scholarly journals The determinants of vulnerability to currency crises: country-specific factors versus regional factors

Empirica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-640
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Tomoe Moore
Keyword(s):  
Currency Crises ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
Country Specific

Institutions and the Reversal of State Capture

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hulsey
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
Specific Structure ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
State Capture ◽  
Economic Elites ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
Country Specific

This paper examines explanations for corruption and state capture in Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to evaluate the importance of regional factors related to the transition from communism to liberal democracy and country-specific factors related to the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper shows that the overall level of state capture is best explained by regional factors, while the specific structure of corruption in Bosnia and Herzegovina is closely related to the way the war was fought and the peace treaty that brought it to an end. Reform efforts face steep and powerful opposition in the form of political and economic elites who have shifted from a focus on extracting wealth from the state to using state resources in order to maintain control and stymy political competition.

Unfilled Training Positions in Germany – Regional and Establishment-Specific Determinants

2019 ◽  
Vol 239 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Dummert ◽  
Ute Leber ◽  
Barbara Schwengler
Keyword(s):  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Western Germany ◽  
Enterprise Level ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
The One ◽  
Training Position ◽  
Quantitative Importance

AbstractThe current situation in the German apprenticeship market is characterized by two contradictory developments. On the one hand, establishments are experiencing increasing problems filling the training positions they offer, and the number of vacant training positions is climbing. On the other hand, the transition into training is still difficult for many young people, and the number of unsuccessful vocational training applicants is rising. Hence, matching supply with demand is becoming increasingly difficult in the German job market for training positions. Using the Linked Employer-Employee dataset (LIAB) from the Institute for Employment Research (IAB), our paper provides a closer examination of the phenomenon of unfilled training positions. It presents an overview of the evolution of vacant training positions in eastern and western Germany and attempts to explain the number of vacancies by investigating the factors responsible for the establishments’ inability to fill their training positions. We assume that training position vacancies are due not only to internal company reasons such as firm size or the wage offer for apprentices but also to external conditions such as general regional factors. Therefore, our analysis also considers the situation on the demand side of the labor market within a region. The results of our multilevel mixed-effects estimations show that in addition to characteristics on the enterprise level, regional determinants also affect the share of vacant apprenticeships. With respect to establishment-related factors, mainly characteristics that describe the attractiveness of the firm prove to be important. With regard to regional-specific factors, we find that the availability of school leavers in a region in addition to the level of regional-sectoral competition impacts the recruiting success of establishments. Our analysis also shows that there are remarkable differences between eastern and western Germany concerning both the quantitative importance of unfilled training positions and the factors affecting them.

International Business Cycles: World, Region, and Country-Specific Factors

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 1216-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ayhan Kose ◽  
Christopher Otrok ◽  
Charles H Whiteman
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycle ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
International Business Cycles ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
World Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Country Specific

The paper investigates the common dynamic properties of business-cycle fluctuations across countries, regions, and the world. We employ a Bayesian dynamic latent factor model to estimate common components in macroeconomic aggregates (output, consumption, and investment) in a 60-country sample covering seven regions of the world. The results indicate that a common world factor is an important source of volatility for aggregates in most countries, providing evidence for a world business cycle. We find that region-specific factors play only a minor role in explaining fluctuations in economic activity. We also document similarities and differences across regions, countries, and aggregates.

scholarly journals International Evidence on the Determinants of Domestic Sovereign Debt Bank Holdings

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 143-160
Author(s):  
Dimitris K. Chronopoulos ◽  
George Dotsis ◽  
Nikolaos T. Milonas
Keyword(s):  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
Home Bias ◽  
Government Ownership ◽  
Government Bonds ◽  
Bank Ownership ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
Domestic Banks ◽  
Country Specific

Abstract In this paper, we examine the determinants of bank holdings of domestic sovereign debt with a panel dataset of 295 banks in 35 countries between 2002 and 2013. The findings indicate that the structure of bank ownership (domestic, foreign, or government ownership), the quality of governance, and the level of financial development of the countries in which banks operate all determine the level of home bias. Specifically, we find that domestic banks tend to hold more domestic sovereign debt relative to their foreign counterparts. We also provide evidence that home bias is even stronger when the domestic bank is controlled by its government. Moreover, home bias increases when government bonds are more risky, home governments are less effective, and when banking systems are less financially developed. Overall, we find that banks’ home bias in holding sovereign debt is an international phenomenon that is determined by both bank- and country-specific factors.

