The role of forest and agriculture towards environmental fortification: designing a sustainable policy framework for top forested countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Raza Abbasi ◽  
Festus Fatai Adedoyin ◽  
Magdalena Radulescu ◽  
Khadim Hussain ◽  
Sultan Salem
Keyword(s):  
Policy Framework ◽  
Sustainable Policy

The promotion of security sector reform strategies: Comparing the roles of the European Union and Canada

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Vandemoorteele
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Common Policy

This article analyzes the role of the European Union (EU) and Canada in the promotion of Security Sector Reforms (SSR) activities in two regional organizations, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The concept of SSR seeks to address the effective governance of security in post-conflict environment by transforming the security institutions within a country in order for them to have more efficient, legitimate and democratic role in implementing security. Recent debates within the EU have led to the adoption of an SSR concept from the Council and a new strategy from the European Commission on the SSR activities. Within the framework of the ESDP, the EU has positioned itself as a leading actor, in this domain, including in its crisis management operations. On the other hand, Canada, through its whole-of government and human security programs has also been an important actor in the promotion of SSR activities. Yet, even though several international organizations (including the United Nations, the OSCE and NATO) are effectively doing SSR activities on the ground, there does not exist a common framework within any of these organizations despite the role of the EU and Canada. As such, it is surprising to found no global common policy for SSR while this approach is precisely holistic in its foundations. Taking these elements into consideration, this paper analyzes two specific aspects : a) the absence of a common policy framework within international organizations and b) the major differences between the approaches of the OSCE and NATO in the domain of SSR and the implications for the EU and Canada’ roles.   Full extt available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v3i2.186

scholarly journals Saving energy in residential buildings: the role of energy pricing

2021 ◽  
Vol 167 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ewald ◽  
Thomas Sterner ◽  
Eoin Ó Broin ◽  
Érika Mata
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Residential Energy ◽  
Residential Energy Demand ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Zero Carbon

AbstractA zero-carbon society requires dramatic change everywhere including in buildings, a large and politically sensitive sector. Technical possibilities exist but implementation is slow. Policies include many hard-to-evaluate regulations and may suffer from rebound mechanisms. We use dynamic econometric analysis of European macro data for the period 1990–2018 to systematically examine the importance of changes in energy prices and income on residential energy demand. We find a long-run price elasticity of −0.5. The total long-run income elasticity is around 0.9, but if we control for the increase in income that goes towards larger homes and other factors, the income elasticity is 0.2. These findings have practical implications for climate policy and the EU buildings and energy policy framework.

scholarly journals Bringing onco-innovation to Europe’s healthcare systems: the unexploited potential of biomarker testing, real world evidence and the potential of Tumour Agnostics. The lesson from BRCA1/2 genetic testing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Horgan ◽  
Gennaro CILIBERTO ◽  
Pierfranco Conte ◽  
Giuseppe CURIGLIANO ◽  
Luis Seijo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Real World ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Real World Evidence ◽  
Biomarker Testing ◽  
Policy Alignment ◽  
Prostate Cancers

Rapid and continuing advances in biomarker testing are not being matched by take-up in health systems, and this is hampering both patient care and innovation. It also risks costing health systems the opportunity to make their services more efficient and, over time, more economical. The potential that genomics has brought to biomarker testing in diagnosis, prediction and research is being realised, pre-eminently in many cancers, but also in an ever-wider range of conditions. One of the paradigmatic examples is BRCA1/2 testing in ovarian, breast, pancreatic and prostate cancers. Nevertheless, development is impeded by data deficiencies, and lack of policy alignment on standards, approval – and the role of real-world evidence in the process - and reimbursement. The acute nature of the problem is compellingly illustrated by the particular challenges facing the development and use of tumour agnostic therapies, where the gaps in preparedness for taking advantage of this innovative approach to cancer therapy are sharply exposed. Europe should already have in place a guarantee of universal access to a minimum suite of biomarker tests and should be planning for an optimum testing scenario with a wider range of biomarker tests integrated into a more sophisticated health system articulated around personalised medicine. Improving healthcare and winning advantages for Europe's industrial competitiveness and innovation require an appropriate policy framework – starting with an update to outdated recommendations.

scholarly journals Fifty Years of Development Economics: From Planning to Liberalization Essay in Honour of Prof. P.R.Brahmanande

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesudevan A. ◽  
Nachare D.M ◽  
Karnik A.V
Keyword(s):  
Development Economics ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Indian Policy ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Cyclical Fluctuations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Basket Model

