to meet both the requirements posed by real-world problems as well as goals of advancing scientific knowledge and innovation. In this issue, readers will find papers that show the promise of rethinking existing conceptual frameworks to incorporate transdisciplinary approaches as a catalyst to addressing translational science questions related to the field of children and youth care.

scholarly journals One-On-One: Kathleen Noonan

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Chief Executive Officer ◽  
Real World ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
World Health ◽  
The City

Kathleen Noonan is chief executive officer of the Camden Coalition of Healthcare Providers, a nonprofit, multidisciplinary healthcare innovator in Camden, New Jersey. A former corporate lawyer, Noonan previously was co-director of PolicyLab at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, which she co-founded in 2008 to ensure clinical research was connected to and influencing real-world health policy change. Noonan recently spoke with Cait Allen, MPH, director of Engagement at the Patient Safety Authority, about the Camden Coalition’s efforts to improve care for people with complex health and social needs in in the city of Camden, regionally, and across the country.

Special Issue on J-GRID (Japan Initiative for Global Research Network on Infectious Disease)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-767
Author(s):  
Sumio Shinoda
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Research Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Research Centers ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Set Up

In the developed countries including Japan, malignant tumor (cancer), heart disease and cerebral apoplexy are major causes of death, but infectious diseases still responsible for high mortality in the developing countries, especially for children less than 5 years of age. World Health Statistics published byWHO indicates a high percentage of mortality from infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, diarrhea, measles, malaria and pneumonia in children of South and Southeast Asian and African countries (World Health Statistics 2014,World Health Organization). Many of these infectious diseases have the potential for borderless transmission and invasion to Japan. Given this situation, Japan’s Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) introduced Phase I of a program “Founding Research Centers for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases,” running from fiscal 2005 to 2009 and involving 8 Japanese universities and 2 Japanese research centers. The program was established to: 1) Create of a domestic research structure to promote the accumulation of fundamental knowledge about infectious diseases, 2) Set up 13 overseas research collaboration centers in 8 countries at high risk of emerging and reemerging infections, Japanese researchers are stationed at these centers, where they conduct research in partnership with overseas instructors, 3) Develop a network among domestic and overseas research centers, 4) Develop human resources. The program, supervised by MEXT, and managed by the RIKEN Center of the Research Network for Infectious Diseases (Riken CRNID). Dr. Yoshiyuki Nagai, Program Director (PD), heads CRNID and is organizing the program. Phase II of the program was set up as the Japan Initiative for the Global Research Network on Infectious Diseases (J-GRID) and was established for fiscal 2010-2014. Participating universities, institutes and countries in J-GRID are as follows: Hokkaido University : Zambia Tohoku University : Philippines The University of Tokyo : China Tokyo Medical and Dental University : Ghana Osaka University : Thailand Kobe University : Indonesia Okayama University : India Nagasaki University : Vietnam Kenya (Associate*) Niigata University : Myanmar (Associate*) National Center for Global Health and Medicine : Vietnam National Institute of Animal Health : Thailand *Two associate members were involved in 2011. Each university and institute set up its collaborative research center in a country and conducts research on infectious diseases, especially typical regional diseases. The program’s outcome of each collaborative center is announced by the publication of various research papers or outreach programs, such as open lectures for citizens, and so on. The Asian-African Research Forum (AARF) on Infectious Disease organized by J-GRID is dedicated to reporting and discussing the research results of the collaborative research centers. Details and activities of J-GRID can be seen at http://www.crnid.riken.jp/jgrid/. The Figs. 1 and 2 show examples of the home page indicating the countries and the collaborative research institutes involved. J-GRID publishes the magazine entitled “Monthly CRNID,” which is available by mail upon request to “https://krs.bz/crnid/m?f=2&m=1110&t=8cdk&v=076691d2.” This publication contains various topical information on infectious diseases, such as research papers, newly announced news from WHO, overseas trip news, domestic infections, new drug developments, explanations, events, etc. Phase II will terminate on March 2015 (the end of FY 2014), and Phase III will begin in April 2015 at the start of the new FY. This special issue on J-GRID is being edited on the occasion of the final year of Phase II. The outlines of J-GRID and those of all the collaborative research centers are reviewed by Dr. Nagai, PD of CRNID, and the representatives of each respective collaborative center in this issue. Finally, I extend my sincere thanks to all authors and reviewers involved in this special issue.