scholarly journals Common and country specific factors in the distribution of real wages

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 108582
Author(s):  
Eleni Chatzivgeri ◽  
Haroon Mumtaz ◽  
Daniela Tavasci ◽  
Luigi Ventimiglia
Keyword(s):  
Real Wages ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Country Specific

Country-specific determinants of FDI inflows to the MENA region

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dimitrova ◽  
Tim Rogmans ◽  
Dora Triki
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Fdi Determinants ◽  
Country Specific

Purpose This paper aims to synthesize, analyze and categorize the empirical literature on country-specific factors that affect foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows to the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Identifying gaps and methodological challenges in the reviewed articles, recommendations are made to guide future research. Design/methodology/approach Applying the systematic review methodology, content analysis is conducted of 42 relevant empirical studies that explore country-specific FDI determinants in the MENA region during the period 1998–2018. Findings This review study identifies four main research gaps in the extant literature: a lack of consensus on a common definition of the MENA region and a weak understanding of the specificities of its investment environment; a limited set of FDI theories used and a lack of other theoretical perspectives; a recurrent focus on the direct relationship between host country–specific determinants and FDI, thus ignoring the moderating and mediating effects of some variables; and the absence of certain country-specific factors pertaining to the MENA countries. Originality/value This study contributes to the international business field by enhancing our understanding of the FDI determinants in emerging and developing markets, especially the MENA countries. It develops a typology of FDI country-specific factors in the MENA region based on four main categories: macroeconomic and financial, institutional and regulatory, natural resource endowment and socio-cultural. Paths for future research are suggested.

Influence of Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements on FDI: A Critical Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neyati Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Tax Treaties ◽  
Double Taxation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Country Specific

In the past few decades, the prime considerations for FDI like degree of openness are becoming more or less same for all economies. It is the policy factors like taxation which have now become significant for investment decisions. In this respect one of the major issues is double taxation. This paper attempts to cover various aspects in relation to double taxation including tax treaties, unilateral and bilateral relief and above all the benefits and cost associated with signing a tax treaty. The review of literature conducted in respect of developed, developing and OECD nations highlights few important aspects in the context of Double Taxation Avoidance Treaties: age of treaty, treaty renegotiation, influence of regional peers and the country specific factors like income. This paper also discusses the case of India-Mauritius tax treaty which has been a debatable issue for long.

Organizational Design and Firm Performance

2013 ◽  
pp. 372-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo G. Colombo ◽  
Marco Delmastro ◽  
Larissa Rabbiosi
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Critical Survey ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Country Specific ◽  
Open Issues

This chapter provides a critical survey of the stream of studies that have examined the effect of organizational design decisions on firm performance. The focus is on selected organizational design dimensions that can be measured using quantitative indicators, notably i) organizationalconfiguration, ii) allocation of decision-making authority, and iii) adoption offormal organizational practices. The aim is to highlight ‘stylized facts’ supported by robust quantitative empirical findings, and to link them to insights provided by theoretical work. Moreover, we consider firm-, industry-, and country-specific factors that moderate the organizational design-firm performance relation. In reviewing this emergent and still quite fragmented empirical literature, we also take the opportunity to present open issues, and to indicate avenues for future research.

Blaming slower GDP on trade risks missing other perils

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growth Prospects ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Contagion Risk ◽  
Global Growth ◽  
Country Specific

Significance Some of the downside risks the April WEO highlighted have materialised, while the FSR sees higher risks to financial stability. The explanations prioritise trade but many other common and country-specific factors also constrain growth prospects. Impacts Emerging markets (EMs) with firm fundamentals have lower contagion risk than in the past, but growth will increasingly diverge across EMs. New trade tariffs are more likely to contribute to sustained slower global growth than to trigger a recession. Goods trade is a small share of Chinese and US GDP but US policy uncertainty will hit investment worldwide, damaging productivity efforts.

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