The Qualities of Teacher–Child Relationships and Self-Regulation of Children at Risk in the United States and Turkey: The Moderating Role of Gender

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim H. Acar ◽  
Mefharet Veziroglu-Celik ◽  
Aileen Garcia ◽  
Amy Colgrove ◽  
Helen Raikes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Moderating Role

The Arts as a Polarized Issue and the Role of Political Trust in Promoting the Arts: Evidence From the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Lim Jae Young ◽  
Woo Harin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Moderating Role

The arts in the United States, for a long time received strong support from both sides of the political aisle. However, in recent years, the arts have been transformed into a partisan issue that pits conservatives against liberals. The article points to the importance of political trust as a means of helping conservatives overcome their ideological inclinations and support the arts. Scholars argue that political trust influences more strongly individuals who perceive a given policy to be one that imposes ideological risks for them compared with those without such risks. Focusing on the moderating role of political trust, the article examines whether political trust can help alleviate the conservatives’ hostility to the arts. Relying on the 2016 General Social Survey, the article finds that conservatives have no direct relationship with arts spending, but they will be more likely to support arts spending when this is contingent upon political trust.

Diversity Beliefs as Moderator of the Contact–Prejudice Relationship

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adekemi A. Adesokan ◽  
Johannes Ullrich ◽  
Rolf van Dick ◽  
Linda R. Tropp
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Moderator Effects ◽  
Perceived Importance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

Research on intergroup contact has recently begun to examine how individual differences moderate the reduction of prejudice. We extend this work by examining the moderating role of diversity beliefs, i.e., the strength of individuals’ beliefs that society benefits from ethnic diversity. Results of a survey among 255 university students in the United States show that the relationship between contact and reduced prejudice is stronger for individuals holding less favorable diversity beliefs compared to those with more positive diversity beliefs. Likewise, the relationship between contact and perceived importance of contact is stronger for people with less favorable diversity beliefs. Together with previously reported moderator effects, these results suggest that contact especially benefits people who are the most predisposed to being prejudiced.

The School-Based Speech-Language Pathologist's Role in Diverting the School-to-Confinement Pipeline for Youth With Communication Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1057-1066
Author(s):  
Shameka Stanford
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individualized Education Plan ◽  
Individualized Education ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Education Plan

Purpose The overarching aim of this article is to discuss the intersectionality of the school-to-confinement pipeline and its detrimental effect on the societal and academic success of youth with communication disorders. Communication disorders in youth with behavior concerns or placed at risk for delinquency that is not adequately addressed by a speech-language pathologist (SLP) can increase the youth's involvement with the school-to-confinement pipeline, resulting in a dire need for the intervention of the SLP to intervene on the language-based needs of this population. However, the role of the United States—based SLPs in interrupting the school-to-confinement pipeline has not yet been clearly defined and recognized. Method This article will (a) discuss why the role of the SLP providing language intervention for youth placed at risk for delinquency or involved with the criminal justice system is necessary, (b) discuss the definition of the school-to-confinement pipeline, (c) examine the impact of the school-to-confinement pipeline on youth with communication disorders, and (d) highlight a framework for cognitive and language-based intervention that may promote positive outcomes. Results The SLP's role in interrupting the school-to-confinement pipeline is vital to providing and increasing the societal and academic success of youth with communication disorders placed at risk for delinquency and should consider multiple factors such as (a) SLPs becoming an active and integral member of the individualized education plan team, (b) SLPs advocating for opportunities to collaborate and interact with the youth as an integral member of the individualized education plan team, and (c) SLPs creating consistent and streamlined opportunities for culturally relevant goals and intervention that increase the student's academic and societal success. Conclusion There are many reasons why the SLPs' role in interrupting the school-to-confinement pipeline cannot be ignored or overlooked. As a profession in the United States, speech-language pathology is in the early stages of developing a stronger stance for advocacy and understanding the communication needs of youth on the SLP's caseload who are at risk for the school-to-confinement pipeline. Nonetheless, increasing how SLPs approach and intervene on behalf of students with communication disorders may produce better outcomes for youth-at-risk for the school-to-confinement pipeline.

scholarly journals Pain severity and e-cigarette health literacy: the moderating role of sex

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117822181989707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Smit ◽  
Hannah Olofsson ◽  
Pamella Nizio ◽  
Lorra Garey ◽  
Michael J Zvolensky
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cigarette Dependence ◽  
Moderating Role

Although electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has increased among adults in the United States, there is still little knowledge of factors that may influence e-cigarette use or beliefs about use. Prior research suggests that health literacy plays an important role in e-cigarette beliefs, including perceived benefits and risks of e-cigarette use, as well as e-cigarette dependence. Yet, limited work has examined risk factors of poor e-cigarette health literacy. From a biopsychological perspective, sex and pain severity represent two constructs that may impact e-cigarette health literacy. To date, however, no research has investigated differences in e-cigarette health literacy across pain, sex, or their interrelation. Thus, the present study was conducted to evaluate the interactive effect of pain severity and sex on e-cigarette health literacy. Participants included 319 current, adult e-cigarette users (60.5% female, Mage = 36.82 years, SD = 10.62). Findings supported a significant pain by sex interaction, such that pain related to e-cigarette health literacy among women ( b = .10, SE = .03, P < .001), but not men ( b = .01, SE = .03, P = .60). The present findings suggest that pain may uniquely impact the degree to which women, but not men, seek and understand information on e-cigarettes.

scholarly journals ML5: Replications of Payne, Burkley, & Stokes (2008)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Ebersole ◽  
Michelangelo Vianello ◽  
Juliette Richetin ◽  
Luca Andrighetto ◽  
Jon E. Grahe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Rule Out

To rule out an alternative explanation to their structural fit hypothesis, Payne, Burkley, and Stokes (2008) demonstrated that correlations between implicit and explicit race attitudes were weaker when participants were put under high pressure to respond without bias compared to when they were placed under low pressure. This effect, although smaller in size, was replicated in Italy by Vianello (2015). The current investigation sought to examine the possible moderating role of sample source for this effect. Teams from eight universities, four in the United States and four in Italy, replicated the original study (N = 1,103). Although we did detect moderation by sample source, it was due to a reversal of the original effect in the United States and a lack of the original effect in the Italian samples. We discuss this curious finding and possible explanations.

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