The Effect of Remediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Land on Agricultural Resources in Umuechem in Etche Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria

Contamination is the release of hazardous materials into the environment; which could be in the form of: waste, petroleum hydrocarbons and other unwanted materials. The release of these hazardous materials could affect soil nutrients and aggravate biodiversity loss. When the soil nutrient is impacted, it negatively affects its crop yield and production capabilities. Once there is contamination of the environment, remediation becomes necessary. This paper examines the effects of remediation of crude oil contaminated land on agricultural resources in Umuechem in Etche Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique and a survey research design was adopted with the use of structured questionnaires administered on a sample size of sixty two (62) persons whose farmlands and other agricultural resources were contaminated and thereafter remediated. The sample size was made up of fifty four (54) literate and eight (8) illiterate persons. The questionnaire was interpreted in native language to the illiterate persons by either their children or any other relative. The data obtained from the survey were analysed using descriptive statistics such as tables and statistical package for social sciences (SPSS).The findings obtained indicated that there was a post-remediation low-crop-yield and recommended that remediation consultants should adopt techniques capable of completely removing contaminants from the environment.

Research progress of sustainable brownfield redevelopment planning and design: Based on visual bibliometric analysis

Environmental and urban sciences have shown that brownfield problems have a significant impact on human behavior and its environment. Understanding the sustainable planning and redevelopment of brownfields can therefore help governments and financial partners to consider sustainable urban policies as a key priority. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of research publications on the sustainable redevelopment of brownfields through the Scopus database since 1990. The redevelopment of brownfields having an essential role in urban sustainability, so research trends on sustainable redevelopment brownfields in previous literature are revealed. To our knowledge, the bibliometric analysis of the term sustainable redevelopment of brownfields is not yet an accentuated field of research. To do this, this study aims to fill this gap by offering a broad overview of the bibliometric analysis of the literature relating to this term. Brownfield and contaminated land are used as a keyword in the article titles taken from the Scopus database on September 07, 2021. A total of 7197 scientific articles (Scopus) were reviewed to show how the research on " brownfields or contaminated land” has emerged and developed. Social media analysis (VOSviewer) was used for data visualization and Harzing's Publish or Perish is used for metrics and citation analysis. The results showed an increase in the growth rate of the literature on sustainable brownfield redevelopment since 1990, particularly from 2011 to 2020. Research related to the sustainable redevelopment of brownfields has involved various authors and is published in various languages. There are 160 authors from 126 countries and 160 institutions. The China is the largest contributor to this study, followed by the United States and United Kingdom. The Chemosphere Journal has published the most articles on the sustainable redevelopment of brownfields. Although our results also indicate that studies on the sustainable redevelopment of brownfields are mainly carried out in the field of environmental sciences. Some avenues for future research have been analyzed in three directions so that sustainable development can easily be integrated into a brownfield redevelopment project.

Methods of Justification and Selection of Technologies for Remediation of Oil-contaminated Land

The results of research on the ecological and economic justification of the choice of technologies for the reclamation of oil-contaminated land are proposed. Economic and environmental criteria for the selection of technologies for the treatment of land contaminated with petroleum products are proposed. The algorithm of implementation of the project of recultivation of the lands polluted by oil is considered, which includes an assessment of environmental damage, compensation of losses to landowners, determination of the cost of work on recultivation of the polluted lands, justification of technology and assessment of efficiency of its application. Based on a comparative assessment of the use of various technologies for cleaning up oil-contaminated land according to the proposed criteria, the economic feasibility of using biotechnologies are shown on the example of the elimination of an emergency oil spill in the Niger Delta.