Fifty Years of Development Economics, Essays in Hon­our of Professor P.R. Brahmananda, Editors A. Vasedevan, D.M. Nachane, A.V. Karnik, Foreword Lord Meghnad Desai, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai 400 004, First Edition - 1999.   This Volume is a collection of 30 essays, writ­ten in honour of Professor P. R. Brahmananda, a dis­tinguished economist in India. The essays in this book focus on a number of issues such as theory and meas­urement, Indian policy framework, snictural reforms, regional perspectives and provide rich insight on vari­ous subjects. The book also documents empirical stud­ies researched by well-known economists.   The first part of the book with 8 chapters deals with theory and measurement of money, inflation etc.. In this part, Nachne's paper on "Commodity Stand­ards: Resurrection of a Classical Theme" revisits the issues relating to the concept of money standard and questions, the role of the Govenment in controlling money. The author, while reviewing the role of gov­ernment in controlling the monetary policy in histori­cal retrospection, examines a umber of alternative proposals. He chooses, amongst others, commodity standard, and analyses it to find out its relevance to modetary policy. His contribution lies in explaining the Black-Fama-Hall (BFH) model-Commodity Basket Model. This model has been discounted as it does not take into account expextations and has difficulties in choosing the commodities for the basket. The BFH model has a few advantages like a stable unit of ac­count, subjects the government to financial discipline, can stipulate financial innovations and can insulate the economy from cyclical fluctuations originating domes­tically. Nachne's contribution lies in simplifying the analysis on the difficult subject.   Inflation has been a long drawn riddle in many countries like Brazil, Turkey, India. Control of infla­tion has been enforced in many countries to bring macro economic stability with high economic growth. Vasudevan, Bhoy and D hall have tried to trace equi­librium between inflation and growth rate in the In­dian context. They reached a conclusion that inflation, growth trends and their volatility, when analysed si­multaneously, reveal that a moderate rate of inflation on an average centered between 6 to 8 per cent in In­dian economy with low volatility, led to high growth rates. The authors have used regression robust error technique after taking recourse to a number alterna­tive empirical modes as suggested in the literature. The findings of the present exercise indicate that the thresh­old rate of inflation in the Indian context could be about 6 per cent; the output neutral inflation could be 4 per cent. The output effects are positive but marginally different from one another for the 5, 6 and 7 per cent inflation regimes. The negative output effects occur after 10 per cent inflation rate.

scholarly journals Drumming the Barrels of Hope? Bioeconomy Narratives in the Media

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Peltomaa
Keyword(s):  
Policy Framework ◽  
Natural Resource Use ◽  
Path Dependencies ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Media ◽  
Policy Fields ◽  
Narrative Policy Framework ◽  
Mode Of Production

Bioeconomy as one mode of the transition towards a more sustainable mode of production and consumption has been addressed in several policy fields. Bioeconomy has raised hope not only in the quest for a more sustainable future, but also offers new possibilities, especially in countries with vast natural resources. By using the Narrative Policy Framework, I assess the kinds of bioeconomy narratives promoted by the media and the future they suggest, for the case of Finland. Flexible concepts such as bioeconomy can be harnessed to promote different, and even contrasting, objectives. Besides growth-oriented promises, bioeconomy seems to simultaneously raise controversial questions related to techno-social path dependencies and the sustainability of natural resource use. The narratives seem also to lack roles for certain actor groups, such as citizens, which might challenge the legitimacy and, thus, the future of bioeconomy. The role of civil society should also be better addressed by scholars in the field, as it plays an important role in the sustainability of bioeconomy.

Promoting Entrepreneurship for Development

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiorina Mugione ◽  
Fulvia Farinelli
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Entrepreneurship Policy ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged ◽  
Sustainable Business Models ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Policy Measures

Recognizing the role of entrepreneurship as a catalyst for development and a means to address sustainable development challenges, this chapter illustrates UNCTAD’s approach to promoting entrepreneurship from a policy perspective. It draws lessons from the implementation of UNCTAD’s Entrepreneurship Policy Framework (EPF) and reiterates the need for holistic entrepreneurship policies according to the six priority areas identified by the EPF. It also highlights how policymakers can create an enabling entrepreneurial environment which also takes into account inclusive and sustainable business models, thereby expanding opportunities for all and addressing the needs of socially disadvantaged groups. For aspiring entrepreneurs from such groups, who tend to have lower levels of entrepreneurship skills and greater difficulty in navigating the business and regulatory environment, governments need to tailor policy measures to help them manage and grow their businesses. In this way, entrepreneurship policies can contribute to the achievement of the UNGA’s 2015 sustainable development goals.

Bad Land and Bad Law: The Role of Local Authorities in the Formulation of New Legislation and Guidance for Contaminated Land in the United Kingdom

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Walton
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Property Development ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Contaminated Land ◽  
The United Kingdom

The 1990 Environmental Protection Act introduced the requirement for local authorities in the United Kingdom to establish and prepare registers of land that had previously been subjected to a potentially contaminative use. This was met with opposition from a range of interests who articulated concerns about potential blight and the effects upon property development. Amongst these interests were those of local authorities of which the larger ones, it is contended, would have good reason to oppose the introduction of registers because of the fear of their consequential impact on local economic development. In this paper the author appraises the local authority responses to the government's proposals for registers of potentially contaminated land and, following the government's decision to abandon the registers, their views of what policy and legal measures ought to be adopted in their place. The author then considers the extent to which these views have been reflected in the 1995 Environment Act which sought, inter alia, to provide a comprehensive legal and policy framework for the resolution of the location and apportionment of contaminated land liabilities.

Rescaling the public distribution system in India: Mapping the uneven transition from spatialization to territorialization

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Landy
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Policy Innovation ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Central State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Distribution System ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
A Minor

The Indian public distribution system operates like a huge machine transferring food grains procured by the federal government from surplus regions at a guaranteed price towards deficit areas where grains are sold at subsidized prices to poor households. The role of India’s regional States has become more significant in recent years with ‘decentralized procurement’. However, the national state has not become a minor actor, sandwiched between the globalization of food flows and decentralization policies. A process of state spatial rescaling is indeed taking place, although limited in scope and uneven across space. Before the 1990s, despite the uncontested power of the central state, sizeable differentiation already existed between States or ‘food zones’, in procurement as well as distribution. Recent rescaling of the policy has given States greater scope for policy innovation, via a ‘territorialization’ process. Nevertheless, despite significant rescaling to the subnational scale and the importance of ‘localization’ and ‘globalization’ trends, the national scale maintains a prominent position in the overall policy framework.

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