scholarly journals Inflammation and Atherosclerosis

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Klaus Ley
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Special Issue

This 11-chapter Special Issue of Cells spans the gamut from basic science in mechanistic animal models to translational science to outcomes of clinical trials, all focused on the role of inflammation in atherosclerosis [...]

scholarly journals Editorial for the Special Issue: “Honey Bee Products as an Alternative or Complement to Classical Antibiotics”

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Piotr Szweda
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
World Health ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Health Challenge ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Global Health Challenge

Based on World Health Organization reports, the resistance of bacteria to well-known antibiotics is becoming a major global health challenge [...]

scholarly journals Progress towards the Development of Research Agenda and the Launch of Knowledge Hub: The WHO Thematic Platform for Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management Research Network (Health EDRM RN)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4959
Author(s):  
Ryoma Kayano ◽  
Shuhei Nomura ◽  
Jonathan Abrahams ◽  
Qudsia Huda ◽  
Emily Y. Y. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Research Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Global Research

In response to the increasing burden of recent health emergencies and disasters, the World Health Organization (WHO) and its partners established the WHO thematic platform for health emergency and disaster risk management research network (health EDRM RN) in 2016, with the purposes of promoting global research collaboration among various stakeholders and enhancing research activities that generate evidence to manage health risks associated with all types of emergencies and disasters. With the strong support and involvement of all WHO regional offices, the health EDRM RN now works with more than 200 global experts and partners to implement its purposes. The 1st and 2nd Core Group Meetings of the health EDRM RN were held on 17–18 October 2019 and 27 November 2020, respectively, to discuss the development of a global research agenda that the health EDRM RN will focus on facilitating, promoting, synthesizing and implementing, taking into account the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (health EDRM RN research agenda). A focus of the meetings was the establishment of an online platform to share information and knowledge, including the databases that the health EDRM RN accumulates (WHO health EDRM knowledge hub). This paper presents a summary of the discussion results of the meetings.

Diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship with molecular respiratory testing across the SHEA Research Network

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Kimberly C. Claeys ◽  
Daniel J. Morgan ◽  
Surbhi Leekha ◽  
Kaede V. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Real World ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Panel Testing ◽  
Tract Infections

This survey investigated diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship practices related to molecular respiratory panel testing in adults with lower respiratory tract infections at acute care hospitals. Most respondents reported use of rapid respiratory panels, but related stewardship practices were uncommon and the real-world impact of respiratory panels were difficult to quantify.

scholarly journals Coadministration of tizanidine and ciprofloxacin: a retrospective analysis of the WHO pharmacovigilance database

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Rudolph ◽  
Hendrike Dahmke ◽  
Hugo Kupferschmidt ◽  
Andrea Burden ◽  
Stefan Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Database ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Pharmacovigilance Database ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose Tizanidine, an alpha-adrenergic substance with antinociceptive and antihypertensive effects, is extensively metabolized via cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2. Therefore, coadministration with potent CYP1A2 inhibitors, such as ciprofloxacin, is contraindicated. However, both drugs are broadly utilized in various countries. Their concomitant use bears an inherent high risk for clinically significant symptoms, especially in multimorbid patients experiencing polypharmacy. This study aims to investigate the impact of coadministration of tizanidine and ciprofloxacin using real-world pharmacovigilance data and to raise awareness of this potentially underestimated safety issue. Methods We conducted a retrospective study including Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSR) registered until March 1, 2017, in the World Health Organization (WHO) global database. Demographic data, drug administration information, the course of the adverse drug reaction (ADR), its severity, and outcomes were analyzed for cases reporting ciprofloxacin comedication. Results In 91 (2.0%) of the identified 4192 worldwide ICSR on tizanidine, coadministration of ciprofloxacin was reported. Most of the patients were female (n = 59, 64.8%) with a median age of 54 years (range 13–85 years). The countries contributing most reports were the USA (n = 54, 59.3%) and Switzerland (n = 16, 17.6%). ADRs reported most often affected the nervous system and the cardiac function, especially with large tizanidine doses or drugs with CNS and cardiovascular depressant effects. In two cases, a fatal outcome was reported. Conclusion Despite the existing formal contraindication, the concomitant use of tizanidine and ciprofloxacin can be observed in real-world clinical practice. Reactions mainly affected the central nervous and the cardiovascular system resulting in potentially severe adverse effects. The concomitant use of tizanidine and ciprofloxacin should absolutely be avoided.

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